4月12日发生过什么？

Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I

Shapur I (also spelled Shabuhr I; Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩, romanized: Šābuhr) also known as Shapur I the Great was the second Sasanian King of Kings of Iran. The precise dating of his reign is disputed, but it is generally agreed that he ruled from 240 to 270, with his father Ardashir I as co-regent until the death of the latter in 242.

Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire

The Roman emperor was the ruler of the Roman Empire, starting with the granting of the title augustus to Octavian in 27 BC. The title of imperator, originally a military honorific, was usually used alongside caesar, originally a cognomen. When a given Roman is described as becoming emperor in English, it generally reflects his accession as augustus, and later as basileus.

King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to Christianity by Paulinus, Bishop of York

Edwin (Old English: Ēadwine; c. 586 – 12 October 632/633), also known as Eadwine or Æduinus, was the King of Deira and Bernicia – which later became known as Northumbria – from around 616 until his death. He was the second monarch to rule both of these northern English kingdoms and the first to convert to Christianity. After he died in battle, he was venerated as a saint.

Having received the submission of the prince of Antioch, Raynald of Châtillon, Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos enters triumphantly the city of Antioch

Raynald of Châtillon (c. 1124 – 4 July 1187), also known as Reynald, Reginald, or Renaud, was Prince of Antioch—a crusader state in the Middle East—from 1153 to 1160 or 1161, and Lord of Transjordan—a large fiefdom in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem—from 1175 until his death, ruling both territories iure uxoris ('by right of wife').

Sack of Constantinople

The sack of Constantinople occurred in April 1204 and marked the culmination of the Fourth Crusade. Crusaders sacked and destroyed most of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. After the capture of the city, the Latin Empire (known to the Byzantines as the Frankokratia, or the Latin occupation) was established and Baldwin IX of Flanders crowned emperor in Hagia Sophia.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Troops of the Fourth Crusade entered Constantinople and began a sack of the city, temporarily dissolving the Byzantine Empire

The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III. The stated intent of the expedition was to recapture the Muslim-controlled city of Jerusalem, by first defeating the powerful Egyptian Ayyubid Sultanate. However, a sequence of economic and political events culminated in the Crusader army's 1202 siege of Zara and the 1204 sack of Constantinople, rather than the conquest of Egypt as originally planned.

Struggle for Constantinople (1204–1261)

The struggle for Constantinople was a complex series of conflicts following the dissolution of the Byzantine Empire in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade in 1204, fought between the Latin Empire established by the Crusaders, various Byzantine successor states, and foreign powers such as the Second Bulgarian Empire and Sultanate of Rum, for control of Constantinople and supremacy within the former imperial territories.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

War of the Breton Succession

The War of the Breton Succession or Breton Civil War was a conflict between the Counts of Blois and the Montforts of Brittany for control of the Duchy of Brittany. It was fought between 1341 and 12 April 1365. It is also known as the War of the Two Joans (French: guerre des deux Jeannes) due to the involvement of two rival duchesses of that name, Joan of Flanders and Joan of Penthièvre.

Battle of Anfao

The battle of Anfao was fought between the troops of rebel General Muhammad Askia and Sonni Baru, the legitimate ruler of the Songhai Empire on April 12, 1493, at Anfao, outside the capital of Gao, on the upper Niger. Despite being outnumbered, Askia's troops won the day. The victory of Muhammad Askia ended the Sonni dynasty.

Siege of Jeddah

The siege of Jeddah was a naval battle that took place in the harbor of Jeddah between a Portuguese expeditionary force under Lopo Soares de Albergaria and Ottoman elements under Selman Reis, and Egyptian Mamluks fleet. The Portuguese fleet arrived off the city’s coast on Easter day, 1517 (12 April), Hijri year 923, and moored in the channel.

The Instruction of 12 April 1588 was enacted, which is widely regarded as the formal establishment of the Dutch Republic

In the history of the Netherlands, the instruction of 12 April 1588 (Dutch: instructie van 12 april 1588) is a decision of the States General of the Netherlands (also known as the "Generality") passed on 12 April 1588 during the Eighty Years' War. It transferred the duties of the executive branch of government from the landvoogd (from which Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester had recently resigned) to the Council of State.

Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664)

The Sixth Austro-Turkish War, also known as the Austro-Turkish War of 1663–1664, was a short war between the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman aim was to resume the advance in central Europe, conquer Vienna and subdue Austria. The Ottomans managed to capture key strongholds, however, the Habsburg army under Raimondo Montecuccoli succeeded in halting the Ottoman army in the Battle of Saint Gotthard.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Hungary · Slovakia · Croatia

Battle of Amritsar (1709)

The Battle of Amritsar was fought on 6 and 12 April 1709 between the Sikh forces led by Bhai Mani Singh and the Mughal forces sent by Aslam Khan, the Governor of Lahore. This battle was the first one fought after Guru Gobind Singh's death, even before Banda Singh Bahadur's skirmishes against the Mughals. This battle can also be referred to as The Unsung Battle of Amritsar.

North Carolina Provincial Congress

The Provincial Congress of North Carolina was an extralegal representative assembly patterned after the colonial lower house that existed in North Carolina from 1774 to 1776. It led the transition from British provincial to U.S. state government in North Carolina. It established a revolutionary government, issued bills of credit to finance the provincial government, provided for the common defense, and adopted the state's first constitution.

American Revolution: With the Halifax Resolves, the North Carolina Provincial Congress authorizes its Congressional delegation to vote for independence from Britain.

1781 Connecticut gubernatorial election

The 1781 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on April 12, 1781, in order to elect the Governor of Connecticut. Incumbent Nonpartisan Governor Jonathan Trumbull won a plurality of the vote in his re-election bid against other candidates. However, as no candidate received a majority of the total votes cast as was required by Connecticut law, the election was forwarded to the Connecticut legislature, who chose Trumbull as governor.

Connecticut, United States

Battle of Providien

The Battle of Providien was the second in a series of naval battles, fought between the British fleet under Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Hughes and the French fleet under the Bailli de Suffren, near India during the Anglo-French War. The battle was fought on 12 April 1782 off the east coast of Ceylon, near a rocky islet called Providien, south of Trincomalee.

India

Battle of the Saintes

The Battle of the Saintes (known to the French as the Bataille de la Dominique), also known as the Battle of Dominica, was fought between the British and French navies on 9–12 April 1782 off Dominica during the American Revolutionary War. A British fleet under Admiral of the White Sir George Rodney defeated a French fleet under Lieutenant général des armées navales François Joseph Paul de Grasse, forcing France and Spain to abandon a planned invasion of Britain's colony of Jamaica.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Dominica

1787 Connecticut gubernatorial election

The 1787 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on April 12, 1787, in order to elect the Governor of Connecticut. Incumbent Federalist Governor of Connecticut Samuel Huntington unanimously won re-election as he ran unopposed.

