3月23日发生过什么？

Battle of Uhud

The Battle of Uhud (Arabic: غزوة أحد‎‎ Ġazwat ‘Uḥud) was fought on Saturday, March 23, 625 (7 Shawwal 3 AH in the Islamic calendar) at the valley located in front of Mount Uhud, in what is now northwestern Arabia. It occurred between a force from the Muslim community of Medina led by the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and a force led by Abu Sufyan ibn Harb from Mecca, the town from which many of the Muslims had previously emigrated. The Battle of Uhud was the second military encounter between the Meccans and the Muslims, preceded by the Battle of Badr in 624, where a small Muslim army had defeated a larger Meccan army.

Medina, Saudi Arabia

Battle of Cesar

The Battle of Cesar, in Portuguese: Batalha de Cesar, was a battle that took place on 23 March 1035, between the armies of Bermudo III, King of León, and the Moorish armies of Abu'l-Qasim, the emir of the Taifa of Seville, near the village of Cesar, Aveiro.

Portugal

Waltham Abbey in England is surrendered to King Henry VIII, the last religious community to be closed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries

Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England and Ireland from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry was born in Greenwich as the second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. His elder brother, Arthur, Prince of Wales, was heir apparent and married Catherine of Aragon, a Spanish princess.

Peace of Longjumeau

The Peace of Longjumeau (also known as the Treaty of Longjumeau or the Edict of Longjumeau) was signed on 23 March 1568 by Charles IX of France and Catherine de' Medici. The edict brought to an end the brief second war of the French Wars of Religion with terms that largely confirmed those of the prior edict of Amboise.

The Peace of Longjumeau (also known as the Treaty of Longjumeau or the Edict of Longjumeau) was signed on 23 March 1568 by Charles IX of France and Catherine de' Medici.

Ternate expedition (1603)

In 1603, a military expedition was launched by a joint of Spanish-Portuguese forces to capture the city of Ternate. The expedition failed to achieve its objectives.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Daman (1694)

The Battle of Daman took place on 23 March 1694, when a Portuguese squadron, commanded by General António Machado de Brito, pursued and attacked an Omani squadron sailing off Daman.

Battle of Chandannagar

In 1757 war broke out between France and Great Britain, and Colonel Robert Clive of the British East India Company and Admiral Charles Watson of the Royal Navy bombarded and captured Chandannagar on 23 March 1757. The town's fortifications and many houses were demolished thereafter, and Chandannagar's importance as a commercial centre was eclipsed by that of Calcutta just downriver. Chandannagar was restored to the French in 1763, but retaken by the British in 1794 in the Napoleonic Wars. The city was returned to France in 1816, along with a 3 sq mi (7.8 km2) enclave of surrounding territory.

Chandannagar, India

Vaudreuil's raid

Vaudreuil's raid, also known as the Battle of Fort William Henry, in March 1757 was a significant winter military operation during the French and Indian War, part of the broader conflict between Britain and France for control of North America. Under the command of Governor François-Pierre Rigaud de Vaudreuil, a French force of approximately 1,600 regulars, Canadian militia, and Native American allies marched across frozen terrain to strike at the British fort located at the southern end of Lake George, in the Province of New York.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Tarvis (1797)

The Battle of Tarvis was fought during 21–23 March 1797 near present-day Tarvisio in far northeast Italy, about 12 kilometres (7 mi) west-by-southwest of the three-border conjunction with Austria and Slovenia, and was the final battle before the end of the War of the First Coalition. In the battle, three divisions of a First French Republic army commanded by Napoleon Bonaparte attacked several columns of the retreating Habsburg Austrian army led by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Italy · Austria

Battle of Feldkirch

The Battle of Feldkirch (23 March 1799) saw a Republican French corps led by André Masséna attack a weaker Habsburg Austrian force under Franz Jellacic. Defending fortified positions, the Austrians repulsed all of the French columns, though the struggle lasted until nightfall. This and other French setbacks in southern Germany soon caused Masséna to go on the defensive. The War of the Second Coalition combat occurred at the Austrian town of Feldkirch, Vorarlberg, located 158 kilometres (98 mi) west of Innsbruck. On a flimsy pretext, a Republican French army invaded Switzerland in January 1798 and forced the country into an uneasy alliance marked by occasional revolts.

Feldkirch, Vorarlberg, Austria

Alexander became Emperor of Russia when his father was assassinated on 23 March 1801

Alexander I of Russia (Russian: Александр I Павлович, romanized: Aleksandr I Pavlovich, IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsandr ˈpavləvʲɪtɕ]; 23 December [O.S. 12 December] 1777 – 1 December [O.S. 19 November] 1825), nicknamed "the Blessed", was Emperor of Russia from 1801, the first King of Congress Poland from 1815, and the Grand Duke of Finland from 1809 to his death in 1825. He ruled Russia during the period of the Napoleonic Wars.

Capture of HMS Penguin

The capture of HMS Penguin was a single-ship action which took place on March 23, 1815 as part of the War of 1812. It occurred when United States Navy brig USS Hornet under the command of James Biddle encountered the British Royal Navy brig-sloop HMS Penguin off Tristan da Cunha, and was one of several naval engagements which occurred after the conflict ended due to the signing of the Treaty of Ghent in 1815.

