7月14日发生过什么？

Disaster of Yongjia

The Disaster of Yongjia (simplified Chinese: 永嘉之乱; traditional Chinese: 永嘉之亂) occurred in July 311 CE, when forces of the Han-Zhao dynasty captured and sacked Luoyang, the capital of the Western Jin dynasty. The Han's army committed a massacre of the city's inhabitants, killing the Jin crown prince, a host of ministers, and over 30,000 civilians. They also burnt down the palaces and dug up the Jin dynasty's mausoleums.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Stilo

The Battle of Stilo or Cape Colonna was fought on 13 or 14 July 982 near Crotone in Calabria between the forces of the Emperor Otto II and his Italo-Lombard allies and those of the Kalbid emir of Sicily, Abu al-Qasim. Some sources claim that the Muslims received support from the Byzantines, in retaliation for Otto's invasion of their province of Apulia, but this is unconfirmed. Al-Qasim, who had declared a Holy War (jihad) against the Germans, retreated when he noticed the unexpected strength of Otto's troops when he was not far from Rossano Calabro.

Crotone, Italy

King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy

Otto II (955 – 7 December 983), called the Red (German: der Rote), was Holy Roman Emperor from 973 until his death in 983. A member of the Ottonian dynasty, he was the youngest and sole surviving son of Otto the Great and Adelaide of Italy. Otto II was made joint-ruler of Germany in 961, at an early age, and his father named him co-Emperor in 967 to secure his succession to the throne.

Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II

Louis VIII (5 September 1187 – 8 November 1226), nicknamed The Lion (French: Le Lion), was King of France from 1223 to 1226. As a prince, he invaded England on 21 May 1216 and was excommunicated by a papal legate on 29 May 1216. On 2 June 1216, Louis was proclaimed "King of England" by rebellious barons in London, though never crowned.

Battle of Thomond

The Battle of Thomond (Irish: Áth an Urchair) was fought in Ireland on 14 July 1328 between the forces of William de Burgh and an army led by Brian Bán Ó Briain, Lord of Thomond. It was fought near Thurles in modern County Tipperary and featured powerful Gaelic and Anglo-Irish figures on both sides.

Ireland

Battle of Vítkov Hill

The Battle of Vítkov Hill was a part of the Hussite Wars. The battle pitted the forces of King Sigismund, against Hussite forces under command of Jan Žižka (English: John Zizka). Vítkov Hill was located on the edge of the city of Prague and the battle occurred in a vineyard established by Sigismund's father, Charles IV. It ended with a decisive Hussite victory.

Battle of Vítkov Hill, decisive victory of Czech Hussite forces commanded by Jan Žižka against Crusade army led by Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor.

Siege of Plzeň (1433–1434)

The siege of Plzeň lasted from 14 July 1433 to 9 May 1434 and was an important encounter of the Hussite Wars. Hussite troops led by Prokop the Great had unsuccessfully besieged the Catholic city of Plzeň for nine months and twenty three days. Failure to capture one of the last major Catholic cities in Bohemia along with the fall of New Town was a huge blow for the Hussite groups that foreshadowed their decisive defeat in the Battle of Lipany.

Battle of Shelon

The Battle of Shelon (Russian: Шелонская битва, romanized: Shelonskaya bitva) was a decisive battle between the forces of the Grand Principality of Moscow under Ivan III (r. 1462–1505) and the Novgorod Republic, which took place on the Shelon River on 14 July 1471. Although Novgorod traditionally recognized the authority of the Russian grand princes, relations between Moscow and Novgorod deteriorated in the 15th century over issues relating to autonomy.

Russia

Battle of Vedrosha

The Battle of Vedrosha (Lithuanian: Vedrošos mūšis; Russian: Ведрошская битва) was fought near the Vedrosha river, close to Dorogobuzh (then in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, now in Russia) on 14 July 1500, during the Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War (1500–1503). In the battle of Vedrosha, Muscovite forces defeated outnumbered Lithuanian troops attacking them. The Battle of Vedrosha was the first major Muscovite victory over Lithuania in the war of 1500–1503.

Dorogobuzh, Russia

Battle of Rautu Church

The Battle of Rautu Church (Swedish: Slaget vid Rautus kyrka; Russian: Битва при церкви Рауту) was a failed Russian attempt to stop a Swedish relief force headed for Kexholm during the Russo-Swedish War (1656–1658). The Swedes, led by Christoffer Burmeister, successfully repelled the Russian attack at Rautu Church and forced them back. However, they withdrew from Rautu towards Viborg the next day, and the Russian forces claimed control of the battlefield soon after.

Battle of Landskrona

The Battle of Landskrona was fought on the Ylleshed moor, outside the town of Landskrona, in southern Sweden on July 14, 1677, between Sweden and Denmark.

Sweden

Great Turkish War

The Great Turkish War was a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the Holy League consisting of the Holy Roman Empire, Poland-Lithuania, Venice, Russia, and the Kingdom of Hungary. Intensive fighting began in 1683 and ended with the signing of the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699. The war was a resounding defeat for the Ottoman Empire, which for the first time lost substantial territory, in Hungary and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, as well as in part of the western Balkans.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Naval battle off St. John (1696)

The Naval battle off St. John took place on July 14, 1696, between France and England toward the end of King William's War in the Bay of Fundy off present-day Saint John, New Brunswick. The English ships were sent from Boston to interrupt the supplies being taken by French officer Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville from Quebec to the capital of Acadia, Fort Nashwaak (Fredericton, New Brunswick) on the Saint John River.

An expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá leaves its base in San Diego and sets out to find the Port of Monterey (now Monterey, California)

The Portolá expedition was a Spanish voyage of exploration in 1769–1770 that was the first recorded European exploration of the interior of the present-day California. It was led by Gaspar de Portolá, governor of Las Californias, the Spanish colonial province that included California, Baja California, and other parts of present-day Mexico and the United States.

Battle of Fidonisi

The Battle of Fidonisi took place on 14 July 1788 between the fleets of the Russian Empire under Marko Voinovich's lead and the Ottoman Empire under Cezayirli Gazi Hasan Pasha during the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) in the area of Snake Island, which in Greek was called Fidonisi (Φιδονήσι). It was a Russian victory.

Storming of the Bastille

The Storming of the Bastille (French: Prise de la Bastille [pʁiz də la bastij]) occurred in Paris, France, on the afternoon of 14 July 1789. The medieval fortress, armory, and political prison in Paris known as the Bastille represented royal authority in the center of Paris. The prison contained just seven inmates at the time of its storming but was a symbol of the abuse of the monarchy; its fall was the flashpoint of the French Revolution.

Paris, France

Battle of Brécourt

The Battle of Brécourt or Battle of Vernon took place on 13–14 July 1793 between the National Convention and the federalists during the Federalist revolts. It marked the end of the federalist revolt in Normandy and in Brittany.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

The Sedition Act of 1798 becomes law in the United States making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government

The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 were four U.S. statutes that restricted naturalization, empowered the president of the United States to detain and deport foreigners, and criminalized false or malicious statements against the federal government. The laws were endorsed by the Federalist Party, led by President John Adams, on national security grounds in response to the later stages of the French Revolution and ongoing disputes with the French revolutionary government which had culminated in naval skirmishes.

Battle of Medina de Rioseco

The Battle of Medina de Rioseco, also known as the Battle of Moclín, was fought during the Peninsular War on 14 July 1808 when a combined body of Spanish militia and regulars moved to rupture the French line of communications to Madrid. General Joaquín Blake's Army of Galicia, under joint command with General Gregorio de la Cuesta, was routed by Marshal Bessières after a badly coordinated but stubborn fight against the French corps north of Valladolid. Bessières exploited the poor coordination between Blake and Cuesta to defeat the Spaniards in detail, with Blake being ejected from a low ridge while Cuesta sat to the rear, and Cuesta failing to recapture the ridge with his own troops.

Medina de Rioseco, Spain · Valladolid, Spain

Battle of Lapua

The Battle of Lapua was fought between Swedish and Russian troops on 14 July 1808 at Lapua, Finland. The battle was a part of the Finnish War of 1808–1809. The Russians had set up defences around Lapua. The Swedes tried to outflank and surround the defending Russians. The Björneborg Regiment under Georg Carl von Döbeln distinguished itself during the battle. In the end the Russians managed to retreat, but the victory was an important one for the Swedish as it allowed them to continue their offensive.

Finland

Action off Charles Island

The action off Charles Island was a naval battle fought during the War of 1812 in the summer of 1813 off Charles Island in the Galapagos. An American squadron of three vessels attacked three British armed whalers, and captured them. The engagement was notable for being one of the few to occur in the Pacific Ocean during the war and involved United States Marine Lieutenant John M.

Siege of Cartagena (1820–21)

The siege of Cartagena (1820–1821) (Spanish: Asedio de Cartagena de Indias (1820–1821)) was a military confrontation fought in the context of the Colombian War of Independence between Patriots and Royalists, with the victory of the former. It was the longest siege experienced by the city in its history.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Kishegyes

The Battle of Kishegyes (modern-day Mali Iđoš, Vojvodina, Serbia) was a military engagement during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. Fought from 11–15 July 1849, the battle pitted the Hungarian Revolutionary Army, commanded by Generals Antal Vetter and Richard Guyon, against the Imperial Habsburg Corps led by Lieutenant Field Marshal Josip Jelačić, Ban of Croatia, whose forces included allied Croatian and Serbian units.

Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations

The Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations was a World's Fair held in 1853 in what is now Bryant Park in New York City, in the wake of the highly successful 1851 Great Exhibition in London. It aimed to showcase the new industrial achievements of the world and also to demonstrate the nationalistic pride of a relatively young nation and all that she stood for. Jacob Aaron Westervelt, at that time Mayor of New York, was the President of the exhibition-committee. The general superintendent was Admiral Du Pont. Opening on July 14, 1853 with newly sworn President Franklin Pierce in attendance, the fair was seen by over 1.1 million visitors before it closed on November 14, 1854.

New York City, United States · London, United Kingdom

Battle of Aschaffenburg (1866)

The Battle of Aschaffenburg, sometimes also called The Skirmishes Near Aschaffenburg, was a battle of the Austro-Prussian War on 14 July 1866 between pitting the armies of Prussia on the one hand and parts of the VIII Corps of the German Federal Army on the other side which primarily consisted of soldiers from the Austrian Empire, Hesse-Darmstadt and Hesse-Kassel.