Connecticut, United States

Battle of Montenotte

The Battle of Montenotte was fought on 12 April 1796, during the French Revolutionary Wars, between the French army under General Napoleon Bonaparte and an Austrian corps under Count Eugène-Guillaume Argenteau. The French won the battle, which was fought near the village of Cairo Montenotte in the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont. The modern town is located in the northwestern part of Italy. On 11 April, Argenteau led 3,700 men in several assaults against a French mountaintop redoubt but failed to take it. By the morning of the 12th, Bonaparte concentrated large forces against Argenteau's now-outnumbered troops.

Cairo Montenotte, Italy

1804 Connecticut gubernatorial election

The 1804 Connecticut gubernatorial election took place on April 12, 1804. Incumbent Federalist Governor Jonathan Trumbull Jr. won re-election to a seventh full term, defeating Democratic-Republican candidate William Hart.

Connecticut, United States

Froberg mutiny

The Froberg mutiny was a mutiny within the British armed forces staged between 4 and 12 April 1807 at Fort Ricasoli on the island of Malta, then a British protectorate, by the Froberg Regiment. The regiment had been formed using dubious methods, with personnel recruited from various nationalities in Albania and the Ottoman Empire. The troops, who had arrived on Malta in 1806, were unhappy with their rank and pay.

Siege of Acapulco (1813)

The Siege of Acapulco was a battle of the War of Mexican Independence that occurred on 12 April 1813 at Acapulco de Juárez. The battle was fought between the royalist forces loyal to the Spanish crown, commanded by Pedro Antonio Vélez, and the Mexican rebels fighting for independence from the Spanish Empire, commanded by José María Morelos. The battle resulted in a victory for the Mexican rebels.

Mexico

1813 Connecticut gubernatorial election

The 1813 Connecticut gubernatorial election took place on April 12, 1813. Federalist Lieutenant Governor John Cotton Smith had become acting Governor on the death of Governor Roger Griswold on October 25, 1812. Smith was elected to a term in his own right, defeating Democratic-Republican nominee Elijah Boardman.

Connecticut, United States

Battle of Casaglia

The Battle of Casaglia was a part of the Neapolitan War. An Austrian force under the command of Johann Friedrich von Mohr engaged a Neapolitan force under their commander, Joachim Murat. The battle took place around the village of Casaglia, seven miles northwest of Ferrara, and resulted in the Austrians recapturing the village from Murat.

Italy

1821 Connecticut gubernatorial election

The 1821 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on April 12, 1821. Incumbent governor and Toleration Party candidate Oliver Wolcott Jr. was re-elected, winning with 86.91% of the vote.

Connecticut, United States

1824 Boston mayoral election

The 1824 Boston mayoral election saw the reelection of incumbent Josiah Quincy III. It was held on April 12, 1824. Quincy was unopposed.

1827 Connecticut gubernatorial election

The 1827 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on April 12, 1827. Former congressman, speaker and Democratic-Republican candidate Gideon Tomlinson defeated incumbent governor and Toleration Party candidate Oliver Wolcott Jr., winning with 56.71% of the vote. The Democratic-Republicans in Connecticut had grown tired of governor Wolcott, and wished to replace him. They nominated Tomlinson instead, and Tomlinson fended off a challenge from Wolcott and his supporters.

Connecticut, United States

Soldiers marching on the Broughton Suspension Bridge in Manchester, England, cause it to collapse

Broughton Suspension Bridge was an iron chain suspension bridge built in 1826 to span the River Irwell between Broughton and Pendleton, now in Salford, Greater Manchester, England. One of Europe's first suspension bridges, it has been attributed to Samuel Brown, although some suggest it was built by Thomas Cheek Hewes, a Manchester millwright and textile machinery manufacturer.

Battle of Beni Mered

The Battle of Beni Mered took place in April 1842 between the French forces and the Algerian resistance from southern Algiers (Boufarik to Beni Mered in Blida Province). The French had established a military reserve camp around the town of Beni Mered between Blida and Boufarik.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Algeria

Battle of Takusa

The Battle of Takusa was a short military engagement fought on 12 April 1853 between the forces of Kassa Hailu, future Emperor of Ethiopia, and an alliance of several rival warlords. The forces of Kassa's enemies were led by Dejazmach Birru Aligaz and Samuel Birhanu, who was reinforced by troops sent to him by Wube Haile Maryam under the command of his son, Gwangul Wube.

Capture of Mỹ Tho

The Capture of My Tho (Vietnamese: Mỹ Tho) on 12 April 1861 was an important allied victory in the Cochinchina campaign (1858–62). This campaign, fought between the French and the Spanish on the one side and the Vietnamese on the other, began as a limited punitive expedition and ended as a French war of conquest. The war concluded with the establishment of the French colony of Cochinchina, a development that inaugurated nearly a century of French colonial dominance in Vietnam.

Mekong Delta, Vietnam · Mỹ Tho, Vietnam

Battle of Fort Sumter

The Battle of Fort Sumter (April 12–14, 1861) was the bombardment of U.S. Fort Sumter, near Charleston, South Carolina, by the Confederates, and the return gunfire and subsequent surrender by the U.S. Army that started the American Civil War. Following declarations of secession by seven Southern states, South Carolina demanded that the US Army abandon its facilities in Charleston Harbor. On December 26, 1860, Major Robert Anderson of the U.S. Army surreptitiously moved his small command from the vulnerable Fort Moultrie on Sullivan's Island to Fort Sumter, a substantial fortress controlling the entrance of Charleston Harbor. An attempt by U.S.

Charleston, South Carolina, United States

The war began on April 12, 1861, when the Confederate States bombarded Fort Sumter in South Carolina

The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by Southern states that had seceded from the Union to preserve slavery in the United States.

American Civil War: The Andrews Raid (the Great Locomotive Chase) occurs, starting from Big Shanty, Georgia (now Kennesaw)

The Great Locomotive Chase (a portion of the Andrews' Raid or the Mitchel Raid) was a military raid that occurred April 12, 1862, in northern Georgia during the American Civil War. Volunteers from the Union Army, led by civilian scout James J. Andrews, commandeered a steam locomotive, The General, and took it northward toward Chattanooga, Tennessee, doing as much damage as possible to the vital Western and Atlantic Railroad (W&A) line from Atlanta to Chattanooga as they went.

Battle of Fort Bisland

The Battle of Fort Bisland was fought in the American Civil War between Union Major General Nathaniel P. Banks against Confederate Major General Richard Taylor during Banks' operations against the Bayou Teche region in southern Louisiana.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

Yazoo Pass expedition

The Yazoo Pass expedition was a joint operation of Major General Ulysses S. Grant's Army of the Tennessee and Rear Admiral David D. Porter's Mississippi River Squadron in the Vicksburg campaign of the American Civil War. Grant's objective was to get his troops into a flanking position against the Rebel defenders of the heavily armed Confederate citadel Vicksburg, Mississippi.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Fort Pillow

The Battle of Fort Pillow, also known as the Fort Pillow massacre, was fought on April 12, 1864, at Fort Pillow on the Mississippi River in Henning, Tennessee, during the American Civil War. The battle ended with a massacre of Union troops (most of them African American soldiers) attempting to surrender, by soldiers under the command of Confederate Major General Nathan Bedford Forrest. Military historian David J. Eicher concluded, "Fort Pillow marked one of the bleakest, saddest events of American military history."