Liberation of Kalamata

The Liberation of Kalamata took place on 23 March (O.S.) 1821 when Greek irregular revolutionary forces took control of the city after the surrender of the Ottoman garrison, without fighting. It was one of the first events of the Greek War of Independence. Kalamata became the first major town to be liberated.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Greece

A massive earthquake destroys the former capital Inwa of the Konbaung dynasty, present-day Myanmar

The Konbaung dynasty (Burmese: ကုန်းဘောင်မင်းဆက်), also known as the Third Burmese Empire (တတိယမြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်), was the last dynasty that ruled Burma from 1752 to 1885. It created the second-largest empire in Burmese history and continued the administrative reforms begun by the Toungoo dynasty, laying the foundations of the modern state of Burma.

First Italian War of Independence

The First Italian War of Independence (Italian: Prima guerra d'indipendenza italiana), part of the Risorgimento or unification of Italy, was fought by the Kingdom of Sardinia (Piedmont) and Italian volunteers against the Austrian Empire and other conservative states from 23 March 1848 to 22 August 1849 in the Italian Peninsula. The conflict was preceded by the outbreak of the Sicilian revolution of 1848 against the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.

Italy

Battle of Novara (1849)

The Battle of Novara (or Battle of Bicocca; Bicocca being a borough of Novara) was one of the battles fought between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia during the First Italian War of Independence, within the era of Italian unification. Lasting the whole day of 22 March 1849 and ending at dawn on 23 March, it resulted in a severe defeat and retreat of the Piedmontese (Sardinian) army.

Italy

Revolt of Hasan Khan Salar

The Revolt of Hasan Khan Salar (Persian: شورش حسن خان سالار) was a revolt that occurred in Khorasan from 1846 to 1850. It began as a result of the power struggle in the Qajar court. One of the factions manifested itself in Khorasan by Hasan Khan Salar. Salar's revolt sought to promote Bahman Mirza and his claim to power.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Wad Ras

The Battle of Wad-Ras took place on March 23, 1860 within the Hispano-Moroccan War (1859-1860) that, together with the Battle of Castillejos and Tétouan, completed Spain's action in North Africa to reduce the hostilities of the Riffian bands against Ceuta.

Morocco

First Battle of Kernstown

The First Battle of Kernstown was fought on March 23, 1862, in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia, the opening battle of Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's campaign through the Shenandoah Valley during the American Civil War. Attempting to tie down the Union forces in the Valley, under the overall command of Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks, Jackson received incorrect intelligence that a small detachment under Col. Nathan Kimball was vulnerable, but it was in fact a full infantry division more than twice the size of Jackson's force. His initial cavalry attack was forced back and he immediately reinforced it with a small infantry brigade.

Frederick County, Virginia, United States

Siege of Fort Macon

The siege of Fort Macon took place from March 23 to April 26, 1862, on the Outer Banks of Carteret County, North Carolina. It was part of Union Army General Ambrose E. Burnside's North Carolina Expedition during the American Civil War. In late March, 1862, Major General Burnside’s army advanced on Fort Macon, a casemated masonry fort that commanded the channel to Beaufort, 35 miles (56 km) southeast of New Bern.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

Stoneman's 1865 raid

Stoneman's raid in 1865, also called Stoneman's last raid, was a military campaign in the Upper South during the American Civil War, by Union cavalry troops led by General George Stoneman, in the region of eastern Tennessee, western North Carolina and southwestern Virginia. The song "The night they drove old Dixie down" by The Band, mentions Stoneman's cavalry tearing up the tracks that Virgil Cain had worked for the railroad on.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

Battle of Jaguarí

The Battle of Jaguarí was a naval confrontation in the Paraguayan War between Brazilian and Paraguayan flotillas, which took place on March 23, 1866, at the mouth of the Jaguari River, Paraná River. At the time, aboard the steamer Cisnei, were admiral Joaquim Marques Lisboa and generals Osório, Mitre and Flores.

The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law

The University of California (UC) is California's system of public research universities. Headquartered in Oakland, the system is composed of ten campuses at Berkeley, Davis, Irvine, Los Angeles, Merced, Riverside, San Diego, San Francisco, Santa Barbara, and Santa Cruz. The system is the state's land-grant university. Under the California Master Plan for Higher Education, the University of California is a part of the state's three-system public postsecondary education plan, which also includes the California Community Colleges and California State University systems.

1878 FA Cup final

The 1878 FA Cup final was an association football match between Wanderers F.C. and Royal Engineers A.F.C. on 23 March 1878 at Kennington Oval in London. It was the seventh final of the world's oldest football competition, the Football Association Challenge Cup (commonly known in the modern era as the FA Cup).

