7月12日发生过什么？

King Æthelstan of England secured the submission of four northern rulers: Constantine II of Scotland, Hywel Dda of Deheubarth, Ealdred I of Bamburgh, and Owain ap Dyfnwal of Strathclyde, leading to seven years of peace

Æthelstan or Athelstan (; Old English: Æðelstān [ˈæðelstɑːn]; Old Norse: Aðalsteinn; lit. 'noble stone'; c. 894 – 27 October 939) was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 and King of the English from 927 to his death in 939. He was the son of King Edward the Elder and his first wife, Ecgwynn. Modern historians regard him as the first King of England and one of the "greatest Anglo-Saxon kings".

Siege of Tripoli

The siege of Tripoli lasted from 1102 until 12 July 1109. It took place on the site of the present day Lebanese city of Tripoli, in the aftermath of the First Crusade. It led to the establishment of the fourth Crusader state, the County of Tripoli.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Siege of Acre (1189–1191)

The siege of Acre was the first significant counterattack by Guy of Jerusalem against Saladin, Sultan of Egypt and Syria. This pivotal siege formed part of what later became known as the Third Crusade. The siege lasted from August 1189 until July 1191, at which time the city's coastal position meant the attacking Latin forces were unable to fully capture the city and Saladin was unable to fully relieve it, with both sides receiving supplies and resources by sea.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Israel

Accession of Minamoto no Yoritomo

Minamoto no Yoritomo (源 頼朝; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲi.na.mo.to no (|) jo.ɾʲi.to.mo], May 9, 1147 – February 9, 1199) was a samurai, daimyo and the founder and the first shogun of the Kamakura shogunate, ruling from 1192 until 1199, also the first shogun in the history of Japan to hold de-facto power over Japan. He was married to Hōjō Masako, who acted as regent (shikken) after his death.

Battle of Sant'Egidio

The Battle of Sant'Egidio was fought on 12 July 1416 at Sant'Egidio, near Umbertide (central Italy) between the condottiere Braccio da Montone and the troops of Perugia, under Carlo I Malatesta. Braccio's victory resulted in his long-desired conquest of Perugia, of which he became lord. The battle lasted for 7 hours and saw the massive use of heavy cavalry. Braccio used his famous tactics of using repeated cavalry assaults carried on by smaller units, seeking for weak spots in the enemy's line. This also allowed his troops time to refresh, as the battle was fought under an implacable sun.

Umbertide, Italy

Siege of Negroponte (1470)

The siege of Negroponte was fought between the forces of the Ottoman Empire, led by Sultan Mehmed II in person, and the garrison of the Venetian colony of Negroponte (Chalcis), the capital of the Venetian possession of Euboea in Central Greece. The Ottoman sultan Mehmed II laid siege to the fortress at Negroponte.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Hartmann Schedel's Nuremberg Chronicle, one of the best-documented early printed books, is published

The Nuremberg Chronicle is an illustrated encyclopedia consisting of world historical accounts, as well as accounts told through biblical paraphrase. Subjects include human history in relation to the Bible, illustrated mythological creatures, and the histories of important Christian and secular cities from antiquity. Finished in 1493, it was originally written in Latin by Hartmann Schedel, and a German version was translated by Georg Alt.

Battle of Abancay

The Battle of Abancay took place during the Spanish conquest of Peru. Alonso de Alvarado, sent by Francisco Pizarro to relieve the siege of Cusco, was camped at Jauja with five hundred men. He guarded the bridge and a ford on the Rio de Abancay, awaiting Almagro's men. However, the soldier Alvarado placed in command of the ford, Pedro de Lerma, deserted, allowing Almagro to capture Alvarado's force almost intact.

Peru

Italian War of 1542–1546

The Italian War of 1542–1546 was a conflict late in the Italian Wars, pitting Francis I of France and Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire against the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Henry VIII of England. The course of the war saw extensive fighting in Italy, France, and the Low Countries, as well as attempted invasions of Spain and England.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

France · Italy · Spain

Action of 12 July 1564

The action of 12 July 1564 was an engagement between naval forces of Denmark-Norway and Sweden during the Northern Seven Years' War. This battle took place on 12 July 1564 near Warnemünde, when the Danish ships Byens Løffue 56, Morian 47, and David 42 defeated the Swedish ship Hvita Falk, under Captain Björnson, after several hours of fighting.

Battle of Rajmahal

The Battle of Rajmahal (Bengali: রাজমহলের যুদ্ধ) took place between the Mughal Empire and the Karrani Dynasty that ruled the Sultanate of Bengal in the 16th century. The battle resulted in a decisive victory for the Mughals. During the battle, the last Sultan of Bengal, Daud Khan Karrani, was captured and later executed by the Mughals.

Battle of Danghangpo

The Battle of Danghangpo was a naval engagement during the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) that resulted in Korean victory.

Battle of Aughrim

The Battle of Aughrim (Irish: Cath Eachroma) was the decisive battle of the Williamite War in Ireland. It was fought between the Jacobites and the forces of William III on 12 July 1691 (old style, equivalent to 22 July new style), near the village of Aughrim, County Galway. The battle was one of the more bloody recorded fought on Irish soil – over 7,000 people were killed. It meant the effective end of Jacobitism in Ireland, although the city of Limerick held out until the autumn of 1691.