Lauderdale County, Tennessee, United States

Battle of Blair's Landing

The Battle of Blair's Landing was fought on April 12, 1864, in Red River Parish, Louisiana, as a part of the Red River Campaign of the American Civil War.

Louisiana, United States

Colorado War

The Colorado War was an Indian War fought in 1864 and 1865 between the Southern Cheyenne, Arapaho, and allied Brulé and Oglala Lakota (or Sioux) peoples versus the U.S. Army, the Colorado militia, and white settlers in Colorado Territory and adjacent regions. The Kiowa and the Comanche played a minor role in actions that occurred in the southern part of the Territory along the Arkansas River.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

American Civil War: Mobile, Alabama, falls to the Union Army

Mobile ( moh-BEEL; French: [mɔbil] ) is a city and the county seat of Mobile County, Alabama, United States. The population was 187,041 at the 2020 census and estimated at 204,689 following an annexation in 2023, making it the second-most populous city in Alabama. The Mobile metropolitan area, with an estimated 412,000 people, is the third-most populous metropolitan area in the state.

1868 Argentine presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Argentina on 12 April 1868 to choose the president of Argentina. Domingo Faustino Sarmiento was elected.

Argentina

1868 Portuguese legislative election

Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 22 March and 12 April.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

Portugal

Honduran–Salvadoran War of 1871

The Honduran-Salvadoran War of 1871 (Spanish: Guerra Salvadoreña-hondureña de 1871) was a military conflict between El Salvador and Honduras in 1871.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

El Salvador · Honduras

1874 Argentine presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Argentina on 12 April 1874. Nicolás Avellaneda was declared the winner of the elections. Supporters of rival candidate Bartolomé Mitre rebelled.

Argentina

Siege of Kumamoto Castle

The siege of Kumamoto Castle (熊本城強襲, Kumamotojō kyōshū) from February 19 to April 12, 1877, in Kumamoto, Japan, was a major battle of the Satsuma Rebellion.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Japan

The United Kingdom annexes the Transvaal

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, with a population of over 69 million in 2024. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering 94,354 square miles (244,376 km2).

Battle of Chipana

The Battle of Chipana took place on 12 April 1879, during the War of the Pacific between Chile and Peru. It was the first naval engagement between both navies and it took place in front of Huanillos, off the (then) Bolivian coast, as the Peruvian corvette Unión and gunboat Pilcomayo found the Chilean corvette Magallanes on its way to Iquique. After a two-hour running artillery duel, Unión suffered engine problems, the pursuit was called off and Magallanes escaped with minor damage. Magallanes was able to complete part of its mission of delivering commissioned papers to Iquique, but unable to complete its reconnaissance mission of finding if there were any guano ships still making commerce in the zone.

Bolivia · Chile

Capture of Hưng Hóa

The Capture of Hưng Hóa (12 April 1884) was an important French victory in the Tonkin Campaign (1883–86).

Vietnam

1896 Spanish general election

A general election was held in Spain on 12 April 1896 (for the Congress of Deputies), and on 26 April 1896 (for the Senate), to elect the members of the 7th Cortes under the Spanish Constitution of 1876, during the Restoration period. All 445 seats in the Congress of Deputies—plus two special districts—were up for election, as well as 180 of 360 seats in the Senate.

Spain

Battle of Paete

The Battle of Paete (Pronounced Pie-tê) was a small battle fought between American forces, commanded by General Henry W. Lawton, and Philippine nationalists on April 12, 1899, during the Philippine–American War.

One day after its enactment by the Congress, President William McKinley signs the Foraker Act into law, giving Puerto Rico limited self-rule

William McKinley (January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until his assassination in 1901. A member of the Republican Party, he led a realignment that made Republicans largely dominant in the industrial states and nationwide for decades. McKinley successfully led the U.S. in the Spanish–American War and oversaw a period of American expansionism, with the annexations of Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, the Philippines, and American Samoa.

1905 Yukon general election

The 1905 Yukon general election was held on 12 April 1905 to elect five of the ten members of the Yukon Territorial Council. The other five members were appointed.

Battle of Rawdat Muhanna

Battle of Rawdat Muhanna (Arabic: معركة روضة مهنا‎‎ or Arabic: معركة روضة ابن مهنا‎‎) was a major battle of the Saudi–Rashidi War, during the unification of Saudi Arabia, fought between Rashidi and Saudi rabels. It occurred on 12 April 1906, in Muhanna's Gardens in Qassim region. After Ibn Saud victory in Battle of Shinanah, Ibn Rashid planned to construct a new alliance with Qassimi leaders, Ibn Saud sent his troops with command of Ibrahim Ibn Aqeel to destroy this alliance before it grows, Ibn Aqeel troops successfully killed Abdulaziz bin Mitab in the battle along with hundreds of his Qassimi and Ottoman allies.

Al-Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia

1908 Copa del Rey final

The 1908 Copa del Rey final was the 6th final of the Spanish cup competition, the Copa del Rey. The final was played at Campo de O'Donnell in Madrid on 12 April 1908. The match was won by Madrid FC, who beat Vigo Sporting 2–1. The local goals were scored by Antonio Neyra and Federico Revuelto, with Adolfo Posada reducing the deficit for Vigo with 5 minutes remaining.

Madrid, Spain

1913 Scottish Cup final

The 1913 Scottish Cup Final was the 40th final of the Scottish Cup, Scottish football's most prestigious knockout association football competition. The match took place at Celtic Park on 12 April 1913 and was contested by Division One clubs Falkirk and Raith Rovers. It was both Falkirk's and Raith's début appearance in the Scottish Cup Final.

Battle of Kalvarija

The Battle of Kalvarija took place between the Imperial German and Russian armies in the spring of 1915 on the territory of modern Lithuania. The Russian 10th Army tried to re-break through the defenses of the German 10th Army after the unsuccessful March offensive.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Lithuania

Battle of Parral

The Battle of Parral, on April 12, 1916, was the first battle between soldiers of Venustiano Carranza, known as Carrancistas, and the United States military during the Mexican Expedition. When a small force of American cavalry was leaving the city of Parral, in the Mexican state of Chihuahua, a superior force of Carrancista soldiers attacked which resulted in a bloody running engagement. Using a strategy of organized withdrawal, the Americans were able to repulse the Mexican attacks and safely escape to the fortified village of Santa Cruz de Villegas.

Chihuahua (state), Mexico · Parral, Chihuahua, Mexico

World War I: Canadian forces successfully complete the taking of Vimy Ridge from the Germans

World War I, or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. One of the deadliest conflicts in history, World War I caused 15 to 22 million deaths, including those resulting from war crimes and genocides.

Hong Kong sanitary board election, 1920

The Hong Kong Sanitary Board Election of 1920 was held on 12 April 1920 for an elected seat in the Sanitary Board of Hong Kong. The election was held for the two of the elected seats in the board due to the expiry of term of C. G. Alabaster. Alabaster returned to the Board by winning majority of 27 votes over architect J. Caer Clark, who was supported by the Kowloon Residents Association. With an electorate of about 1,700, less than 400 voted and 13 spoilt votes were recorded.