London, United Kingdom

Battle of Topáter

The Battle of Topáter was fought on March 23, 1879 between Chile and Bolivia, and was the first battle of the War of the Pacific. The Chileans were taking possession of the Antofagasta (Litoral) province, at that time a part of Bolivia. The Bolivian troops, quite few in number, decided to make a stand in the town of Calama. On their way to occupy Calama, 554 Chilean troops, including cavalry and with two Krupp rifled guns, were opposed by 135 Bolivian soldiers and civilian residents led by Dr. Ladislao Cabrera, a civilian and a political authority in the region.

Bolivia · Calama, Chile, Chile

Battle of Phu Lam Tao

The Battle of Phu Lam Tao (23 March 1885) was a politically significant engagement during the Sino-French War (August 1884 – April 1885), in which a French Zouave battalion was defeated by a mixed force of Chinese soldiers and Black Flags.

The first meeting was held at Anderton's Hotel in London on 23 March 1888 on the eve of the FA Cup Final

The English Football League (EFL) is a league of professional clubs from England and Wales. Founded in 1888 as the Football League, it is the oldest football league in the world, and was the top-level football league in England from its foundation until 1992, when the top 22 clubs split from it to form the Premier League.

Mirza Ghulam Ahmad establishes the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community in Ludhiana

On March 23, 1889, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad formally accepted pledges of allegiance from his followers at a home in Ludhiana, in British India. The ceremony marked the establishment of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, a religious movement within Islam.

The founding ceremony took place in Ludhiana; Qadian was Ahmad’s home town.

India

Theriso revolt

The Theriso revolt (Greek: Επανάσταση του Θερίσου, romanized: Epanástasi tou Therísou) was an insurrection that broke out in March 1905 against the government of Crete, then an autonomous state under Ottoman suzerainty. The revolt was led by the Cretan politician Eleftherios Venizelos, and is named after his mother's native village, Theriso, the focal point of the revolt.

Eleftherios Venizelos calls for Crete's union with Greece, and begins what is to be known as the Theriso revolt.

1913 Easter tornado outbreak

On March 23, 1913—Easter Sunday—a devastating tornado outbreak affected the northern Great Plains and sections of the Upper Midwest, lasting approximately 31⁄2 hours. It was the most violent tornado outbreak to affect the northern Great Plains on so early a date in the year—a record that still stands as of 2020. That day, four F4 tornadoes affected portions of eastern Nebraska and western Iowa, killing at least 168 people.

Duan Qirui returns as premier of the Republic of China

On March 23, 1918, Duan Qirui returned to office as premier of the Republic of China’s Beijing government after being reappointed by Feng Guozhang.

China

In Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini founds his Fascist political movement

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician, journalist, and dictator who led the Kingdom of Italy as a fascist dictatorship from 1922 until his overthrow in 1943. Known under his rule as Il Duce, he founded fascism in 1919 with the creation of the Fasci Italiani di Combattimento, which became the National Fascist Party (PNF) in 1921.

Scramoge ambush

The Scramoge ambush was an ambush carried out by the Irish Republican Army (IRA) on 23 March 1921, during the Irish War of Independence. The IRA ambushed a lorry carrying British troops and Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) officers at Scramoge, near Strokestown in County Roscommon. Three British soldiers and an RIC officer were killed, while two RIC 'Black and Tans' were captured and shot dead shortly after.

Santa Catalina mutiny

The 1931 Santa Catalina mutiny took place on March 23, 1931, at the Santa Catalina Fort, located in the neighbourhood of Barrios Altos of Lima, Peru. The mutiny was led by Second sergeant Víctor Faustino Huapaya Chacón and involved practically the entire troop of the 5th Infantry Regiment. However, Sergeant Huapaya did not have any political objective and the mutiny was quickly defeated by troops under the command of the commander Gustavo Jiménez.

Peru

Indian independence movement

The Indian independence movement was a series of political efforts from the mid-1880s to 1947 that took place in the Indian subcontinent with the aim of ending British colonial rule. The first nationalistic movement took root when the Indian National Congress (INC) was formed in 1885. Prominent moderate leaders of the INC worked on demands such as greater economic rights for Indians and the right to appear for Indian Civil Service examinations in British India.

Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar are hanged for the killing of a deputy superintendent of police during the Indian independence movement.

Enabling Act of 1933

The Enabling Act of 1933 (German: Ermächtigungsgesetz, officially titled Gesetz zur Behebung der Not von Volk und Reich lit. 'Law to Remedy the Distress of People and Reich') was a law that gave the German Cabinet—most importantly, the chancellor, Adolf Hitler—the power to make and enforce laws without the involvement of the Reichstag or President Paul von Hindenburg.

Slovak–Hungarian War

The Slovak–Hungarian War, or Little War (Hungarian: Kis háború, Slovak: Malá vojna), was a war fought from 23 March to 31 March 1939 between the First Slovak Republic and Hungary in eastern Slovakia.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Lahore Resolution

The Lahore Resolution, later called the Pakistan Resolution, was a formal political declaration, adopted by the All-India Muslim League on 23 March 1940, that served as the foundational basis for the Pakistan Movement. It was adopted during the League's three-day general session in Lahore, Punjab, from 22 to 24 March 1940, calling for "independent states" in the Muslim-majority regions of British India.