Ireland

1704 Polish–Lithuanian royal election

The 1704 Polish–Lithuanian royal election was an election to decide on the new candidate for the Polish–Lithuanian throne.

Nova Scotia in the American Revolution

Nova Scotia during the American Revolution was an important factor in the British war effort. The most northern British colony on the Atlantic coast of North America, the Province of Nova Scotia did not join with the Thirteen Colonies, which fought for independence, achieving it with aid from European allies.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Cedar Springs

Battle of Cedar Springs, also called the Battle of Cedar Spring reportedly skirmishes that happened twice near what is now Spartanburg, South Carolina during the American Revolutionary War. The first happened on July 12, 1780, and there is a question about whether that happened at all, or if so on that night and site. Another Battle of Cedar Springs occurred at a different site.

South Carolina, United States

Huck's Defeat

Huck's Defeat or the Battle of Williamson's Plantation was one of the first Patriot victories of the southern campaign of the American Revolutionary War. On July 12, 1780, about 250 Patriot militia surprised half their number of Loyalists bivouacked with lax security in York County, South Carolina. Attacked from three sides, the Loyalists were overwhelmed by Patriots seeking revenge for perceived ill treatment, and many were killed without mercy.

United States

Bombardment of Algiers (1784)

The bombardment of Algiers took place between 12 and 21 July 1784. A joint Spanish-Neapolitan-Maltese-Portuguese fleet commanded by the Spanish Admiral Antonio Barceló bombarded the city, which was the main base of the Barbary corsairs, with the aim of forcing them to interrupt their activities. The second bombardment followed a similarly failed expedition the preceding year.

Civil Constitution of the Clergy

The Civil Constitution of the Clergy (French: "Constitution civile du clergé") was a law passed on 12 July 1790 during the French Revolution, that subordinated the Roman Catholic Church in France to the French government. It is often stated this law confiscated the Church's French land holdings or banned monastic vows: that had already been accomplished by earlier legislation. It did, however, complete the destruction of the monastic orders, legislating out of existence "all regular and secular chapters for either sex, abbacies and priorships, both regular and in commendam, for either sex", etc.

France

Siege of Condé (1793)

The siege of Condé (8 April – 12 July 1793) saw a force made up of Habsburg Austrians and French Royalists commanded by Duke Ferdinand Frederick Augustus of Württemberg lay siege to a Republican French garrison led by Jean Nestor de Chancel. After a blockade lasting about three months the French surrendered the fortress.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

France

Second Battle of Algeciras

The Second Battle of Algeciras (also known as the Battle of the Gut of Gibraltar) was fought on 12 July 1801 between a Royal Navy squadron and a larger Spanish and French squadron in the Gut of Gibraltar during the Algeciras campaign of the war of the Second Coalition.

Battle of Llanos de Santa Juana

The Battle of Llanos de Santa Juana took place during the War of Mexican Independence on 12 July 1811 in the area around Cuauhtémoc, Colima known as Llanos de Santa Juana. The battle was fought between the royalist forces loyal to the Spanish crown and the Mexican rebels fighting for independence from the Spanish Empire.

Mexico

Battle of Aqbulak

The Battle of Aqbulak was a battle took place 12 July 1838 near Aqbulak river during uprising of Isatay Taymanuly. Russia's Orenburg and Ural Cossacks with Bashkir loyalist under colonel Carl Hecke fight against Kazakh insurgents and inflicted a crushing defeat on them, killing the leader of the uprising.

Kazakhstan

1840 Fiji expedition

The Fiji Expedition of 1840 was an exploring and surveying expedition, which itself was a part of the wider United States Exploring Expedition (a.k.a. the Wilkes expedition or the U.S. Ex. Ex.) that occurred from May 4 to August 11, 1840. It produced several scientific and cultural breakthroughs in realms such as cartography, oceanography, volcanology, anthropology, ethnography, ethnology, philology, linguistics, geology, taxonomy, trade, diplomacy, toponymy, epidemiology, pathology and Christian missionary work.

Fiji

Burning of Solevu and Tye

The Burning of Solevu and Tye was the first of two punitive expeditions that during the 1840 Fiji expedition of the overall United States Exploring Expedition (a.k.a. the Wilkes Expedition or the Ex. Ex.) between the United States Navy and Marine Corps vs the aforementioned Fijian villages. The catalyst for the burning occurred when a two boat American survey party led by Lieutenant Oliver Hazard Perry, Jr. (of the Perry Family) and passed midshipman Samuel R.

Fiji

1844 Salford Borough Council election

Elections to Salford Borough Council were held on Friday, 12 July 1844. This was the first local election held in Salford since it had been incorporated under the provisions of the Municipal Corporations Act 1835. As this was the first election to the council, all seats for each of the four wards were up for election. Each ward elected six councillors.