Hong Kong

Hong Kong sanitary board election, 1923

The Hong Kong Sanitary Board Election of 1923 was supposed to be held on 12 April 1923 for an elected seat in the Sanitary Board of Hong Kong. The election was held for the two of the elected seats in the board due to the expiry of term of C. G. Alabaster. Alabaster returned to the Board uncontested.

Hong Kong

Hong Kong sanitary board election, 1926

The 1926 Sanitary Board Election was held on 12 April 1926 for replacing the retiring C. Grenville Alabaster in the Sanitary Board of Hong Kong. It was one of the few contests in the Sanitary Board elections. Only ratepayers who were included in the Special and Common Jury Lists of the years or ratepayers who are exempted from serving on Juries on account of their professional avocations, unofficial members of the Executive or Legislative Council, or categories of profession were entitled to vote at the election. Two nominations were received from former Board member Dr. F. M. G. Ozorio and Dr.

Hong Kong

Shanghai massacre

The Shanghai massacre of 12 April 1927, the April 12 Purge or the April 12 Incident as it is commonly known in China, was the violent suppression of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organizations and leftist elements in Shanghai by forces supporting General Chiang Kai-shek and conservative factions in the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party or KMT). The event began the campaign of anti-communist repression in Nationalist China.

Rocksprings, Texas is hit by an F5 tornado that destroys 235 of the 247 buildings in the town, kills 72 townspeople, and injures 205; third deadliest tornado in Texas history

Rocksprings is a town in and the county seat of Edwards County, Texas, United States. At the 2020 census, the town population was 874, down from 1,182 at the 2010 census and 1,285 at the 2000 census. The town received its name from natural springs associated with the porous limestone rocks in the area.

1930 Western Australian state election

Elections were held in the state of Western Australia on 12 April 1930 to elect all 50 members to the Legislative Assembly. The incumbent Labor Party government, led by Premier Philip Collier, was defeated by the Nationalist-Country opposition, led by Opposition Leader James Mitchell.

1931 Barcelona City Council election

The 1931 Barcelona City Council election was held on Sunday, 12 April 1931, to elect the Barcelona City Council, the unicameral local legislature of the municipality of Barcelona. This was the first free election after the Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. At stake were all 50 seats in the City Council, determining the Mayor of Barcelona. The election was perceived as a plebiscite on Spanish Monarchy.

Barcelona, Spain

Auto-Lite strike (1934)

The Toledo Auto-Lite strike was a strike by a federal labor union of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) against the Electric Auto-Lite company of Toledo, Ohio, from April 12 to June 3, 1934. The strike is notable for a five-day running battle between nearly 10,000 strikers and 1,300 members of the Ohio National Guard. Known as the "Battle of Toledo", the clash left two strikers dead and more than 200 injured.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

Sir Frank Whittle ground-tests the first jet engine designed to power an aircraft, at Rugby, England

Air Commodore Sir Frank Whittle (1 June 1907 – 8 August 1996) was an English engineer, inventor and Royal Air Force (RAF) air officer. He is credited with co-creating the turbojet engine. A patent was submitted by Maxime Guillaume in 1921 for a similar invention which was technically unfeasible at the time.

Battle of Vevi (1941)

The Battle of Vevi (or Veve, Greek: Μάχη της Bεύης), in Greece, also known as the Battle of the Klidi Pass, was part of the Greek campaign of World War II. It took place on 11–12 April 1941, north of the town of Amyntaion, close to the northwestern Greek border. Allied troops fought forces from Nazi Germany.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Greece

Battle of Podu Iloaiei

The Battle of Podu Iloaiei was fought during World War II between the German Wehrmacht and the Soviet Red Army. Historian David Glantz described it as part of a failed Soviet offensive in Romania, and considered it a reaction to the Soviet defeat at the First Battle of Târgu Frumos.

Romania

First Battle of Târgu Frumos

The First Battle of Târgu Frumos was fought during World War II between Axis powers commanded by Otto Wöhler and Soviet forces led by Ivan Konev. Historian David Glantz has described it as part of a failed Soviet invasion of Romania, while Russian and German sources have described it as part of the Târgu Frumos Operation.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Romania

Motherwell by-election, 1945

The Motherwell by-election was held on 12 April 1945, following the death of Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) for Motherwell James Walker. The by-election took place during the Second World War during unusual political conditions. No general election had been held since 1935, at which James Walker narrowly gained the seat for Labour from the Unionist Party. There was a truce between the major parties: Labour, the Conservative Party, Liberal Party and the National Liberal Party. The Communist Party of Great Britain, which had held Motherwell in the past, also undertook to abide by the truce.

United Kingdom

Battle of Authion

The Battle of Authion was a military engagement that took place towards the end of World War II, shortly before the defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945. Units of the French Army were sent to the French Alps to clear an important route from central France to Italy. A critical choke point was the 2,080 metre (6,820 feet) high Authion massif, held by determined but weakened German and Italian forces.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

France

Battle of Mont-Cenis

The Battle of Mont-Cenis (in Italian: Battaglia del Moncenisio), codenamed Operation Izard (in French: Opération Izard), was a battle fought over Mont-Cenis between Italian and French forces that started on 5 April 1945, as part of the Second Battle of the Alps.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Heilbronn

The Battle of Heilbronn was a nine-day battle in April 1945 during World War II between the United States Army and the German Army for the control of Heilbronn, a mid-sized city on the Neckar River located between Stuttgart and Heidelberg. Despite the impending end of World War II in Europe, the battle was characterized by very firm German resistance and the presence of various Nazi Party auxiliaries among the regular German troops.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Germany

U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies in office; Vice President Harry S. Truman succeeds him

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), also known as FDR, was the 32nd president of the United States, serving from 1933 until his death in 1945. He is the longest-serving US president and the only one to have served more than two terms. His first two terms centered on combating the Great Depression, while his third and fourth focused on US involvement in World War II.

Accession of Harry S. Truman

Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953. As the 34th vice president in 1945, he assumed the presidency upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt in April. Truman set up the Marshall Plan to rebuild the badly damaged economy of Western Europe.

Battle of Kalavryta

The Battle of Kalavryta (Greek: Μάχη των Καλαβρύτων) took place between 11 and 12 April 1948. It was fought as part of the Greek Civil War, pitting forces of the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE) led by Stephanos Giouzelis against the government garrison of Kalavryta under Nikolaos Arvanitakis. In the early morning hours of 11 April, DSE fighters launched an offensive on Kalavryta from multiple directions, while small groups of commandos infiltrated the city center.

Greece

The polio vaccine, developed by Dr. Jonas Salk, is declared safe and effective

Jonas Edward Salk (; born Jonas Salk; October 28, 1914 – June 23, 1995) was an American virologist and medical researcher who developed one of the first successful polio vaccines. He was born in New York City and attended the City College of New York and New York University School of Medicine.

Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human in space

Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin launched aboard Vostok 1 and became the first person to travel into space and orbit Earth. The spacecraft lifted off from the Baikonur launch complex, in what is now Kazakhstan. Its flight lasted about 108 minutes and completed a single orbit before returning to Earth. Gagarin ejected from the descending capsule and landed by parachute, as planned for the Vostok system. The mission demonstrated that a human could survive launch, weightlessness, and reentry. It also gave the Soviet Union a major achievement in the space race and made Gagarin an internationally recognized figure.