Chicago Fire of 1874

The Chicago Fire of 1874 was a conflagration in Chicago, Illinois, that took place on July 14, 1874. Reports of the extent of the damage vary somewhat, but sources generally agree that the fire burned forty-seven acres just south of the Loop, destroyed 812 structures and killed 20 people. The affected neighborhood had been home to Chicago's community of Jewish immigrants from Russia and Poland, as well as to a significant population of middle-class African-American families; both ethnic groups were displaced in the aftermath of the fire to other neighborhoods on the city's West and South Sides.

Illinois, United States

July 1880 Victorian colonial election

The July 1880 Victorian colonial election was held on 14 July 1880 to elect the 11th Parliament of Victoria. All 86 seats in 55 electorates in the Legislative Assembly were up for election, though eight seats were uncontested. There were 31 single-member, 20 two-member and 5 three-member electorates. The Constitutionalist (moderate liberal) government of James Service was defeated by the liberal (or protectionist) opposition led by Graham Berry, who formed a new government on 3 August 1880.

Establishment of Second International

The Socialist International, commonly known as the Second International, was a political international of socialist and labour parties formed in Paris in 1889. At a time of growing industrial working-class movements and the expansion of suffrage, it brought together autonomous national parties into a loose international federation. It continued the work of the First International (1864–1876), from which it inherited both the legacy of Karl Marx and the conflict with anarchists.

Battle of Tientsin

The Battle of Tientsin, or the Relief of Tientsin, occurred on 13–14 July 1900, during the Boxer Rebellion in Northern China. A multinational military force, representing the Eight-Nation Alliance, rescued a besieged population of foreign nationals in the city of Tianjin (Postal: Tientsin) by defeating the Chinese Imperial army and Boxers.

People's Republic of China

Boxer Rebellion

The Boxer Rebellion, also known as the Boxer Uprising, Boxer Movement, Yihetuan Movement (traditional Chinese: 義和團運動; simplified Chinese: 义和团运动), or Boxer War, was an uprising in North China between 1899 and 1901, towards the end of the Qing dynasty, by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists. Its members were known as the "Boxers" in English, owing to many of them practicing Chinese martial arts, which at the time were referred to as "Chinese boxing".

Armies of the Eight-Nation Alliance capture Tientsin during the Boxer Rebellion.

Peruvian explorer and farmer Agustín Lizárraga discovers Machu Picchu, the "Lost City of the Incas"

Agustín Lizárraga Ruiz (Spanish: [aɣusˈtin liˈsaraɣa] 12 June 1865 – 11 February 1912) was a Peruvian explorer and farmer who visited the Inca site of Machu Picchu on 14 July 1902, nine years before American explorer Hiram Bingham brought it to international attention.

1905 Carlisle by-election

The 1905 Carlisle by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 14 July 1905. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

United Kingdom

Arab Revolt

The Arab Revolt (Arabic: الثورة العربية al-Thawra al-'Arabiyya), also known as the Great Arab Revolt (الثورة العربية الكبرى al-Thawra al-'Arabiyya al-Kubrā), was an armed uprising by the Hashemite-led Arabs of the Hejaz against the Ottoman Empire amidst the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. On the basis of the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence, exchanged between Henry McMahon of the United Kingdom and Hussein bin Ali of the Kingdom of Hejaz, the rebellion against the ruling Turks was officially initiated at Mecca on 10 June 1916.

Beginning of the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence between Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca and the British official Henry McMahon concerning the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire.

Capture of Trônes Wood

The Capture of Trônes Wood (8–14 July 1916) was a tactical incident in the First World War, fought by the British Fourth Army and the German 2nd Army, during the Battle of the Somme of 1916. Trônes Wood lay on the northern slope of Montauban ridge, between Bernafay Wood and Guillemont. The wood dominated the southern approach to Longueval and Trônes Alley, a German communication trench between Bernafay Wood and the northern tip of Trônes Wood to Guillemont.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

France

The Battle of Delville Wood began as an action within the Battle of the Somme, lasting until 3 September 1916

The Battle of Delville Wood (15 July – 3 September 1916) was a series of engagements in the 1916 Battle of the Somme in the First World War, between the armies of the German Empire and the British Empire. Delville Wood (Bois d'Elville), was a thick tangle of trees, chiefly beech and hornbeam (the wood has been replanted with oak and birch by the South African government), with dense hazel thickets, intersected by grassy rides, to the east of Longueval.

National Protection War

The National Protection War (simplified Chinese: 护国战争; traditional Chinese: 護國戰爭; pinyin: Hù guó zhànzhēng), also known as the Anti-Monarchy War, or the Third Revolution, was a civil war that took place in China from December 1915 to July 1916. Following the overthrow of the Qing dynasty three years previously, the Republic of China was established in its place.

This entry records the event's end date, as stated in the source infobox.

Shanghai's Great World opens

The Great World (Chinese: 大世界; pinyin: Dà Shìjìe; Shanghainese: Da Syga) is an amusement arcade and entertainment complex located in Shanghai, China. Built in 1917 on the corner of Avenue Edward VII (now Yan'an Road) and Yu Ya Ching Road (now Middle Xizang Road), it was the first and for a long time the most influential indoor amusement arcade in Shanghai, so much so that it spawned imitations all over China.