Fazlul Huq, was adopted on 23 March 1940, and its principles formed the foundation for Pakistan's first constitution

The All-India Muslim League (or AIML) was a political party in British India active between 1906 and 1947 that advocated for Muslim interests. The party emerged from the Aligarh Movement and the broader Islamic modernist and communalist traditions, which sought to preserve the distinct social and political identity of Muslims against the more secular policies of the Indian National Congress.

Via Rasella attack

The Via Rasella attack (Italian: attacco di via Rasella) was an action taken by the Italian resistance movement against the Nazi German occupation forces in Rome, Italy, on 23 March 1944.

Italy

Battle of Bacsil Ridge

The Battle of Bacsil Ridge began on 19 March 1945. It was one of the continued main battles of the 1944–1945 Philippines Campaign of the Second World War between the Filipino soldiers under the 121st Infantry Regiment, Philippine Commonwealth Army, USAFIP-NL, under the command of American General Russell W.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Philippines

The World Meteorological Organization’s founding convention enters into force

On March 23, 1950, the convention establishing the World Meteorological Organization entered into force.

The convention had been signed in Washington in 1947.

Operation Tomahawk

Operation Tomahawk was an airborne military operation by the 187th Regimental Combat Team (187th RCT) on 23 March 1951 at Munsan-ni as part of Operation Courageous in the Korean War. Operation Courageous was designed to trap large numbers of Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) and Korean People's Army (KPA) forces between the Han and Imjin Rivers north of Seoul, opposite the Republic of Korea Army (ROK) I Corps.

Operation Ripper

Operation Ripper, also known as the Fourth Battle of Seoul, was a United Nations (UN) military operation conceived by the US Eighth Army, General Matthew Ridgway, during the Korean War. The operation was intended to destroy as much as possible of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) and Korean People's Army (KPA) forces around Seoul and the towns of Hongch'on, 50 miles (80 km) east of Seoul, and Chuncheon, 15 miles (24 km) further north.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

South Korea

Cambodian general election, 1958

General elections were held in Cambodia on 23 March 1958. The Sangkum party received all but 409 of the 1.6 million votes, winning all 61 seats in the National Assembly.

Cambodia

1960 Niuean general election

General elections were held in Niue for the first time on 23 March 1960. A total of 39 candidates contested the 14 seats in the Assembly, with 2,118 voters registered. Voter turnout was 97%.

Niue

Cameroonian presidential election, 1965

Presidential elections were held in Cameroon on 23 March 1965. Incumbent Ahmadou Ahidjo was the only candidate, and won 100% of the vote as the candidate of the Cameroonian Union-Kamerun National Democratic Party alliance. Voter turnout was 95.1%.

Cameroon

Gemini 3

Gemini 3 (officially Gemini III) was the first crewed mission in NASA's Project Gemini and was the first time two American astronauts flew together into space. On March 23, 1965, astronauts Gus Grissom and John Young flew three low Earth orbits in their spacecraft, which they nicknamed Molly Brown.

Operation Oregon

Operation Oregon was a United States Marine Corps operation that took place on the Street Without Joy about 36 km northwest of Huế, lasting from 19 to 23 March 1966.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Operation Silver City

Operation Silver City was an operation conducted by the 1st Brigade, 1st Infantry Division and the 173rd Airborne Brigade in Biên Hòa Province, lasting from 7 to 23 March 1966.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

1968 Western Australian state election

Elections were held in the state of Western Australia on 23 March 1968 to elect all 51 members to the Legislative Assembly and 15 members to the 30-seat Legislative Council. The Liberal-Country coalition government, led by Premier Sir David Brand, won a record fourth term in office against the Labor Party, led by Opposition Leader John Tonkin.

Operation Birch

Operation Birch was an operation launched by the Rhodesian Security Forces in response to a group of 22–25 ZIPRA insurgents crossing the Zambezi River, which marked the border between Rhodesia and Zambia, in January 1970.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

On 23 March 1970, Sihanouk announced the formation of his resistance movement, the National United Front of Kampuchea (FUNK)

Norodom Sihanouk (; 31 October 1922 – 15 October 2012) was King, Chief of State and Prime Minister of Cambodia. He is known as Samdech Euv (meaning "King Father") or by his nickname The Pink Prince. During his lifetime, Cambodia was under various regimes, from French colonial rule (until 1953), a Japanese puppet state (1945), an independent kingdom (1953–1970), a military republic (1970–1975), the Khmer Rouge regime (1975–1979), a Vietnamese-backed communist regime (1979–1989), a transitional communist regime (1989–1993) to eventually another kingdom (since 1993).

1971 United States House of Representatives election in the District of Columbia

On March 23, 1971, the District of Columbia held a special election for its non-voting House delegate representing the District of Columbia's at-large congressional district. This was the first election for the newly re-created district since Norton P. Chipman briefly held the seat during the Reconstruction Era. The winner of the race was Walter E. Fauntroy, a Democrat.

District of Columbia, United States

1980 Polish parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 23 March 1980. The results, like with the other elections in communist Poland, were controlled by the communist government. The results of the 1980 election exactly duplicated the 1976 elections, which were only marginally different from those of the preceding years.