The location filter identifies the launch site, then in the Soviet Union and now in Kazakhstan.

Baikonur Cosmodrome, Soviet Union

Space Race

The Space Race (Russian: космическая гонка, romanized: kosmicheskaya gonka, IPA: [kɐsˈmʲitɕɪskəjə ˈɡonkə]) was a 20th-century competition between the Cold War rivals, the United States and the Soviet Union, to achieve superior spaceflight capability. It had its origins in the ballistic missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that followed World War II and the onset of the Cold War.

Space Race: The Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human to travel into outer space and perform the first crewed orbital flight, Vostok 1.

Soviet submarine K-8, carrying four nuclear torpedoes, sinks in the Bay of Biscay four days after a fire on board

K-8 was a November-class submarine of the Soviet Northern Fleet that sank in the Bay of Biscay with her nuclear weapons on board on April 12, 1970. A fire on April 8 had disabled the submarine and it was being towed in rough seas. Fifty-two crewmen were killed attempting the salvage of the submarine when it sank.

Nottinghamshire County Council election, 1973

The 1973 Nottinghamshire County Council election was held on Thursday, 12 April 1973. The election resulted in the Labour Party winning an overall majority of seats on the council. The election was the first to take place to the new non-metropolitan county council of Nottinghamshire as defined by the Local Government Act 1972, which had reformed local government in England and Wales. The council acted as a "shadow authority" until 1 April 1974, when it gained control from its predecessor county council, which had been established by the Local Government Act 1888.

Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom

Greater London Council election, 1973

The fourth election to the Greater London Council was held on 12 April 1973. Labour, benefiting both from the unpopularity of the Conservative GLC's transport policy and from the difficulties of the national Conservative government, won a very large majority of 58 seats to 32 for the Conservatives; the Liberals also won their first two seats on the council.

United Kingdom

1973 Cornwall County Council election

Elections to Cornwall County Council were held on 12 April 1973. This was on the same day as other UK county council elections. The whole council of 79 members was up for election and the council fell under the control of Independents.

Cornwall, United Kingdom

1973 Essex County Council election

The 1973 Essex County Council election took place on 12 April 1973 to elect members of Essex County Council in Essex, England. This was on the same day as other local elections. This was the first election to Essex County Council following the structural reforms to local government laid out in the Local Government Act 1972.

Essex, United Kingdom

1973 Norfolk County Council election

The 1973 Norfolk County Council election took place on 12 April 1973 to elect members of Norfolk County Council in Norfolk, England. This was on the same day as other local elections. This was the first election to Norfolk County Council following the structural reforms to local government laid out in the Local Government Act 1972.

Norfolk, United Kingdom

1973 Lancashire County Council election

Following its reconstitution under the Local Government Act 1972, elections were held for Lancashire County Council on 12 April 1973. All 94 wards were up for election and all wards returned one councillor by FPTP, with the exception of Preston No. 1 and Preston No. 4, which returned two councillors each by plurality block voting. A Conservative majority was returned.

Lancashire, United Kingdom

1973 Merseyside County Council election

The 1973 Merseyside County Council election took place on 12 April 1973 to elect members of Merseyside County Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections. There were 95 wards electing the 99 members between them. Two wards, (both in Wirral), were uncontested.

England, United Kingdom

1973 Suffolk County Council election

The 1973 Suffolk County Council election took place on 12 April 1973 to elect members of Suffolk County Council in Suffolk, England. It was held on the same day as other local elections. This was the first election to Suffolk County Council following the structural reforms to local government laid out in the Local Government Act 1972.

Suffolk, United Kingdom

1973 Cumbria County Council election

Elections to Cumbria County Council were held on 12 April 1973. This was on the same day as other UK county council elections. The whole council of 82 members was up for election and the council fell under no overall control. The election was the first to take place to the new non-metropolitan county council of Cumbria as defined by the Local Government Act 1972, which had reformed local government in England and Wales.

Cumbria, United Kingdom

1973 Tyne and Wear County Council election

The 1973 Tyne and Wear County Council election was held on 12 April 1973 as part of the first elections to the new local authorities established by the Local Government Act 1972 in England and Wales. 104 councillors were elected from 95 electoral divisions across the region's five boroughs. Each division returned either one or two county councillors each by First-past-the-post voting for a four-year term of office.

England, United Kingdom

1973 Hampshire County Council election

Elections to Hampshire County Council took place on 12 April 1973 as part of the 1973 United Kingdom local elections. All 97 seats were up for election, with each ward returning either one or two councillors by first-past-the-post voting for a four-year term of office. These were the first to be held after the Local Government Act 1972, which reformed local councils and their boundaries.

Hampshire, United Kingdom

1973 Wiltshire County Council election

Elections to Wiltshire County Council were held on Thursday, 12 April 1973. The whole council of seventy-nine members was up for election, and the Conservatives came within a whisker of taking formal control. The Chairman of the Council since 1969, Sir Henry Langton, did not stand for re-election, and at the annual meeting later in April was succeeded by Frank Willan, who continued for the whole four years of the council's term of office.

England, United Kingdom

1973 Northumberland County Council election

Local elections to Northumberland County Council, a county council in the north east of England, were held on 12 April 1973, resulting in a council with no party forming a majority.

Northumberland, United Kingdom

1973 Greater Manchester County Council election

Local elections to Greater Manchester County Council, a Metropolitan County Council encompassing Greater Manchester, were held on 12 April 1973. This was the first election held for the authority, having been established by operation of the Local Government Act 1972. The whole council was up for election, with each successful candidate to serve a four-year term of office, expiring in 1977.

1973 Penwith District Council election

Elections to Penwith District Council were held for the first time in 1973. All 40 seats were contested. Independent candidates won an overwhelming majority, gaining 37 seats. The Labour Party, the Liberal Party, and a Residents' Association candidate each won one seat.

Operation Eagle Pull

Operation Eagle Pull was the United States military evacuation by air of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, on 12 April 1975. At the beginning of April 1975, Phnom Penh, one of the last remaining strongholds of the Khmer Republic, was surrounded by the Khmer Rouge and totally dependent on aerial resupply through Pochentong Airport. With a Khmer Rouge victory imminent, the US government made contingency plans for the evacuation of US nationals and allied Cambodians by helicopter to ships in the Gulf of Thailand. Operation Eagle Pull took place on the morning of 12 April 1975 and was a tactical success carried out without any loss of life.

Cambodia

Transbrasil Flight 303

Transbrasil Flight 303 was a scheduled flight from Congonhas-São Paulo Airport in São Paulo, Brazil, to Hercílio Luz International Airport in Florianópolis, Brazil, on 12 April 1980. The Boeing 727-27C crashed on approach to Hercílio Luz International Airport. Only 3 of the 58 people on board survived.

Brazil

1980 Liberian coup d'état

The 1980 Liberian coup d'état happened on April 12, 1980, when President William Tolbert of Liberia was overthrown and murdered in a violent coup. The coup was staged by an indigenous Liberian faction of the Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL) under the command of Master Sergeant Samuel Doe. Following a period of transition, Doe ruled Liberia throughout the 1980s, until his murder in 1990 during the First Liberian Civil War.