England, United Kingdom

Second Italian War of Independence

The Second Italian War of Independence was fought by the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia against the Austrian Empire in 1859 and played a crucial part in the process of Italian Unification. A year prior to the war, in the Plombières Agreement, France agreed to support Sardinia's efforts to expel Austria from Italy in return for territorial compensation in the form of the Duchy of Savoy and the County of Nice.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Italy

Skirmish at Cedar Lane

The Skirmish at Cedar Lane was a Civil War skirmish fought near Newport News, Virginia on July 12, 1861, as part of the operations on the Virginia Peninsula. The skirmish was the first Civil War combat, and first victory, of future Confederate General John Bell Hood.

Virginia, United States

Establishment of Medal of Honor

The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the highest military decoration of the United States Armed Forces and is awarded to recognize American soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen, guardians, and coast guardsmen who have distinguished themselves by acts of valor. The medal is normally awarded by the President of the United States (the commander in chief of the armed forces) and is presented "in the name of Congress."

Battle of Kock's Plantation

The Battle of Kock’s Plantation (also spelled Cox’s Plantation and Saint Emma Plantation) was a battle fought July 12–13, 1863, in Ascension Parish, Louisiana, during the American Civil War. It was part of a campaign entitled "Taylor's Operations in West Louisiana (1863)." The Confederate States Army victory left them in control of much of the interior of the Acadiana region. Following the surrender of Port Hudson, two Union divisions were shifted to Donaldsonville by transports, to move inland and pacify the interior. They marched up Bayou Lafourche, a division on each bank. Confederate Brig. Gen.

Ascension Parish, Louisiana, United States

Invasion of the Waikato

The invasion of the Waikato became the largest and most important campaign of the 19th-century New Zealand Wars. Hostilities took place in the North Island of New Zealand between the military forces of the colonial government and a federation of Māori tribes known as the Kingitanga Movement. The Waikato is a territorial region with a northern boundary somewhat south of the present-day city of Auckland.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

New Zealand

1874 Portuguese legislative election

Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 12 July 1874.

Portugal

Battle of La Pedrera

The Battle of La Pedrera was a conflict between Peru and Colombia that took place from 10–12 July 1911 in a disputed area surrounding the Putumayo River as part of a larger territorial dispute between both countries.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

1910–11 United States Senate elections

The 1910–11 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were primarily chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1910 and 1911, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

Siege of Vidin (1913)

The siege of Vidin was an attempt by the Serbian Army to seize the Bulgarian city of Vidin during the Second Balkan War. The siege took place between 12 and 18 July 1913.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Bulgaria

The Second Revolution breaks out against the Beiyang government, as Li Liejun proclaims Jiangxi independent from the Republic of China

The Beiyang government (Chinese: 北洋政府; pinyin: Běiyáng Zhèngfǔ; Wade–Giles: Pei-yang Chêng-fu) was the internationally recognized government of the Republic of China between 1912 and 1928, based in Beijing. It was dominated by Yuan Shikai and the other generals of his Beiyang Army, hence the name. After the 1911 Revolution, Sun Yat-sen relinquished the presidency of the Republic of China to Yuan, the most powerful Qing general, in order to secure a peaceful abdication of the Qing court.

Second Revolution (Republic of China)

The Second Revolution (Chinese: 二次革命; pinyin: Èrcì Gémìng) was a failed 1913 revolt by the governors of several southern Chinese provinces and supporters of Sun Yat-sen's Kuomintang (KMT) against the Beiyang government of the Republic of China, led by Yuan Shikai. It was quickly defeated by Yuan's armies and led to the continued consolidation of Yuan's powers as President of the Republic of China.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

People's Republic of China

Bisbee Deportation

The Bisbee Deportation was the illegal kidnapping and deportation of about 1,300 striking mine workers, their supporters, and citizen bystanders by 2,000 members of a deputized posse, who arrested them beginning on July 12, 1917, in Bisbee, Arizona. The action was orchestrated by Phelps Dodge, the major mining company in the area, which provided lists of workers and others who were to be arrested to the Cochise County sheriff, Harry C.

United States

Manchu Restoration

The Manchu Restoration or Dingsi Restoration (Chinese: 丁巳復辟), also known as Zhang Xun Restoration (simplified Chinese: 张勋复辟; traditional Chinese: 張勳復辟), or Xuantong Restoration (simplified Chinese: 宣统复辟; traditional Chinese: 宣統復辟), was an attempt to restore the Chinese monarchy by General Zhang Xun, whose army seized Beijing and briefly reinstalled the last emperor of the Qing dynasty, Puyi, to the throne.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

People's Republic of China

Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty

The Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty, also known as the Moscow Peace Treaty, was signed between Lithuania and Soviet Russia on July 12, 1920. In exchange for Lithuania's neutrality and permission to move its troops in the territory that was recognised during its war against Poland, Soviet Russia recognized the sovereignty of Lithuania. The treaty was a major milestone in Lithuania's struggle for international recognition and recognised Lithuania's eastern borders.

1921 Miami mayoral election

The 1921 Miami mayoral election took place on July 12, 1921, to elect the mayor of Miami, Florida. This was an off-year election. Incumbent W.P. Smith was not on the ballot. Instead, 10 other candidates vied for seats on the city council, which would lead to the selection of a mayor. The city charter was amended earlier that year to adopt the commission-manager form of government.