Poland

1979 Empress's Cup final

1979 Empress's Cup Final was the 1st final of the Empress's Cup competition. The final was played at Mitsubishi Yowa Sugamo Ground in Tokyo on March 23, 1980. FC Jinnan won the championship.

Tokyo, Japan

1982 Guatemalan coup d'état

The 1982 Guatemalan coup d'état was a successful military overthrow in Guatemala by junior military officers, ousting the Romeo Lucas Garcia administration and installing a three-man military junta headed by General Efraín Ríos Montt. The general ruled for a brief but bloody 17 months before being overthrown by his defense minister General Oscar Mejia Victores in another coup.

Guatemala

1986 Full Members' Cup final

The 1986 Full Members' Cup final was a football match which took place at Wembley Stadium on 23 March 1986. It was the final of the inaugural Full Members' Cup, the competition created in the wake of the 1985 ban on English clubs from European competitions following the Heysel disaster. Contested between First Division sides Chelsea and Manchester City, the game produced nine goals, with Chelsea prevailing 5–4.

1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election

The elections to the Eighth Kerala Assembly were held on 23 March 1987. The UDF and the LDF were the two major political fronts in the arena. The UDF had the INC(I), IUML, KC(J), KC(M), NDP (P), SRP(S) and the RSP(S) as its constituents. The LDF consisted of the CPI(M), CPI, RSP, IC(S), Janata Party and the Lok Dal.

India

1987 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election

Election for the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir were held on 23 March 1987. Farooq Abdullah was reappointed as the Chief Minister. The election is widely perceived to have been rigged. After the following elections to the Parliament in 1989, which saw low turn-out, Governor's Rule was declared in Jammu and Kashmir in 1990, which lasted till 1996.

Angolan and Cuban forces defeat South Africa in the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale

The Battle of Cuito Cuanavale was fought intermittently between 14 August 1987 and 23 March 1988, south and east of Cuito Cuanavale, Angola, by the People's Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola (FAPLA) and Cuba against South Africa and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) during the Angolan Civil War and South African Border War.

Zimbabwean general election, 1990

General elections were held in Zimbabwe on 23 March 1990 to elect the President and Parliament. They were the first elections to be contested under the amended constitution of 1987, which established an elected executive presidency and abolished the Senate. They were also the first ever elections in the country to be contested on a single roll, i.e. with no separate voting for whites and blacks. The result was a victory for incument President Robert Mugabe, whose ZANU-PF party won 117 of the 120 elected seats in Parliament.

Zimbabwe

Sierra Leone Civil War

The Sierra Leone Civil War (1991–2002) began on 23 March 1991 when the Revolutionary United Front (RUF), with support from the special forces of Charles Taylor’s National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL), intervened in Sierra Leone in an attempt to overthrow the Joseph Momoh government. The resulting civil war lasted 11 years, enveloped the country, and left over 50,000 dead. During the first year of the war, the RUF took control of large swathes of territory in eastern and southern Sierra Leone, which were rich in alluvial diamonds.

Sierra Leone

1993 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill

A spill of the leadership of the Liberal Party of Australia took place on 23 March 1993, following the 1993 federal election. The spill was won by incumbent leader John Hewson over former leader John Howard by 47 votes to 30 while backbencher Bruce Reid attracted only one sole vote, presumably his own. For the Deputy leadership Michael Wooldridge won against Peter Costello.

Aeroflot Flight 593

Aeroflot Flight 593 was a scheduled international passenger flight from Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow, Russia, to Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong. On 23 March 1994, the aircraft operating the route, an Airbus A310 flown by Aeroflot, crashed into the Kuznetsk Alatau mountain range in Kemerovo Oblast, killing all 63 passengers and 12 crew members on board.

Hong Kong

Green Ramp disaster

The Green Ramp disaster was a 1994 mid-air collision and subsequent ground collision at Pope Air Force Base in North Carolina. It killed twenty-four members of the U.S. Army's 82nd Airborne Division preparing for an airborne training operation. As of 2026, this incident has the largest number of ground fatalities for an accidental crash of an aircraft on U.S. soil.

At an election rally in Tijuana, Mexican presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio is assassinated by Mario Aburto Martínez

Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlwis doˈnal.do koˈlo.sjo muˈrje.ta]; 10 February 1950 – 23 March 1994) was a Mexican politician, economist, and Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) presidential candidate, who was assassinated at a campaign rally in Tijuana during the presidential campaign of 1994.

1996 Taiwanese presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Taiwan on 23 March 1996. It was Taiwan's first direct presidential election, officially the Republic of China. In the previous eight elections, the president and vice president had been chosen in a ballot of the deputies of the National Assembly, in accordance with the 1947 constitution. These were the first free and direct elections in the history of Taiwan. Lee Teng-hui was re-elected President, and Lien Chan as Vice President. Lee stood as the candidate for the ruling Kuomintang. He won a majority of 54% of the votes cast.