At Tiri incident

In April 1980, three Irish Army peacekeeping soldiers serving with the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) were shot by the South Lebanon Army also known as the DFF, near At Tiri, in the South Lebanon security belt, two of whom died and one was seriously injured.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

STS-1

STS-1 (Space Transportation System-1) was the first orbital spaceflight of NASA's Space Shuttle program. The first orbiter, Columbia, launched on April 12, 1981, and returned on April 14, 1981, 54.5 hours later, having orbited the Earth 37 times. Columbia carried a crew of two—commander John W. Young and pilot Robert L. Crippen. It was the first American crewed space flight since the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) in 1975.

Harold Washington is elected as the first black mayor of Chicago

Harold Lee Washington (April 15, 1922 – November 25, 1987) was an American politician and lawyer who was the 51st mayor of Chicago from 1983 until his death in 1987. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first Black person to hold the office. Entering politics as a critic of Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley, Washington served in both houses of the Illinois General Assembly.

Harold Washington was elected as the first African-American mayor of Chicago

The Chicago mayoral election of 1983 began with the primary on February 22, 1983, which was followed by the general on April 12, 1983. The election resulted in the victory of Chicago's first African-American mayor, Harold Washington, over Republican Bernard Epton. Incumbent Mayor Jane Byrne, who had served since April 16, 1979, faced primary challenges from Cook County State's Attorney Richard M. Daley and U.S.

1984 Herut leadership election

The 1984 Herut leadership election was held on 12 April 1984 to elect the leader of the Herut party. It saw the members of Herut's Central Committee reelect Yitzhak Shamir (the incumbent leader and incumbent prime minister), who defeated a challenge from former defense minister Ariel Sharon as well as lawyer Aryeh Chertok. Herut was the main party of the Likud coalition, making its leader also the leader of that coalition.

STS-51-D

STS-51-D was the 16th flight of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the fourth flight of Space Shuttle Discovery. The launch of STS-51-D from Kennedy Space Center (KSC), Florida, on April 12, 1985, was delayed by 55 minutes, after a boat strayed into the restricted Solid Rocket Booster (SRB) recovery zone. STS-51-D was the third shuttle mission to be extended.

Sudanese parliamentary election, 1986

Parliamentary elections were held in Sudan between 1 and 12 April 1986. They were the first multi-party elections in the country since 1968, and saw a victory for the Umma Party, which emerged as the single largest party with 101 of the 260 seats in the National Assembly. No party emerged with a majority. The election took place amidst the Second Sudanese Civil War, and voting was postposed indefinitely in 41 seats in Southern Sudan due to security concerns. Voter turnout was 67.5%.

Sudan

1987 Hokkaido gubernatorial election

A gubernatorial election was held on 12 April 1987 to elect the Governor of Hokkaido Prefecture.

Hokkaido, Japan

1987 Saga gubernatorial election

A gubernatorial election was held on 12 April 1987 to elect the Governor of Saga Prefecture.

Operation Karbala-8

Operation Karbala 8 was an operation which was commenced by Iran on 7 April 1987 with the name code "Ya Saheb al-Zaman" (Arabic: یا صاحب الزمان). Operation Karbala 8 was launched with the goal of destruction of Iraqi forces, and strengthening the obtained positions of operation Karbala 5 in 5 days by Iran in the east of Basrah operation area (Shalamcheh) by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps ground forces.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Iraq

Widerøe Flight 839

Widerøe Flight 839, also known as the Værøy Accident (Norwegian: Værøy-ulykken), was a de Havilland Canada Twin Otter that crashed shortly after takeoff from Værøy Airport in Værøy Municipality in Lofoten, Norway. The accident occurred on 12 April 1990 at 14:44, killing all five people on board. The cause of the accident was strong winds that exceeded the structure's tolerance, causing the tail rudder and tailplane to crack and the aircraft to become uncontrollable.

Norway

Jim Gary's "Twentieth Century Dinosaurs" exhibition opens at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. He is the only sculptor ever invited to present a solo exhibition there

Jim Gary (March 17, 1939 – January 14, 2006) was an American sculptor popularly known for his large, colorful creations of dinosaurs made from discarded automobile parts. These sculptures were typically finished with automobile paint although some were left to develop a natural patina during display outdoors. He was also recognized internationally for his fine, architectural, landscape, and whimsical monumental art as well as abstracts.

1991 Netherlands Antilles island council elections

Island council elections were held in the Netherlands Antilles on 12 April 1991 to elect the members of the island councils of its five island territories. The election was won by the Bonaire Patriotic Union (6 seats) in Bonaire, the National People's Party (10 seats) in Curaçao, the Windward Islands People's Movement (4 seats) in Saba, and the Sint Maarten Patriotic Alliance (4 seats) in Sint Maarten.

Netherlands

Malian presidential election, 1992

Presidential elections were held in Mali on 12 April 1992, with a second round on 26 April. They were the first presidential elections in the country to feature more than one candidate following the reintroduction of multi-party democracy the previous year. The result was a victory for Alpha Oumar Konaré of the Alliance for Democracy in Mali, who defeated Tiéoulé Mamadou Konaté of the Sudanese Union – African Democratic Rally. Voter turnout was 23.6% in the first round and 20.9% in the second.

Mali

1992 Football League Cup final

The 1992 Football League Cup final was a football match played on 12 April 1992 at Wembley Stadium, London, to determine the winner of the 1991–92 Football League Cup, known as the Rumbelows Cup for sponsorship purposes. The match was contested by Manchester United and Nottingham Forest in front of a crowd of 76,810, and finished in a 1–0 victory for Manchester United.

London, United Kingdom

The Euro Disney Resort officially opens with its theme park Euro Disneyland; the resort and its park's name are subsequently changed to Disneyland Resort Paris

Disneyland Park (French: Parc Disneyland), originally Euro Disneyland Park, is a theme park found at Disneyland Paris in Marne-la-Vallée, France. The park opened on 12 April 1992, as the first of the two parks built at the resort. Designed and built by Walt Disney Imagineering, its layout is similar to Disneyland Park at Disneyland Resort in California and Magic Kingdom Park at Walt Disney World in Florida.

Operation Deny Flight

Operation Deny Flight was a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) operation that began on 12 April 1993 as the enforcement of a United Nations (UN) no-fly zone over Bosnia and Herzegovina. The United Nations and NATO later expanded the mission of the operation to include providing close air support for UN troops in Bosnia and carrying out coercive air strikes against targets in Bosnia. Twelve NATO members contributed forces to the operation and, by its end on 20 December 1995, NATO pilots had flown 100,420 sorties. The operation played an important role in shaping both the Bosnian War and NATO.