Miami, United States

Battle of Beirut (1941)

The Battle of Beirut (12 July 1941) marked the end of hostilities in the Syria-Lebanon campaign of World War II. The campaign saw the initial Allied deployment of 2 brigades of the Australian 7th Division, a brigade from the 1st British Cavalry Division, the 5th Indian Infantry Brigade which was deployed immediately from Eritrea after the surrender of the Duke of Aosta, several armoured and air units of the British 6th Division, a special commando force (C battalion of the Special Service Brigade) and 6 battalions of the 1st Free French Division.

Beirut, Lebanon

1942 Taça de Portugal final

The 1942 Taça de Portugal final was the final match of the 1941–42 Taça de Portugal, the 4th season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The match was played on 12 July 1942 at the Estádio do Lumiar in Lisbon, and opposed two Primeira Liga sides: Belenenses and Vitória de Guimarães.

Lisbon, Portugal

Operation Chestnut

During World War II, Operation Chestnut was a failed British raid by 2 Special Air Service, conducted in support of the Allied invasion of Sicily. Two teams of ten men each, codenamed 'Pink' and 'Brig', parachuted into northern Sicily on the night of 12 July 1943, to disrupt communications, transport and the enemy in general. All radios were broken and much ammunition, explosives and food were lost in the jump. One team landed near an inhabited area, alerting the defenders. Without radios neither team was able to contact and direct the planes bringing in reinforcements, which subsequently returned to base without any drops being made.

Sicily, Italy

Battle of Prokhorovka

The Battle of Prokhorovka was fought on 12 July 1943 near Prokhorovka, 87 kilometres (54 mi) southeast of Kursk, in the Soviet Union, during the Second World War. Taking place on the Eastern Front, the engagement was part of the wider Battle of Kursk and occurred when the 5th Guards Tank Army of the Soviet Red Army attacked the II SS-Panzer Corps of the German Waffen-SS in one of the largest tank battles in history.

Prokhorovka, Belgorod Oblast, Russia

Battle of Gela (1943)

The amphibious Battle of Gela was the opening engagement of the American portion of the Allied Invasion of Sicily during World War II. United States Navy ships landed United States Army troops along the eastern end of the south coast of Sicily; and withstood attacks by Luftwaffe and Regia Aeronautica aircraft while defending the beachhead against attacks by Livorno Division and German Göring Division tanks until the US Army captured the Ponte Olivo Airfield for use by United States Army Air Forces planes.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Italy

1945 Australian Labor Party leadership election

The Australian Labor Party held a leadership election on 12 July 1945, following the death of Prime Minister John Curtin. Treasurer Ben Chifley won an absolute majority on the first ballot, defeating three other candidates: deputy leader and interim prime minister Frank Forde, navy minister Norman Makin, and attorney-general Herbert Evatt.

Australia

Campaign along the Southern Section of Datong–Puzhou Railway

Campaign along the Southern Section of the Datong-Puzhou Railway (Chinese: 同蒲路南段战役) was a campaign fought between the nationalists and the communists during the Chinese Civil War in the post-World War II era and resulted in the communist victory.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

People's Republic of China

Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion orders the expulsion of Palestinians from the towns of Lod and Ramla

David Ben-Gurion ( ben GOOR-ee-ən; Hebrew: דָּוִד בֶּן־גּוּרִיּוֹן [daˈvid ben ɡuʁˈjon] ; born David Grün; 16 October 1886 – 1 December 1973) was the primary national founder and first prime minister of the State of Israel. As head of the Jewish Agency from 1935, and later president of the Jewish Agency Executive, he was the de facto leader of the Jewish community in Palestine, and largely led the movement for an independent Jewish state in Mandatory Palestine.

7th Locarno Film Festival

The 7th Locarno Film Festival was held from 2 July to 12 July 1953 in Locarno, Switzerland. This was the first time the festival had a films for tourism section The festival was also notable for screening films from three countries under Soviet influence, the Soviet Union (Russia), Hungary, and Czechoslovakia, despite many European festivals admitting no films from the Soviet bloc during this period.

This entry records the closing, as dated in the source infobox.

Switzerland

ČSA Flight 511 (July 1961)

ČSA Flight 511 was a flight operated by an Ilyushin Il-18 that crashed near Casablanca-Anfa Airport in Morocco on July 12, 1961. All 72 people on board were killed. The cause of the crash remains undetermined.

Morocco

Battle of Babang

The Battle of Babang (12 July 1965) was the fourth and last in a series of successful ambushes conducted between in May and July 1965 by Australian troops from 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR), this time at Babang in Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo), during the Indonesia-Malaysia Confrontation.

Kalimantan, Indonesia

1972 Bulgarian Cup final

The 1972 Bulgarian Cup final was the 32nd final of the Bulgarian Cup (in this period the tournament was named Cup of the Soviet Army), and was contested between CSKA Sofia and Slavia Sofia on 12 July 1972 at Vasil Levski National Stadium in Sofia. CSKA won the final 3–0.

National Personnel Records Center fire

The National Personnel Records Center fire of 1973, also referred to as the 1973 National Archives fire was a fire that occurred at the United States National Personnel Records Center (NPRC) in Overland, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis, on July 12, 1973, striking a severe blow to the National Archives and Records Administration of the United States.