Taiwan

Battle of Mullaitivu (1997)

The Battle off the coast of Mullaitivu was a naval battle fought between the Sri Lanka Navy and Sea Tigers on 23 March 1997, off the coast of town of Mullaitivu which has been under control of the LTTE since the Battle of Mullaitivu in 1996.

Mullaitivu, Sri Lanka

WrestleMania 13

WrestleMania 13 was a 1997 professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) and presented by PlayStation. It was the 13th annual WrestleMania and was held on March 23, 1997, at the Rosemont Horizon in the Chicago suburb of Rosemont, Illinois. This was the second WrestleMania held at this venue after the middle portion of WrestleMania 2 in 1986.

Illinois, United States · Chicago, United States

The Chengdu J-10 makes its first flight

On March 23, 1998, the prototype Chengdu J-10 fighter made its first flight, flown by test pilot Lei Qiang.

China

Gunmen assassinate Paraguay's Vice President Luis María Argaña

Luis María del Corazón de Jesús Dionisio Argaña Ferraro (October 3, 1932 – March 23, 1999) was a Paraguayan politician and jurist. A prominent and influential member of the Colorado Party, he was a Supreme Court judge, unsuccessfully ran for the Colorado Party's nomination for president in the 1993 election and eventually was elected Vice-President in the 1998 election, but was assassinated seven months after assuming office in March 1999 at a time when it appeared likely that he would inherit the presidency from Raúl Cubas, who was on the verge of being impeached.

Battle of Nasiriyah

The Battle of Nasiriyah was fought between the US 2nd Marine Expeditionary Brigade and Iraqi forces from 23 March to 2 April 2003 during the US-led invasion of Iraq. On the night of 24–25 March, the bulk of the Marines of Regimental Combat Team 1 passed through the city over the bridges and attacked north towards Baghdad.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Iraq

2004 Antiguan general election

General elections were held in Antigua and Barbuda on 23 March 2004. The result was a victory for the opposition United Progressive Party (UPP), which defeated the incumbent Antigua Labour Party. Baldwin Spencer, leader of the UPP, replaced Lester Bird as Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda, with Bird being one of eight Labour MPs to lose his seat.

Antigua and Barbuda

Battle of Wana

The Battle of Wana was a March 2004 military engagement between the Pakistan Army and members of Osama Bin Laden's al-Qaeda at Azam Warsak, near the South Waziristan town of Wana. The army troops and intelligence paramilitary soldiers faced an estimated ~500 al-Qaeda foreign fighters holed up in several fortified settlements. The fighting ended with 17 soldiers dead.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Pakistan

Lake Tharthar raid

The Lake Tharthar raid was an Iraqi commando raid on a large insurgent training camp at Lake Tharthar on March 23, 2005.

Iraq

2007 Iranian arrest of Royal Navy personnel

On 23 March 2007, fifteen Royal Navy personnel from HMS Cornwall were searching a merchant vessel when they were surrounded by the Navy of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards and detained off the Iran–Iraq coast. In the course of events, British forces claimed that the vessel was in Iraqi waters, but the Iranians insisted that they were in Iran's territorial waters.

Official opening of Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Hyderabad, India

Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (IATA: HYD, ICAO: VOHS) is an international airport that serves Hyderabad, the capital of the Indian state of Telangana. It is located in Shamshabad, about 24 kilometres (15 mi) south of Hyderabad and it was opened on 23 March 2008 to replace Begumpet Airport, which was till then the sole civilian airport serving Hyderabad.

Battle of Alasay

The Battle of Alasay, codenamed Operation Dinner Out, was a military operation carried out by French troops of the Chasseurs Alpins's 27e Battalion and the Afghan National Army (ANA) 1st Kandak (battalion) between 14 and 23 March 2009. Marine Embedded Training Team 6-4 as well as other US units provided air support, both with attack helicopters and A-10 and F-15E strike aircraft. The operation enabled the construction of two bases for the Afghan Army in the Alasay valley, which had been guerrilla control since 2006.

Alasay, Afghanistan · Kapisa Province, Afghanistan

FedEx Express Flight 80

FedEx Express Flight 80 was a scheduled cargo flight from Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport in the People's Republic of China, to Narita International Airport in Narita, Chiba Prefecture (near Tokyo), Japan. On March 23, 2009, a McDonnell Douglas MD-11F (N526FE) operating the flight crashed at 6:48 am JST (21:48 UTC, March 22), while attempting a landing on Runway 34L in gusty wind conditions.

People's Republic of China · Japan

The Affordable Care Act becomes law in the United States

The Affordable Care Act (ACA), formally the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) and informally known as Obamacare, is a landmark U.S. federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010. Together with amendments made to it by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, it represents the U.S. healthcare system's most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of coverage since the enactment of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965.

Nanping school massacre

The Nanping school massacre (Chinese: 福建南平校园惨案) occurred at Nanping City Experimental Elementary School in the city of Nanping, Fujian Province, China, in which a man used a knife to kill eight children and seriously wound five others. The incident occurred on 23 March 2010, around 7:20 am local time. It was the first incident in a string of school attacks in China.

People's Republic of China

World Series of Fighting 2: Arlovski vs. Johnson

World Series of Fighting 2: Arlovski vs. Johnson was a mixed martial arts event held on March 23, 2013 at the Revel Casino in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States.