Battle of Abu Tellul

The Battle of Abu Tellul (called the Affair of Abu Tellul by the British Battles Nomenclature Committee) was fought on 14 July 1918 during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I after German and Ottoman Empire forces attacked the British Empire garrison in the Jordan Valley. The valley had been occupied by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) from February 1918 when Jericho was captured. Following two raids east of the River Jordan by the EEF the first in March and second in April the defence of the valley became the responsibility of the Desert Mounted Corps.

Jordan

Zhili–Anhui War

The Zhili–Anhui War was a 1920 conflict in the Republic of China between the Zhili and Anhui cliques for control of the Beiyang government.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

People's Republic of China

1927 Romanian general election

General elections were held in Romania in July 1927. The Chamber of Deputies was elected on 7 July, whilst the Senate was elected in three stages on 10, 12 and 14 July. The result was a victory for the governing National Liberal Party (PNL), which won 318 of the 387 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 92 of the 110 seats in the Senate elected through universal male vote.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Cuban general election, 1940

General elections were held in Cuba on 14 July 1940. Fulgencio Batista won the presidential election running under the People's Socialist Coalition banner, whilst the Partido Auténtico emerged as the largest party in the House of Representatives. Voter turnout was 73.4%.

Cuba

Syria–Lebanon campaign

The Syria–Lebanon campaign, also known as Operation Exporter, was the invasion of Syria and Lebanon (then controlled by Vichy France, a vassal state of Nazi Germany) in June and July 1941 by British Empire forces, during the Second World War. On 1 April 1941, after the Iraqi coup d'état, Iraq was controlled by Iraqi nationalists led by Rashid Ali al-Gaylani, who appealed for Italian and German support.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria · Lebanon

In the Wardha session of Congress, the "Quit India" resolution is approved, authorising Mahatma Gandhi to campaign for India's independence from Britain

The Quit India Movement was a political campaign launched at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1942, during World War II, demanding an end to British rule in India. After Britain failed to secure Indian support for the British war effort with the Cripps Mission, Gandhi made a call to Do or Die in his Quit India speech delivered in Bombay on 8 August 1942 at the Gowalia Tank Maidan.

Battle of Mubo

The Battle of Mubo was a series of actions in the Mubo area of the Territory of New Guinea between Australian and Japanese forces which took place between 22 April and 14 July 1943, during World War II. The battle formed part of the wider Salamaua–Lae campaign, and was fought in the early stages of the campaign.

Battle of La Haye-du-Puits

The Battle of La Haye-du-Puits was fought between the armies of the United States and Germany as part of the Normandy Campaign of World War II. Following the Allied invasion of Normandy on D-Day, 6 June 1944, US First Army under the command of Lieutenant General Omar Bradley began an advance to the south, aiming to break through the German defenses and secure a line from Coutances to Saint-Lô.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

France

Italian Parliament

The Italian Parliament (Italian: Parlamento italiano) is the national parliament of the Italian Republic. It is the representative body of Italian citizens and is the successor to the Parliament of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1848–1861), the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1943), the transitional National Council (1945–1946) and the Constituent Assembly (1946–1948). It is a bicameral legislature with 600 elected members and a small number of unelected members (senatori a vita).

Palmiro Togliatti, leader of the Italian Communist Party, is shot and wounded near the Italian Parliament.

Korean War: North Korean troops began attacking the headquarters of the American 24th Infantry Division in present-day Daejeon, South Korea

The Battle of Taejon (16–20 July 1950) was an early battle of the Korean War, between U.S. and North Korean forces. Forces of the United States Army attempted to defend the headquarters of the 24th Infantry Division. The 24th Infantry Division was overwhelmed by numerically superior forces of the Korean People's Army (KPA) at the major city and transportation hub of Daejon (then spelt Taejon).

1951 British Grand Prix

The 1951 British Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 14 July 1951 at the Silverstone Circuit in Northamptonshire, England. It was race 5 of 8 in the 1951 World Championship of Drivers and was contested over 90 laps. The race was the first victory for José Froilán González, and was also the first of many for the Scuderia Ferrari team.

England, United Kingdom

6th Locarno Film Festival

The 6th Locarno Film Festival was held from 2 July to 14 July 1952 in Locarno, Switzerland. It was originally planned to end one day earlier, but was extended to show the film The City Stands Trial (Processo alla città). This year's event was notable for its political controversies. Many festival goers were angry when the festival refused to bar former Nazi and SS member, Ludwig Carl Moyzisch, from the festival.

This entry records the closing, as dated in the source infobox.

Switzerland

14 July Revolution

The 14 July Revolution or the 1958 Iraqi coup d'état took place on 14 July 1958 in Iraq, resulting in the overthrow of the Hashemite monarchy established by King Faisal I in 1921 under the auspices of the British. King Faisal II, the regent and Crown Prince 'Abd al-Ilah, and Prime Minister Nuri al-Said were assassinated during this coup. A result of several different grievances with Hashemite Iraqi policies, the coup d'état established the Republic of Iraq. From 14 July 1958 until 2003, Iraq remained a de facto Arab nationalist and socialist one-party state.