Missouri, United States

1975 South Australian state election

State elections were held in South Australia on 12 July 1975. All 47 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly were up for election. The incumbent Australian Labor Party led by Premier of South Australia Don Dunstan won a third term in government, defeating the Liberal Party of Australia led by Leader of the Opposition Bruce Eastick.

1975 Cupa României final

The 1975 Cupa României final was the 37th final of Romania's most prestigious football cup competition. It was disputed between Rapid București and Universitatea Craiova, and was won by Rapid București after a game with 3 goals, in extra time. It was the 9th cup for Rapid București. Rapid București became the fourth club representing Divizia B which won the Romanian Cup final, after Metalul Reșița in 1954, Arieșul Turda in 1961 and Chimia Râmnicu Vâlcea in 1973.

São Tomé and Príncipe declare independence from Portugal

São Tomé and Príncipe, officially the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, is an island country in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa. It consists of two archipelagos around the two main islands of São Tomé and Príncipe, about 81 nautical miles (150 km; 93 mi) apart and about 135 and 121 nautical miles (250 and 224 km; 155 and 139 mi) off the northwestern coast of Gabon.

Attack on Tichla (1979)

The Attack on Tichla took place on July 12, 1979, in the town of Tichla, in Western Sahara. It marked the final engagement between Mauritania and Polisario before the peace treaty in Algiers and Mauritania's withdrawal from the Western Sahara War.

Western Sahara

The Gilbert Islands gained independence as the Republic of Kiribati on 12 July 1979

Kiribati, officially the Republic of Kiribati, is an archipelagic country spanning the Micronesia and Polynesia sub-regions of Oceania in the central Pacific Ocean. The state comprises 32 atolls and other islands and one remote raised coral island, Banaba. Its total land area is 811 km2 (313 sq mi) dispersed over 3,441,810 km2 (1,328,890 sq mi) of ocean.

1982 Indian presidential election

The Election Commission of India held indirect eighth presidential elections of India on 12 July 1982. Zail Singh with 754,113 votes won over his nearest rival Hans Raj Khanna who got 282,685 votes. Zail Singh was the first and till date only Sikh to be the President of India.

India

1985 Arab Cup final

The 1985 Arab Cup final was a football match that took place on 12 July 1985, at the King Fahd Stadium in Ta'if, Saudi Arabia, to determine the winner of the 1985 Arab Cup. Iraq B defeated Bahrain 1–0, with Anad Abid scoring for Iraq, to help it win the tournament. Iraq played with the B team in the tournament.

Saudi Arabia

14th Moscow International Film Festival

The 14th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 28 June to 12 July 1985. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Soviet film Come and See directed by Elem Klimov, the American film A Soldier's Story directed by Norman Jewison and the Greek film The Descent of the Nine directed by Christos Siopahas.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

1987 Copa América final

The 1987 Copa América final was the final match to decide the champion of the 1987 Copa América, the 33rd. edition of this continental competition. It was held on July 12, 1987, in Estadio Monumental in Buenos Aires. Uruguay beat Chile 1–0, achieving their 13th Copa América title.

Buenos Aires, Argentina

1987 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final

The 1987 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final was a hurling match played on 12 July 1987 at Semple Stadium, Thurles, County Tipperary. It was contested by Tipperary and Cork. The final finished in a draw, with a scoreline of 1-18 each. Tipperary, captained by Richard Stakelum and managed by Babs Keating, won the replay by 4–22 to 1–22 (after extra-time) a week later in Killarney, to claim their first Munster Senior title since 1971.

The Great American Bash (1992)

The 1992 Great American Bash was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). It was the fourth annual Great American Bash under the WCW banner and the eighth annual Great American Bash event overall. The event took place on July 12, 1992, at the Albany Civic Center in Albany, Georgia. It was the last Great American Bash held until 1995.

United States

18th Moscow International Film Festival

The 18th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 1 to 12 July 1993. The Golden St. George was awarded to the French-Belarusian film Me Ivan, You Abraham directed by Yolande Zauberman.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Russia

1995 Myanmar–China earthquake

The 1995 Menglian earthquake or Myanmar–China earthquake occurred on 12 July at 05:46 local time in the Myanmar–China border region. The earthquake had an epicenter on the Myanmar side of the border, located in the mountainous region of Shan State. It registered 7.3 on the Chinese surface-wave magnitude scale (Ms) and 6.8 on the moment magnitude scale (Mw).

Chinese seismologists successfully predict the 1995 Myanmar–China earthquake, reducing the number of casualties to 11.

UFC 10

UFC 10: The Tournament was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) on July 12, 1996, at the Fairgrounds Arena in Birmingham, Alabama. The event was seen live on pay per view in the United States, and later released on home video. A fictional UFC 10, staged at the Grand Olympic Auditorium, is featured during one scene in the film Virtuosity, including an appearance from fighter Ken Shamrock.

Alabama, United States · Birmingham, Alabama, United States

UEFA Women's Euro 1997 final

The final of UEFA Women's Euro 1997 was held on 12 July 1997 at Ullevaal Stadion, Oslo, Norway. Germany won the match, beating Italy 2–0.