United States

2014 Belarusian municipal elections

27th convocation local councils of Republic of Belarus elections were held on 23 March 2014. 1328 Local Deputy Councils were filled with 18,816 representatives. Moreover, at the same time elections of single deputy to House of Representatives of National Assembly were held in Gomel-Navabielicki 36 electoral district where government-favoured candidate was removed from elections just before 2012 parliamentary election, and the only candidate left did not receive enough support.

Belarus

UFC Fight Night: Shogun vs. Henderson 2

UFC Fight Night: Shogun vs. Henderson 2 (also known as UFC Fight Night 38) was a mixed martial arts event held on March 23, 2014, at the Ginásio Nélio Dias in Natal, Brazil.

2014 Kajang by-election

A by-election was held for the Selangor State Assembly seat of Kajang on 23 March 2014 following the nomination day on 11 March 2014. The seat was vacated after the incumbent assemblyman, Lee Chin Cheh resigned on 27 January 2014. Lee was an assemblyman from the Parti Keadilan Rakyat, a component party of Pakatan Rakyat. He won by a majority of 6,824 votes against 5 other candidates in the general elections in 2013.

2014 FA Trophy final

The 2014 FA Trophy Final was the 45th final of the Football Association's cup competition for levels 5–8 of the English football league system. The match was contested between Cambridge United of the Conference Premier and Gosport Borough of the Conference South.

United Kingdom

2014 Paris municipal election

The 2014 Paris Municipal elections took place on 23 and 30 March 2014, at the same time as other French municipal elections. Anne Hidalgo of the Socialist Party was elected mayor of Paris, becoming the first woman to hold that position. She had been the city's deputy mayor. Hidalgo won with around 55% of the vote in the second round.

This entry records the first round, as dated in the source infobox.

Rey de Reyes (2016)

Rey de Reyes (2016) (Spanish for "King of Kings") was a professional wrestling event produced by the Lucha Libre AAA World Wide (AAA) promotion. The event was originally announced for March 11, 2016 in Tampico, Tamaulipas, but was later rescheduled to March 23, 2016 in San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí with no official explanation given for the move.

Mexico

2017 City of London Corporation election

The 2017 City of London Corporation election took place on 23 March 2017 to elect members of the Court of Common Council in the City of London Corporation. The election was the first time apart from a 2014 by-election that partisan candidates were elected to the body. Fifteen of the hundred seats on the council were won by political parties: the newly created Temple & Farringdon Together party and the Labour Party.

Fall of Sangin

The town of Sangin, in Helmand Province, Afghanistan, was captured by the Taliban on 23 March 2017. For two months, the Taliban had launched fresh attacks in trying to recapture the town.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Afghanistan

UFC Fight Night: Thompson vs. Pettis

UFC Fight Night: Thompson vs. Pettis (also known as UFC Fight Night 148 or UFC on ESPN+ 6) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that was held on March 23, 2019 at Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee.

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

2019 Scottish Challenge Cup final

The 2019 Scottish Challenge Cup final, also known as the IRN-BRU Cup final for sponsorship reasons, was a football match that took place on 23 March 2019, between Ross County and Connah's Quay Nomads. It was the 28th final of the Scottish Challenge Cup since it was first organised in 1990 to celebrate the centenary of the now defunct Scottish Football League, and the sixth since the SPFL was formed.

2019 New South Wales state election

The 2019 New South Wales state election was held on Saturday 23 March 2019 to elect the 57th Parliament of New South Wales, including all 93 seats in the Legislative Assembly and 21 of the 42 seats in the Legislative Council. The election was conducted by the New South Wales Electoral Commission (NSWEC).

Battle of Baghuz Fawqani

The Battle of Baghuz Fawqani was an offensive by the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), assisted by Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve (CJTF-OIR) coalition airstrikes, artillery, and special forces personnel, that began on 9 February 2019 as part of the Deir ez-Zor campaign of the Syrian Civil War.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

KSW 47: The X-Warriors

KSW 47: The X-Warriors was a mixed martial arts event held on 23 March 2019 at Atlas Arena in Łódź, Poland.

Poland

2019 Supercopa de Chile

The 2019 Supercopa de Chile (known as the Súper Copa Easy 2019 for sponsorship purposes) was the seventh edition of the Supercopa de Chile, championship organised by the Asociación Nacional de Fútbol Profesional (ANFP). The match was played by the 2018 Chilean Primera División champions Universidad Católica and the 2018 Copa Chile winners Palestino on 23 March 2019 at Estadio Sausalito in Viña del Mar.

New South Wales elects its Legislative Council in 2019

On March 23, 2019, voters in New South Wales, Australia, elected 21 of the 42 members of the Legislative Council, the state parliament’s upper house.

Australia

A container ship runs aground and obstructs the Suez Canal for six days

The Suez Canal (; Egyptian Arabic: قناة السويس, Qanāt as-Suwais) is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia (and by extension, the Sinai Peninsula from the rest of Egypt). The 193.3-kilometre-long (120.1-mile) canal is a key trade route between Europe and Asia.