Iraq

Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 1-11

Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 1–11 was a Northwest Orient Airlines flight from New York City to Manila, with stopovers in Seattle, Anchorage, Tokyo, and Okinawa. On July 14, 1960, the Douglas DC-7C serving the flight ditched in the ocean 8 km (5.0 mi) northeast off Polillo Island, Quezon, Philippines. Of the 58 people on board, 57 survived with 44 suffering from minor injuries and 1 passenger losing her life.

1965 Greek Football Cup final

The 1965 Greek Cup final was the 22nd final of the Greek Cup. The match took place on 14 July 1965 at Karaiskakis Stadium. The contesting teams were Olympiacos and Panathinaikos. It was Olympiacos' fourteenth Greek Cup final in their 40 years of existence and Panathinaikos' seventh Greek Cup final in their 57-year history.

USA Final 1967

USA Final 1967 was the United Soccer Association's postseason championship game of the 1967 season. The event was contested in a single-game match between the Los Angeles Wolves and the Washington Whips. The match was held on July 14, 1967 at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, in Los Angeles, California. The Los Angeles Wolves were victorious by a score of 6–5 and were crowned the 1967 USA champions.

California, United States

Operation Buffalo (1967)

Operation Buffalo (2–14 July 1967) was an operation of the Vietnam War that took place in the southern half of the Demilitarized Zone, around Con Thien.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Lenadoon

The Battle of Lenadoon was a series of gun battles fought over a six day period from 9–14 July 1972 between the Provisional IRA and the British Army. It started on Thursday, 9 July 1972 in and around the Lenadoon Avenue area and spread to other places in Belfast. Loyalist paramilitaries and the Official Irish Republican Army were involved in some of the incidents. 28 people in total were killed in Belfast according to the CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

1976 Republican Party presidential primaries

From January 6 to July 14, 1976, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 1976 United States presidential election. The major candidates were incumbent President Gerald Ford and former governor of California Ronald Reagan. After a series of primary elections and caucuses, neither secured a majority of the delegates before the convention.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

1984 New Zealand general election

The 1984 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the composition of the 41st New Zealand Parliament. It marked the beginning of the Fourth Labour Government, with David Lange's Labour Party defeating the long-serving Prime Minister, Robert Muldoon, of the National Party. It was also the last election in which the Social Credit Party won seats as an independent entity.

New Zealand

Bolivian general election, 1985

General elections were held in Bolivia on 14 July 1985. As no candidate for the presidency received over 50% of the vote, the National Congress was required to elect a President on 4 August. Although Hugo Banzer of Nationalist Democratic Action received the most public votes, Congress elected Víctor Paz Estenssoro of the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement.

Bolivia

King of the Ring (1986)

The 1986 King of the Ring was the second annual King of the Ring professional wrestling tournament produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE). The tournament was held on July 14, 1986 at the Sullivan Stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts as a special non-televised house show. The 1986 tournament was won by Harley Race. In addition to the tournament, there were two other matches.

Massachusetts, United States

Kensington by-election, 1988

The Kensington by-election, in Kensington, on 14 July 1988 was held after the death of Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Brandon Rhys-Williams. Normally a relatively safe Conservative seat, it was narrowly won by Dudley Fishburn, who would go on to retain the seat in 1992. It was the first by-election of that parliament, which had begun after the general election of June 1987, and would last until the next election in April 1992.

United Kingdom

UEFA Women's Euro 1991 final

The UEFA Women's Euro 1991 final was an association football match on 14 July 1991 at Aalborg Stadion, Aalborg, to determine the winner of UEFA Women's Euro 1991.

Denmark

The Great American Bash (1991)

The 1991 Great American Bash was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). It was the third annual Great American Bash under the WCW banner and the seventh annual Great American Bash event overall. It was also the first held by WCW alone following its split from the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) in January 1991. The event took place on July 14, 1991, at the Baltimore Arena in Baltimore, Maryland.

UFC 6

UFC 6: Clash of the Titans was the sixth mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on July 14, 1995, at the Casper Events Center in Casper, Wyoming. The event was seen live on pay per view in the United States, and later released on home video.

Wyoming, United States

Shoot Boxing – S-Cup 1996

Shoot Boxing – S-Cup 1996 was a shoot boxing event promoted by Caesar Takeshi. It was a qualifier for the Shoot Boxing World Tournament 1997, featuring four elimination fights with all bouts fought under Shoot Boxing Rules (70kg/154lbs weight class) involving eight fighters from across the world. The eight finalists were a mixture of invitees or had been involved in the 1995 tournament (for more information on these finalists, see the bulleted list below). As well as competition bouts there were also five 'Super Fights', three fought under Shoot Boxing Rules (various weight classes), two fought under MMA Rules, and a 'Special Fight' fought under Kyokushin Karate Rules (75kg/165lbs weight class).

Tokyo, Japan

1996 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final

The 1996 Munster Senior Hurling Championship finals were two hurling matches played in July 1996. The first game was played at the Gaelic Grounds in Limerick and finished in a draw 0–19 to 1–16, after Tipperary at one stage had a ten-point lead. The replay was played a week later on 14 July at Páirc Uí Chaoimh, Cork, County Cork, and saw Limerick claim their second first Munster Championship of the decade, winning on a scoreline of 4–7 to 0–16.