Norway

Japanese House of Councillors election, 1998

Elections for the Japanese House of Councillors were held in Japan on July 12, 1998. The LDP under Ryūtarō Hashimoto had restored single-party government in 1996 and was now aiming to also regain clear control of the House of Councillors where it was several seats short of a majority. Instead, it lost 13 seats in the election giving the opposition clear control. Prime minister Hashimoto resigned. Keizō Obuchi was elected LDP president on July 24, defeating Seiroku Kajiyama and Junichirō Koizumi. On July 30, 1998, Obuchi was designated as prime minister by the Diet against the vote of the House of Councillors where DPJ president Naoto Kan beat Obuchi by 142 to 103 votes.

Japan

1998 FIFA World Cup final

The final match of the 1998 FIFA World Cup, the 16th edition of the quadrennial football competition organised by FIFA for the men's national teams of its member associations, was played at the Stade de France in Paris, France, on 12 July 1998, and was contested by defending champions Brazil and hosts France.

France

Bash at the Beach (1998)

The 1998 Bash at the Beach was the fifth Bash at the Beach professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). It took place on July 12, 1998, from Cox Arena in San Diego, California. The main event of the evening was the tag team match between Hollywood Hulk Hogan & Chicago Bulls star Dennis Rodman taking on Diamond Dallas Page & Utah Jazz star Karl Malone, less than a month after Rodman and Malone clashed in the 1998 NBA Finals.

San Diego, United States

1998 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final

The 1998 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final (sponsored by Guinness) was a hurling match played on 12 July 1998 at Semple Stadium, Thurles, County Tipperary. It was contested by Clare and Waterford. The final finished in a draw, with a scoreline of 1-16 for Clare, 3-10 for Waterford. Clare, captained by Anthony Daly and managed by Ger Loughnane, won the replay a week later on a scoreline of 2-16 to 0-10.

The finals tournament was held in France from 10 June to 12 July 1998

The 1998 FIFA World Cup was the 16th FIFA World Cup, the football world championship for men's national teams. The finals tournament was held in France from 10 June to 12 July 1998. The country was chosen as the host nation by FIFA for the second time in the history of the tournament (the first was in 1938), defeating Morocco in the bidding process.

STS-104

STS-104 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis. Its primary objectives were to install the Quest Joint Airlock and help perform maintenance on the International Space Station. It launched on 12 July 2001 at 09:04 UTC, and returned to Earth without incident after successful docking, equipment installation, and three spacewalks.

2003 Recopa Sudamericana

The 2003 Recopa Sudamericana was the 11th edition of the match-up contested between the winners of CONMEBOL's two continental tournaments. This was the first Recopa contested since 1999 when the competition was discontinued due to the Supercopa Sudamericana folding in 1997. However, in 2002 the Copa Sudamericana was created to serve as the second most important continental trophy.

2005 Cinemalaya

The 1st Cinemalaya Independent Film Festival was held from July 12 until 17, 2005 in Metro Manila, Philippines.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Philippines

Hezbollah raids an Israeli patrol across the Lebanese border

On July 12, 2006, Hezbollah militants crossed from Lebanon into Israel and ambushed an Israeli military patrol, killing three soldiers and capturing two. Five more Israeli soldiers were killed in a failed rescue attempt inside Lebanon.

Israel · Lebanon

2006 Lebanon War

The 2006 Lebanon War, also called the 2006 Israel–Hezbollah War and known in Lebanon as the July War (Arabic: حرب تموز‎‎, Ḥarb Tammūz) and in Israel as the Second Lebanon War (Hebrew: מלחמת לבנון השנייה‎‎, Milhemet Levanon HaShniya), was a 34-day military conflict in Lebanon, Northern Israel and the Golan Heights. The principal parties were Hezbollah paramilitary forces and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). The conflict started on 12 July 2006, and continued until a United Nations-brokered ceasefire went into effect in the morning on 14 August 2006, though it formally ended on 8 September 2006 when Israel lifted its naval blockade of Lebanon.

Israel · Lebanon

Israeli Special Forces' Operations in 2006

Israeli Special Forces Operations in 2006 were part of the Second Lebanon War. Several commando units of the Israel Defence Forces launched dozens of operations against Hizbullah targets in Lebanon. Most of these were never publicized and many may have consisted of intelligence-gathering probes into Lebanese territory.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Lebanon

July 12, 2007, Baghdad airstrike

On July 12, 2007, a series of air-to-ground attacks were conducted by a team of two U.S. AH-64 Apache helicopters in Al-Amin al-Thaniyah, New Baghdad, during the Iraqi insurgency which followed the invasion of Iraq. On April 5, 2010, the attacks received worldwide coverage and controversy following the release of 39 minutes of classified gunsight footage by WikiLeaks.

Rajnandgaon ambush

The Rajnandgaon ambush occurred on 12 July 2009, when at least 29 members of the Indian Police were killed in an ambush attack by Maoist rebels in Rajnandgaon, 90 km (56 mi) from Raipur (India's Chhattisgarh state).The Rajnandgaon ambush is one of the biggest instances of naxal attacks in the state of Chhattisgarh in which 29 Police Personnel including The Superintendent of Police of Rajnadgaon district, Shri Vinod Kumar Chaubey, was martyred. Chaubey was a member of The elite Indian Police Service of 1998 batch. It was the first and only naxal incident in Chhattisgarh till date to have claimed the life of an officer of the Indian Police Service.