Croatia

Battle for the Zaglavak Hill

Battle for the Zaglavak Hill also known as Defense of Zaglavak Hill and Operation Zaglavak-93 was an attempt by the ARBiH to take control of Zaglavak Hill and destroy the Serbian forces remaining in the area, as the Serbian brigade had suffered losses and would have been forced to withdraw. Russian Volunteers arrived at the scene of the battle and helped the VRS to defend the hill.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

1994 Long Beach, California, mayoral election

Long Beach, California, held an election for Mayor of Long Beach, California, on April 12, 1994. It saw the election of Beverly O'Neill. The incumbent mayor, Ernie Kell, placed fifth.

1996 attack on Colombo Harbour

On 12 April 1996 a suicide attack was carried out by six Sea Tigers of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) on Colombo Harbour, which is the primary commercial port in Sri Lanka.

Colombo, Sri Lanka

1997 Texas's 28th congressional district special election

After incumbent congressman Frank Tejeda died of brain cancer soon after the congressional elections, a special election was held to fill Texas's 28th congressional district. Since no candidate received an outright majority during the first round on March 15, a special runoff was held on April 12, 1997, which was won by State Representative Ciro Rodriguez.

Texas, United States

1997 United States House of Representatives elections

There were three special elections to the United States House of Representatives in 1997 during the 105th United States Congress. Republicans had a net one-seat gain over the Democrats.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

1997 Coupe de la Ligue final

The 1997 Coupe de la Ligue final was a football match held at Parc des Princes, Paris on 12 April 1997, that saw RC Strasbourg defeat FC Girondins de Bordeaux in a penalty shootout

1998 L.League Cup final

1998 L.League Cup final was the 3rd final of the L.League Cup competition. The final was played at Nihondaira Sports Stadium in Shizuoka on April 12, 1998. Prima Ham FC Kunoichi won the championship.

Grdelica train bombing

(Main article: Civilian casualties during Operation Allied Force) The Grdelica train bombing occurred on 12 April 1999, when two missiles fired by NATO aircraft hit a passenger train while it was passing across a railway bridge over the Južna Morava river at Grdelica gorge, some 300 kilometres (190 mi) south of Belgrade in Serbia. As a result, 14 civilians including children and a pregnant woman were killed and another 16 passengers wounded. The bombing occurred during Operation Allied Force, a NATO operation against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) aimed at forcing the FRY government to end the repression of Albanians in Kosovo.

Serbia

United States President Bill Clinton is cited for contempt of court for giving "intentionally false statements" in a civil lawsuit; he is later fined and disbarred

William Jefferson Clinton (né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American retired politician and lawyer who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the attorney general of Arkansas from 1977 to 1979, the governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981, and governor again from 1983 to 1992.

2000 Guernsey general election

The 2000 Guernsey general election was held on 12 April 2000 to elect 45 members of the States of Guernsey.

Guernsey

2002 Mahane Yehuda Market bombing

A suicide bombing occurred on 12 April 2002 at a bus stop located at the entrance to the Mahane Yehuda Market, Jerusalem's main fruit and vegetable market. The site of the attack was chosen in order to cause maximum number of casualties. 6 civilians were killed in the attack and 104 were injured. The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades claimed responsibility for the attack.

Maltese general election, 2003

General elections were held in Malta on 12 April 2003. The result was a victory for the Nationalist Party, which won 35 of the 65 seats in Parliament.

Malta

2006 Copa del Rey final

The 2006 Copa del Rey final was the 104th final since its establishment. The match took place on 12 April 2006 at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in Madrid. The match was contested by Espanyol and Real Zaragoza, and it was refereed by Medina Cantalejo. Espanyol lifted the trophy for the fourth time in their history with a 4–1 victory.

Madrid, Spain

2007 Iraqi Parliament bombing

On 12 April 2007, the canteen of the Council of Representatives of Iraq building was attacked by a suicide bomber, killing one to eight people and wounding 23 others. The attack, in the heavily fortified Green Zone of Baghdad, occurred ten minutes after the Council of Representatives had adjourned for lunch. It was on the first floor of the Baghdad Convention Center, which houses the parliament.

2007 Machap by-election

The 2007 Machap by-election was held on 12 April 2007. The seat in the state assembly of Malacca, Malaysia, fell vacant after the incumbent, Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam of the Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA), died on 15 March that year. On 21 March 2007, the Election Commission of Malaysia (EC) announced 3 April 2007 as the nomination day and 12 April 2007 the election date.

First and second battles of Kakarak

The First and Second Battles of Kakarak (16 March – 12 April 2009) were fought near the village of Kakarak in the West Dorafshan district of Orūzgān Province, in southern Afghanistan. The fighting took place between Australian forces from the 1st Mentoring and Reconstruction Task Force (MRTF-1) and Taliban fighters, with the area considered to be one of the last Taliban outposts in the area.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Afghanistan

Maersk Alabama hijacking

On 8 April 2009, four pirates in the Somali Basin seized the Danish/U.S. cargo ship Maersk Alabama at a distance of 240 nautical miles (440 km; 280 mi) southeast of Eyl, Somalia. The siege ended after a rescue effort by the United States Navy on 12 April. At the time of the hijacking, Maersk Alabama was owned by the Danish shipping company Maersk Line.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Merano derailment

The Merano derailment occurred on 12 April 2010 when a train derailed between Latsch and Kastelbell, near Merano, Italy, after running into a landslide, causing nine deaths and injuring 28 people.

Italy

2012 Guinea-Bissau coup d'état

On 12 April 2012, a coup d'état in Guinea-Bissau was staged by elements of the armed forces about two weeks before the second round of a presidential election between Carlos Gomes Júnior and Kumba Ialá. The coup started in the evening with military personnel and equipment making its way onto the streets, followed by the state-owned media being taken off-air. Both second-round candidates and the incumbent president were initially arrested by the junta. Members of the Military Council, which ran the country until an interim National Transitional Council was established on 15 April, said that one of the reasons for the coup was the incumbent civilian administration's call for Angolan help to reform the military.

Guinea-Bissau

2013 Kidal suicide attack

On 12 April 2013, four Chadian soldiers were killed, and five civilians were injured, in an attack by two suicide bombers, in Mali.

Mali

Torneo Gran Alternativa (2013)

The Torneo Gran Alternativa (2013) was a professional wrestling tournament event produced by Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) that took place from April 12 until April 26, 2013 over the course of two CMLL Super Viernes shows, with the finals on the Arena Mexico 57th Anniversary Show. The Torneo Gran Alternativa (Spanish for "the Great Alternative tournament) concept sees a Novato or rookie team up with an experienced wrestler for a tag team tournament.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Mexico

Siege of Sloviansk

The Siege of Sloviansk was an operation by the Armed Forces of Ukraine to recapture the city of Sloviansk in Donetsk Oblast from pro-Russian insurgents who had captured it on 12 April 2014. The city was recaptured on 5 July 2014 after shelling from artillery and heavy fighting. On 12 April 2014, as unrest grew in eastern Ukraine following the 2014 Ukrainian revolution, masked men in fatigues, armed with Kalashnikov assault rifles, captured the city administration building. These men, who claimed to be pro-Russian fighters under the banner of the Donetsk People's Republic, subsequently gained control of the rest of Sloviansk and began to fortify it.

Sloviansk, Ukraine

Sikkim Legislative Assembly election, 2014

The election was held on 12 April 2014 for 7th assembly of Sikkim, the northeastern state of India. It elected 32 members of Sikkim Legislative Assembly.