1996 MLS All-Star Game

The 1996 Major League Soccer All-Star Game was the first Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer. Teams of the best players from each conference played against each other at Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, on July 14, 1996. The MLS All-Stars East won the game 3–2, with goals from Tab Ramos, Giovanni Savarese and Steve Pittman while Preki and Jason Kreis scored for the MLS All-Stars West.

United States

Rus Flight 9633

Rus Flight 9633 refers to the crash involving an IL-76TD aircraft operated by Rus Airlines from Chkalovsky Airport to Taiyuan Wusu Airport with intermediate stops at Alykel Airport and Bratsk Airport. On July 14, 2001, the plane crashed a few seconds after takeoff from Chkalovsky Airport. All 10 people on board were killed.

2001 Aston by-election

The 2001 Aston by-election was held in the Australian electorate of Aston in Victoria on 14 July 2001. The by-election was triggered by the death of the sitting member, the Liberal Party of Australia's Peter Nugent, on 24 April 2001. The writ for the by-election was issued on 1 June 2001.

2002 OFC Nations Cup final

The 2002 OFC Nations Cup final was a football match that took place on 14 July 2002 at the Ericsson Stadium in Auckland, New Zealand to determine the 2002 OFC Nations Cup champion. New Zealand defeated Australia 1–0, with the only goal being scored by central defender Ryan Nelsen in the 78th minute. The match was the third final between the two countries, an OFC Nations Cup record, after their 1998 and 2000 matches.

New Zealand

French president Jacques Chirac escapes an assassination attempt from Maxime Brunerie during a Bastille Day parade at Champs-Élysées

Jacques René Chirac (UK: , US: ; French: [ʒak ʁəne ʃiʁak] ; 29 November 1932 – 26 September 2019) was President of France from 1995 to 2007. He was previously Prime Minister of France from 1974 to 1976 and 1986 to 1988, as well as Mayor of Paris from 1977 to 1995. After attending the École nationale d'administration, Chirac began his career as a high-level civil servant, entering politics shortly thereafter.

2005 Cheadle by-election

A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Cheadle was held on 14 July 2005, following the death of incumbent Liberal Democrat MP Patsy Calton. It was won by Mark Hunter, who retained the seat for the Liberal Democrats. The Conservative candidate was Stephen Day, who held the seat from 1987 to 2001, and was defeated by Calton in the 2005 general election two months earlier.

United Kingdom

2007 Slovenian Supercup

The 2007 Slovenian Supercup was a football match that saw the 2006–07 PrvaLiga champions Domžale face off against Slovenian Cup champions Koper. The match was held on 14 July 2007 at the Sports Park in Domžale.

4th Yerevan Golden Apricot International Film Festival

The 4th Yerevan Golden Apricot International Film Festival was a film festival held in Yerevan, Armenia from 9–14 July 2007. More than 120 films from around the world were presented during the festival with attendance from contemporary filmmakers such as Bruno Dumont, Leos Carax, Carla Garapedian, Lee Chang-dong, Andrey Zvyagintsev, Aurora Quattrocchi and Tchéky Karyo.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Armenia

Founding ceremony of Wikimedia Hong Kong

Volunteers established Wikimedia Hong Kong and held its founding ceremony. The association was created to support Wikimedia projects and their local community. Company registration and recognition by the Wikimedia Foundation followed later.

The founding ceremony is distinct from later company registration and recognition as a Wikimedia chapter.

Hong Kong

California's 32nd congressional district special election, 2009

California's 32nd congressional district special election, 2009 occurred on July 14, 2009, to fill the vacancy in California's 32nd congressional district. The election was won by Democrat Judy Chu, who became the first Chinese American woman elected to serve in Congress.

California, United States

Silvan ambush

The Silvan ambush (July 14, 2011) was an ambush on the Turkish Army by PKK insurgents, which inflicted heavy casualties on both sides. The ambush took place in a forest around the town of Silvan. The Turkish forces were taken by surprise and suffered considerable casualties, before launching a counterattack. The ambush took place in a forest, the isolated position had given the insurgents initial success, catching the Turkish army by surprise and inflicting heavy casualties.

Turkey

Strikeforce: Rockhold vs. Kennedy

Strikeforce: Rockhold vs. Kennedy was a mixed martial arts event held by Strikeforce. The event took place on July 14, 2012 at the Rose Garden in Portland, Oregon.

Portland, Oregon, United States

2012 Piala Indonesia final

The 2012 Piala Indonesia final was a football match that took place on 14 July 2012 at Sultan Agung Stadium in Bantul. It was the sixth final of Piala Indonesia and contested by Persibo Bojonegoro and Semen Padang FC. Persibo won the match 1–0 courtesy of a goal from Dian Irawan in the 50th minute to give them their first Piala Indonesia title.

2012 Russian Super Cup

The 2012 Russian Football Super Cup (Russian: Суперкубок России по футболу) was the 10th Russian Super Cup match, a football match which was contested between the 2011–12 Russian Premier League champion, Zenit Saint Petersburg, and the 2011–12 Russian Cup champion, Rubin Kazan. The match was held on 14 July 2012 at the Metallurg Stadium, in Samara, Russia.

Russia

2012 Edo State gubernatorial election

The 2012 Edo State gubernatorial election was held on 14 July 2012. The ACN nominee Adams Oshiomhole won for a second term, defeating Charles Airhiavbere of the PDP. Adams Oshiomhole emerged ACN after he was returned as the sole candidate. He picked Pius Odubu as his running mate. Charles Airhiavbere was the PDP candidate.