Rajnandgaon, India

Republic of the Congo presidential election, 2009

A presidential election was held in the Republic of the Congo on 12 July 2009. Long-time President Denis Sassou Nguesso won another seven-year term with a large majority of the vote, but the election was marked by accusations of irregularities and fraud from the opposition; six opposition candidates chose to boycott the election.

Republic of the Congo

2009 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final

The 2009 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final was a hurling match played on 12 July 2009 at Semple Stadium, Thurles, County Tipperary. It was contested by Tipperary and Waterford. Tipperary claimed their third Munster Championship of the decade, beating Waterford on a scoreline of 4–14 to 2–16, a 4-point winning margin. Overall, this was Tipperary's thirty eighth Munster Senior Hurling Championship.

Promociones Gutiérrez 1st Anniversary Show

The Promociones Gutiérrez 1st Anniversary Show was a professional wrestling supercard event promoted by Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) and Promociones Gutierrez, CMLL's local promoter in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. The event took place on July 12, 2010 at the Plaza de Toros Lauro Luis Longoria bullring and commemorated the 1st anniversary of Promociones Gutierrez. The focal point of the event was a Ruleta de la Muerte (Spanish for "Roulette of Death") tournament, in which five teams of Parejas Incredibles (teams of enemies) participate in an elimination match to see which team would have to face off in a Lucha de Apuestas, mask vs. mask match.

Tamaulipas, Mexico

Battle of Tremseh

The Battle of Tremseh (Arabic: معركة التريمسة‎‎) was led by the Syrian Army against the Free Syrian Army in Tremseh, Syria, in the late hours of 12 July 2012 during the Syrian Civil War leading to a reported death of dozens of rebels, and an unknown number of civilians. On 14 July 2012, the UN observer mission issued a statement, based on the investigation by its team that went to the town, that the Syrian military mainly targeted the homes of rebels and activists, in what the BBC said was a contradiction of the initial opposition claims of a civilian massacre.

Hama, Syria · Tremseh, Syria

Brétigny-sur-Orge train crash

On 12 July 2013, a train crash occurred in the commune of Brétigny-sur-Orge in the southern suburbs of Paris, France, when a passenger train carrying 385 people derailed and hit the station platform. Seven people were killed and nearly 200 were injured. The accident was cited as the most serious rail crash in France since the 1988 Gare de Lyon accident in which 56 people were killed.

France

2014 Georgian local elections

The 2014 Georgian local elections (Georgian: საქართველოს ადგილობრივი თვითმმართველობის ორგანოების არჩევნები) were held on 15 June and 12 July 2014 to elect the councils of local government, sakrebulo, mayors of 12 self-governing cities, as well as the governors, gamgebeli, of 59 municipalities.

Georgia

2015 Russian Super Cup

The 2015 Russian Football Super Cup (Russian: Суперкубок России по футболу) was the 13th Russian Super Cup match, a football match which was contested between the 2014–15 Russian Premier League champion, Zenit Saint Petersburg, and the 2014–15 Russian Cup champion, Lokomotiv Moscow. The match was held on 12 July 2015 at the Petrovsky Stadium, in Saint Petersburg.

Saint Petersburg, Russia

2015 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final

The 2015 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final was a hurling match which was played on 12 July 2015 at Semple Stadium, Thurles. The winners would advance to the semi-finals of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, with the loser going into the All-Ireland quarter-finals. Tipperary and Waterford contested the final, with Tipperary winning the title on a 0-21 to 0-16 scoreline.

2015 Chama Cha Mapinduzi presidential primaries

The Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) presidential primaries, 2015 took place in July 2015 to determine CCM's nominee for the Presidency of Tanzania for the 2015 election. The Chama Cha Mapinduzi (Party of the Revolution) is the country's dominant ruling party, and the longest reigning ruling party in Africa. Incumbent president and 2010 nominee Jakaya Kikwete is ineligible for re-election due to term limits.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Tanzania

Lincoln Red Imps F.C. 1–0 Celtic F.C.

Lincoln Red Imps vs Celtic was a football match played on 12 July 2016 at Victoria Stadium, Gibraltar. The match was a UEFA Champions League second qualifying round tie between Lincoln Red Imps, the champions of the 2015–16 Gibraltar Premier Division and Celtic, winners of the 2015–16 Scottish Premiership.

Gibraltar

Destination X (2016)

The 2016 Destination X (aka Impact Wrestling: Destination X) was a professional wrestling event produced by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) promotion, which took place on July 12, 2016 at the Impact Zone in Orlando, Florida. It was the twelfth event under the Destination X chronology. It was featured as a live special edition of TNA's weekly broadcast of Impact Wrestling.

Florida, United States

2018 Turkish Parliament Speaker election

The Turkish Parliament Speaker election of 2018 took place on 12 July 2018 to elect the 28th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly, who will serve for the first three years of the 27th Parliament of Turkey. With 7 parties represented in the 27th Parliament, the speaker was expected to be elected in the third round, as no party or electoral bloc had the necessary two-thirds majority to elect their candidate outright.