India

Niuean general election, 2014

Parliamentary elections were held in Niue on 12 April 2014. Candidates supportive of the government of Premier Toke Talagi won 12 of the 20 seats.

Niue

Great Fire of Valparaíso

The Great Fire of Valparaíso (Spanish: Gran Incendio de Valparaíso) started on 12 April 2014 at 16:40 local time (19:40 UTC), in the hills of the city of Valparaíso, Chile. The fire destroyed at least 2,500 homes, leaving 11,000 people homeless. An additional 6,000 people were evacuated from the city, which was placed on red alert and declared a disaster zone.

Chile

2014 Indian general election in Tripura

The 2014 Indian general election polls in Tripura for 2 Lok Sabha seats was held in two phases on 7 and 12 April 2014. As of 7 February 2014, the total voter strength of Tripura is 2,379,541. The main political parties in Tripura are Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) and Indian National Congress (INC).

India

2014 Indian general election in Sikkim

The 2014 Indian general election in Sikkim was held for the lone Lok Sabha seat in the state. The voting process was held in a single phase on 12 April 2014.

India

2014 Blain by-election

A by-election for the seat of Blain in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly was held on 12 April 2014. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Country Liberal Party (CLP) member and former Northern Territory Chief Minister Terry Mills. Mills resigned in reaction to being removed as CLP leader and Chief Minister in March 2013 in a party room coup by Adam Giles.

2015 Kwara State gubernatorial election

The 2015 Kwara State gubernatorial election occurred in Nigeria on April 12, 2015. Incumbent APC Governor Abdulfatah Ahmed won re-election for a second term, defeating PDP Simon Ajibola and 15 other party candidates. Abdulfatah Ahmed won the primary election after he was returned as the sole candidate. He picked Kayode Alabi as his running mate.

Nigeria

2015 Hokkaido gubernatorial election

A gubernatorial election was held on 12 April 2015 to elect the Governor of Hokkaido Prefecture.

Hokkaido, Japan

2015 Kanagawa gubernatorial election

The 2015 Kanagawa gubernatorial election was held on 12 April 2015 in order to elect the Governor of Kanagawa. Incumbent Independent Governor Yūji Kuroiwa won re-election against Independent candidate Hajime Okamoto.

MLW The World Championship Finals

The World Championship Finals was a professional wrestling event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW), which took place on April 12, 2018 at the Gilt Nightclub in Orlando, Florida. The event served as a television taping for the promotion's newly-launched television series, MLW Fusion, which would premiere on beIN Sports USA later that month on April 20.

Florida, United States

CMLL Torneo Nacional de Parejas Increíbles (2019)

The CMLL Torneo Nacional de Parejas Increíbles (2019) or the National Incredible Pairs Tournament (2019) was a tag team Lucha Libre tournament held by the Mexican wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). The tournament is based on the Lucha Libre Parejas Increíbles match concept, which pairs two wrestlers of opposite allegiance, one portraying a villain, referred to as a "rudo" in Lucha Libre wrestling terminology, and one portraying a fan favorites, or "técnico".

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

Mexico

2021 Garo Hills Autonomous District Council election

Elections to the Garo Hills Autonomous District Council (GHADC) were held on 12 April 2021. There were 743,000 eligible voters in the elections. The votes were counted on 15 April 2021.

India

2021 Yukon general election

The 2021 Yukon general election was held on April 12, 2021, to return members of the 35th Yukon Legislative Assembly. The election resulted in no majority where the incumbent governing Yukon Liberal Party and the opposition Yukon Party won 8 seats each, while the Yukon New Democratic Party held the remaining 3. As the incumbent party given the first opportunity to form government, a Liberal minority government was sworn in on April 23, 2021.

2022 Sioux Falls mayoral election

The 2022 Sioux Falls mayoral election took place on April 12, 2022. Incumbent Mayor Paul TenHaken, first elected in 2018, ran for re-election to a second term. He faced two challengers: immigration attorney Taneeza Islam, who was one of the first Muslim candidates in the state history, and local activist David Zokaites. TenHaken defeated both in a landslide, winning 73 percent of the vote to Islam's 25 percent and Zokaites's 2 percent.

South Dakota, United States

PFL 2 (2024)

The PFL 2 mixed martial arts event for the 2024 season of the Professional Fighters League was held on April 12, 2024, at The Theater at Virgin Hotels in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. This marked the second regular-season event of the tournament and included fights in the Lightweight and Light Heavyweight divisions.

Las Vegas, United States

Windy City Riot (2024)

Windy City Riot (2024) was a professional wrestling event produced by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). The event took place on April 12, 2024, at the Wintrust Arena in Chicago, Illinois. It was the second event under the Windy City Riot chronology. Eleven matches were contested at the event, including two on the pre-show. In the main event, Jon Moxley defeated Tetsuya Naito to win the IWGP World Heavyweight Championship.

Chicago, United States · Illinois, United States

2025 Gabonese presidential election

A presidential election was held in Gabon on 12 April 2025. They were the first election in the country since the Bongo dynasty was overthrown in the 2023 coup after 56 years in power. Incumbent transitional president Brice Oligui Nguema ran as an Independent, under his Rally of Builders platform. Voter turnout was 70%, the highest since 1993, the first multi-party elections.

Gabon

UFC 314

UFC 314: Volkanovski vs. Lopes was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on April 12, 2025, at the Kaseya Center in Miami, Florida, United States.

Miami, United States

2025 Indian Super League final

2025 Indian Super League Cup final was the final match of the 2025 ISL Cup playoffs. It was played on 12 April 2025 between Mohun Bagan SG and Bengaluru at Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan in Kolkata. Both Mohun Bagan and Bengaluru were appearing in their fourth ISL Cup Final. Mohun Bagan won 2–1 after extra time to clinch their second ISL Cup title and complete a league and cup double.

2025 OFC Men's Champions League final

The 2025 OFC Men's Champions League final was the final match of the 2025 OFC Men's Champions League, the 24th edition of the Oceanian Club Championship, Oceania's premier club football tournament organized by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC), and the 19th season under the current OFC Men's Champions League name. The final was a single match between New Zealand's Auckland City and Papua New Guinea's Hekari United. The match took place at the National Stadium in Honiara on 12 April 2025.

2026 Hungarian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 12 April 2026 to elect all 199 members of the National Assembly. It was the 10th parliamentary election and the highest-turnout election since Hungary's transition to democracy in 1990. The incumbent Fidesz–KDNP government of Prime Minister Viktor Orbán was defeated in a landslide by the opposition Tisza Party, led by MEP and former Fidesz member Péter Magyar, ending the 16-year Orbán era.

Hungary

2026 Beninese presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Benin on 12 April 2026, following the 11 January parliamentary elections conducted in accordance with the national electoral code. President Patrice Talon, serving his second and final constitutional term, had maintained that he would not seek a constitutional amendment to pursue re-election. The contest, which international observers characterized as neither free nor fair, resulted in a landslide victory for Finance Minister Romuald Wadagni, who officially secured more than 94% of the vote.

Benin