Results of the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries

This article contains the results of the 2012 Republican presidential primaries and caucuses, which resulted in the nomination of Mitt Romney as the Republican nominee for President of the United States. The 2012 Republican primaries were the selection processes by which the Republican Party selected delegates to attend the 2012 Republican National Convention from August 27–30.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

Endorsements in the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries

This article is a list of endorsements made by members of the 112th United States Congress and other elected officials during the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries. Endorsements of statesmen and celebrities are also important to candidates. Late in the Republican race cycle, Romney toured Israel and Poland after a visit to the London 2012 Olympics.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

Straw polls for the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries

This is a list of straw polls that have been conducted relating to the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

2012 Republican Party presidential primaries

Voters of the Republican Party elected state delegations to the 2012 Republican National Convention in presidential primaries. The national convention then selected its nominee to run for President of the United States in the 2012 presidential election. There were 2,286 delegates chosen, and a candidate needed to accumulate 1,144 delegate votes at the convention to win the nomination.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

2012 Supercupa României

The 2012 Supercupa României was the 14th edition of Romania's season opener cup competition. The game was contested between Liga I title holders, CFR Cluj, and Romanian Cup winners, Dinamo București. For the first time in history, the Supercup was played at Arena Națională, the newly stadium built in Bucharest. Dinamo won the game after penalties.

Money in the Bank (2013)

Money in the Bank (2013) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by WWE, which took place on July 14, 2013 at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the fourth annual Money in the Bank event. The event received 199,000 buys, which was up from the previous year's event of 188,000.

Philadelphia, United States

2013 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final

The 2013 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final was the 122nd final of the Munster Senior Hurling Championship, the most prestigious provincial hurling championship. The match, contested by Limerick and Cork, took place on 14 July 2013 at the Gaelic Grounds in Limerick, and started at 4:00 p.m. It was Limerick's 45th Munster final and Cork's 80th.

Operation al-Shabah

Operation al-Shabah (Arabic: عملية الشبح, lit. 'Operation Phantom') was launched in May 2013 by the Iraqi Army, with the stated aim of severing contact between the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant and the al-Nusra Front in Syria by clearing militants from the border area with Syria and Jordan.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Iraq

Siege of Deir ez-Zor (2014–2017)

The siege of Deir ez-Zor was a large-scale siege imposed by the Islamic State (IS) militant group against several districts in the city of Deir ez-Zor held by the Syrian government's military forces, in an attempt to capture the city and secure full control of the Deir ez-Zor Governorate. The ISIL siege of the city lasted for almost 3 years and 2 months, after which the Syrian Army launched a successful offensive that fully recaptured the city nine weeks later.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

Deir ez-Zor offensive (April–July 2014)

The Deir ez-Zor offensive (April–July 2014) was launched by the Islamic State (ISIS) against all other opposition forces in the Deir ez-Zor Governorate as part of the inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian Civil War. After more than three months of heavy fighting, ISIS totally defeated the rebels and captured almost the whole province, except a part of the provincial capital, the military airport on its southern outskirts and a few of the surrounding towns, which remained under control of Syrian government troops, who were not involved in the inter-rebel fighting.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

2015 Ukrainian Super Cup

The 2015 Ukrainian Super Cup became the twelfth edition of Ukrainian Super Cup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Ukrainian Top League and Ukrainian Cup competitions. The match was played at the Chornomorets Stadium, Odesa, on 14 July 2015 and contested by league and cup winner Dynamo Kyiv and league runner-up Shakhtar Donetsk. Shakhtar won it 2–0.

NASA's New Horizons probe performs the first flyby of Pluto, and thus completes the initial survey of the Solar System

New Horizons is an interplanetary space probe launched as a part of NASA's New Frontiers program. Launched in 2006, it became the first spacecraft to perform a flyby study and capture high-resolution photographs of Pluto and its moons during its encounter. It was engineered by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) and the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), with a team led by Alan Stern.

2016 Nice truck attack

On the evening of 14 July 2016, a 19-tonne cargo truck was deliberately driven into crowds of people celebrating Bastille Day on the Promenade des Anglais in Nice, France, resulting in the deaths of 86 people and injuring 458 others. The driver was Mohamed Lahouaiej-Bouhlel, a Tunisian living in France. The attack ended following an exchange of gunfire, during which he was shot and killed by police. The Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attack, saying Lahouaiej-Bouhlel answered its "calls to target citizens of coalition nations that fight the Islamic State".

France

2016 President of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil special election

A special election for the position of president of the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil took place on July 14, 2016, during the 55th legislature. The election was necessary due to the resignation of Eduardo Cunha, announced on the 7th of that month. According to the Brazilian Constitution, the president of the Chamber of Deputies is the second in line of succession to the Presidency of the Republic (the first being the Vice President).

Brazil

2017 Russian Super Cup

The 2017 Russian Super Cup (Russian: Суперкубок России) was the 15th annual Russian Super Cup match which was contested between the 2016–17 Russian Premier League champion, Spartak Moscow, and the 2016–17 Russian Cup champion, Lokomotiv Moscow. The match was held on 14 July 2017 at the RZD Arena, in Moscow and Spartak Moscow won in extra time.