Turkey

2020 Basque regional election

A regional election was held in the Basque Country on 12 July 2020 to elect the 12th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. It was held concurrently with a regional election in Galicia. The election was initially scheduled for 5 April 2020 but was postponed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Basque Country (autonomous community), Spain

2020 Galician regional election

A regional election was held in Galicia on 12 July 2020 to elect the 11th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. It was held concurrently with a regional election in the Basque Country. The election was initially scheduled for 5 April 2020 but was postponed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Galicia (Spain), Spain

UFC 251

UFC 251: Usman vs. Masvidal was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on July 12, 2020 at the du Forum on Yas Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. It was originally planned to take place on June 6 at Perth Arena in Perth, Australia. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the event was eventually postponed on April 9 (see section below).

Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

2020 Puerto Rico Democratic presidential primary

The 2020 Puerto Rico Democratic presidential primary took place on July 12, 2020, a Sunday, in the Democratic Party primaries for the 2020 presidential election. The primary was originally scheduled for March 29, 2020, but was postponed twice because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Puerto Rico primary was an open primary, with the territory awarding 58 delegates, of which 51 were pledged delegates allocated on the basis of the results of the primary.

Puerto Rico

2020 Polish presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Poland on 28 June 2020. As no candidate received a majority of the vote, a second round was held on 12 July, in which incumbent president Andrzej Duda, running with the support of the incumbent government of the Law and Justice (PiS) party, faced off against Civic Platform vice-chairman and Mayor of Warsaw Rafał Trzaskowski.

This entry records the second round, as dated in the source infobox.

Poland

PFL MENA 2 (2024)

PFL MENA 2 was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Professional Fighters League that took place on July 12, 2024, at The Green Halls in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Arabia

Gazpromavia Flight 9608

On 12 July 2024, a Sukhoi Superjet 100 operated by Gazpromavia as Gazpromavia Flight 9608 crashed during a ferry flight from Tretyakovo Airport to Vnukovo International Airport. All three crew members, who were the only occupants on board, were killed.

Blood & Thunder (2024)

Blood & Thunder (2024) was a professional wrestling live streaming event produced by Major League Wrestling (MLW), which took place on July 12, 2024, at The Coliseum in St. Petersburg, Florida. It was the fourth event under the Blood and Thunder chronology, and the first to be aired live.

23rd New York Asian Film Festival

The 23rd New York Asian Film Festival was held in New York on 12 July with World Premiere of South Korean film Victory by Park Beom-su, who attended the screening in person. In the 23rd edition 94 titles were screened in person. The film selection featured both contemporary and timeless titles from various Asian countries, as well as beyond, showcasing nine world premieres, 12 international premieres, and 38 North American premieres.

This entry records the opening, as dated in the source infobox.

United States

NXT The Great American Bash (2025)

The 2025 Great American Bash, also promoted as The Great American Bash: Atlanta, was a professional wrestling livestreaming event produced by WWE, held for wrestlers from the promotion's developmental brand, NXT. It was the 13th Great American Bash under the WWE banner, the sixth annual produced specifically for NXT, and the 27th Great American Bash event overall. The event took place on July 12, 2025, at Center Stage in Atlanta, Georgia.

Atlanta, United States

UFC on ESPN: Lewis vs. Teixeira

UFC on ESPN: Lewis vs. Teixeira (also known as UFC on ESPN 70) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on July 12, 2025, at Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee, United States.

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

2025 Tailteann Cup final

The 2025 Tailteann Cup final was the fourth final of the Tailteann Cup and the culmination of the 2025 Tailteann Cup, the GAA's second-tier Gaelic football competition for county teams. The match was played at Croke Park in Dublin on 12 July 2025, between Kildare and Limerick. The match was played before the All-Ireland semi-final between Kerry and Tyrone. Kildare won the game by two points.

Dublin, Ireland

2025 Russian Super Cup

The 2025 Russian Super Cup (Russian: Суперкубок России по футболу 2025, full name Olimpbet 2025 Russian Super Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 23rd edition of the Russian Super Cup, an annual football match organised jointly by the Russian Football Union and the Russian Premier League. It was contested by the reigning champions of the Russian Premier League FC Krasnodar and holders of the Russian Cup, PFC CSKA Moscow.

Russia

ONE Fight Night 33

ONE Fight Night 33: Rodrigues vs. Persson was a combat sports event produced by ONE Championship that took place on July 12, 2025, at Lumpinee Boxing Stadium in Bangkok, Thailand.

Neuchâtel International Fantastic Film Festival

The Neuchâtel International Fantastic Film Festival (NIFFF) is a film festival dedicated to fantastic films held since 2000 in Neuchâtel, Switzerland. The festival constructs its programming around three central axes: Fantastic cinema, Asian cinema and Digital images. The films shown at the festival range from major works by renowned directors, to unknown and underground films d'auteurs. Notable attendees include George A.

This entry records the closing, as dated in the source infobox.

Switzerland

59th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival

The 59th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival opened on 4 July 2025, in Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic with a film by Milan Kuchynka and Jakub Jurásek, We've Got to Frame It!, a tribute to Jiří Bartoška, the late president of the festival. 'Midnight Screenings' section from this year have a new name "Afterhours" under revamped programme.

This entry records the closing, as dated in the source infobox.

Czechia