2023 Salgueiro raid

On March 23, 2023, Brazilian police raided a favela in São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro in search of drug traffickers from Comando Vermelho. Thirteen drug traffickers were killed in the raid, and two were arrested. The raid was one of the deadliest in Rio de Janeiro history.

Brazil

2023–24 Caddo Parish sheriff election

Caddo Parish held its regularly scheduled election for sheriff in 2023 as part of the 2023 Louisiana elections. Incumbent Republican Steve Prator retired, leaving an open seat. In the first round, held on October 14, Republican John Nickelson and Democrat Henry L. Whitehorn, Sr. were the highest-placing candidates, advancing to a November 18 runoff. In the runoff, Whitehorn beat Nickelson by exactly one vote; however, Nickelson filed a lawsuit seeking a rerun of the election due to various alleged irregularities. The rerun election was held on March 23, 2024, alongside the presidential primaries in the state.

Louisiana, United States

2024 Missouri Democratic presidential primary

The 2024 Missouri Democratic presidential primary was held on March 23, 2024, as part of the Democratic Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. It took place on the same day as the primary in Louisiana. 64 delegates to the Democratic National Convention were allocated, with 6 additional unpledged delegates, in the open party-run primary. Votes were counted on March 25 and announced on March 28.

Missouri, United States

2024 Louisiana Republican presidential primary

The 2024 Louisiana Republican presidential primary was held on March 23, 2024, as part of the Republican Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. 47 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention were allocated on a winner-take-all basis.

Louisiana, United States

2024 Louisiana Democratic presidential primary

The 2024 Louisiana Democratic presidential primary was held on March 23, 2024, as part of the Democratic Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. It took place on the same day as the primary in Missouri. 48 delegates to the Democratic National Convention were allocated in a closed primary, with 5 additional unpledged delegates. President Joe Biden won every parish and all delegates in a crowded field with seven other options on the ballot.

Louisiana, United States

UFC on ESPN: Ribas vs. Namajunas

UFC on ESPN: Ribas vs. Namajunas (also known as UFC on ESPN 53 and UFC Vegas 89) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on March 23, 2024, at the UFC Apex in Enterprise, Nevada, part of the Las Vegas Valley, United States.

Nevada, United States

2024 OFC Women's Champions League final

The 2024 OFC Women's Champions League final was the final match of the 2024 OFC Women's Champions League, the 2nd edition of the OFC Women's Champions League, Oceania's premier women's club football tournament organized by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The final was a single match between Papua New Guinea's Hekari United and New Zealand's Auckland United. The match took place at National Stadium in Honiara on 23 March 2024.

2024 Dunstan state by-election

A by-election for the seat of Dunstan in the South Australian House of Assembly was held on 23 March 2024, following the resignation of incumbent member and former premier Steven Marshall, which was announced on 24 January 2024. Labor candidate Cressida O'Hanlon, who challenged Marshall for the seat two years earlier, was elected the new member, defeating Liberal candidate Anna Finizio.

2024 Tasmanian state election

The 2024 Tasmanian state election was held on 23 March 2024 to elect all 35 members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. The House of Assembly uses the proportional Hare-Clark system of voting, with the 35 members elected from five seven-member constituencies. The Assembly's size was increased from 25 to 35 seats at this election, under the provisions of the Expansion of House of Assembly Act 2022, assented to in December 2022.

2024 Slovak presidential election, first round

Slovakia held the first round of its presidential election on March 23, 2024. No candidate won a majority of valid votes, and Ivan Korčok and Peter Pellegrini advanced to the April 6 runoff.

The runoff was held on April 6, 2024.

Slovakia

Rafah paramedic massacre

On 23 March 2025, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) attacked several humanitarian vehicles, including five ambulances, a fire truck, and a United Nations vehicle, in Al-Hashashin area in southern Rafah, Gaza Strip. The massacre resulted in the deaths of 15 aid workers, including eight members of the Palestine Red Crescent Society, five civil defense, and one UN agency employee.

2025 CONCACAF Nations League final

The 2025 CONCACAF Nations League final was a soccer match to determine the winner of the 2024–25 CONCACAF Nations League. The match was the fourth final of the CONCACAF Nations League, an international tournament contested by the men's national teams representing the member associations of CONCACAF, which covers North America, Central America, and the Caribbean.

United States

28th Málaga Film Festival

The 28th Málaga Film Festival ran in Málaga, Spain, from 14 to 23 March 2025.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Spain

ONE 172

ONE 172: Takeru vs. Rodtang was a combat sports event produced by ONE Championship that took place on March 23, 2025, at the Saitama Super Arena in Saitama, Japan.

2026 Colombian Air Force Lockheed C-130 crash

On 23 March 2026, a Colombian Aerospace Force Lockheed C-130 Hercules crashed into dense jungle while taking off from Caucayá Airport in Puerto Leguízamo en route to Tres de Mayo Airport in Puerto Asís, both located in Colombia's Putumayo department near the border with Peru and Ecuador. There were 126 people on board, of whom 69 were killed, and 57 survived with injuries.