2018 Freedom and Direct Democracy leadership election

The Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) leadership election of 2018 was held on 14 July 2018. Tomio Okamura was elected for second term.

Czechia

2018 Ekiti State gubernatorial election

The 2018 Ekiti State gubernatorial election occurred in Nigeria on 14 July 2018. APC Governor Kayode Fayemi who ruled from 2010 to 2014 won re-election for a second term, defeating Kolapo Olushola of the PDP. Kayode Fayemi emerged APC gubernatorial candidate after scoring 941 votes and defeating his closest rival, Segun Oni, who received 481 votes. He picked Bisi Egbeyemi as his running mate.

Nigeria

2018 Polish Super Cup

The 2018 Polish Super Cup was the 27th Polish Super Cup, an annual Polish football match played between the reigning winners of the Ekstraklasa and Polish Cup. It was held on 14 July 2018 between the 2017–18 Ekstraklasa and 2017–18 Polish Cup winners Legia Warsaw and the 2017–18 Polish Cup runners-up Arka Gdynia at Legia's home, the Stadion Wojska Polskiego in Warsaw.

Warsaw, Poland

UFC Fight Night: dos Santos vs. Ivanov

UFC Fight Night: dos Santos vs. Ivanov (also known as UFC Fight Night 133) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that was held on July 14, 2018 at CenturyLink Arena in Boise, Idaho, United States.

Idaho, United States

2018 Supercupa României

The 2018 Supercupa României was the 20th edition of the Supercupa României, the annual super cup in Romania. The game was contested by the winners of the previous season's Liga I and Cupa României competitions, CFR Cluj and Universitatea Craiova respectively. It was played at the Ion Oblemenco Stadium in Craiova, on 14 July 2018.

2019 Umeå GippsAero GA8 Airvan crash

On 14 July 2019, a GippsAero GA8 Airvan crashed on a river islet in Sweden, killing all nine people on board. Structural failure of a wing is suspected as the cause of the accident. Consequently, the GippsAero GA8 Airvan was grounded by the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) in Australia, the Civil Aviation Authority (CAANZ) in New Zealand and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) in the European Union.

Sweden

2019 Supercopa MX

The 2019 Supercopa MX was a Mexican football match-up played on 14 July 2019, and is the most-recent edition of the Supercopa MX. It was contested by the champions of the Apertura 2018 Copa MX, Cruz Azul, and the champions of the 2018 Supercopa MX, Necaxa, due to the Clausura 2019 Copa MX champion América competing in the 2019 Campeón de Campeones.

Carson, California, United States

Extreme Rules (2019)

The 2019 Extreme Rules was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) and livestreaming event produced by WWE, held for wrestlers from the promotion's main roster brands, Raw, SmackDown, and 205 Live. It was the 11th annual Extreme Rules event and took place on July 14, 2019, at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The theme of the event was that it featured various hardcore-based matches.

Pennsylvania, United States · Philadelphia, United States

2019 Campeón de Campeones

The 2019 Campeón de Campeones was the 47th edition of the Campeón de Campeones, an annual football super cup match. It took place on 14 July 2019 between América, the Apertura 2018 champion, and Tigres UANL, the Clausura 2019 champion, at the Dignity Health Sports Park (formerly known as the StubHub Center) in Carson, California, hosting for the fourth consecutive year.

United States

2019 Kyrgyzstan Super Cup

The 2019 Kyrgyzstan Football Super Cup (Kyrgyz: Кыргызстандын футбол Суперкубогу) was the 9th Kyrgyzstan Super Cup match, a football match which will contest between the 2019 Top League and 2019 Kyrgyzstan Cup champion, Dordoi, and 2019 Top League and 2019 Kyrgyzstan Cup runners-up Alay.

July 2020 New Zealand National Party leadership election

An election for the parliamentary leadership of the New Zealand National Party by its caucus was held on 14 July 2020, after incumbent Todd Muller resigned earlier that day citing health reasons. Judith Collins became leader of the National Party and of the Opposition of New Zealand.

22nd New York Asian Film Festival

The 22nd New York Asian Film Festival was held in New York on 14 July with North American premiere of South Korean film Killing Romance by Lee Won-suk, who attended the screening in person. In the 22nd edition seventy eight titles were screened in person. The lineup included eight world premieres, nine international premieres, thirty-two North American premieres, three U.S. premieres, and sixteen East Coast/New York premieres.

This entry records the opening, as dated in the source infobox.

United States

2024 Copa América final

The 2024 Copa América final was an international soccer match to determine the winners of the CONMEBOL 2024 Copa América. The match was played at Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida, on July 14, 2024. Kickoff was delayed by over an hour and twenty minutes due to overcrowding and other incidents which occurred near the stadium.

Florida, United States · Miami, United States

UEFA Euro 2024 final

The UEFA Euro 2024 final was a football match that determined the winners of UEFA Euro 2024. The match was the seventeenth final of the European Championship, a quadrennial tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of UEFA to decide the champions of Europe. The match was held at the Olympiastadion in Berlin, Germany, on 14 July 2024, and was contested by Spain, in their fifth final, and England, in their second final, but their first appearance in a major men's tournament final held outside their home country.

Berlin, Germany