5月31日发生过什么？

Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome

Petronius Maximus (c. 397 – 31 May 455) was Roman emperor of the West for two and a half months in 455. A wealthy senator and a prominent aristocrat, he was instrumental in the murders of the Western Roman magister militum, Aëtius, and the Western Roman emperor, Valentinian III.

Battle of Damme

The Battle of Damme was fought on 30 and 31 May 1213 during the 1213–1214 Anglo-French War. An English fleet led by William Longespée, Earl of Salisbury accidentally encountered a large French fleet under the command of Savari de Mauléon in the vicinity of the port of Damme, in Flanders. The French crews were mostly ashore, pillaging the countryside, and the English captured 300 French ships at anchor, and looted and fired a further hundred beached ships.

Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu

Emperor Xuanzong of Jin (18 April 1163 – 14 January 1224), personal name Wudubu, sinicized names Wanyan Xun and Wanyan Congjia, was the eighth emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty of China. He was the second Jin emperor to be defeated by the Mongol Empire, and the first after they crossed the Great Wall in 1211 during the Jin campaign.

Sieges of Zhongdu

The Sieges of Zhongdu took place in 1214 and 1215 during the Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty. Zhongdu, the capital of the Jin dynasty and located in present-day Beijing, was progressively isolated by the forces of the Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan. After earlier Mongol incursions and the relocation of the Jin court to Kaifeng, the city endured prolonged blockade and famine before surrendering in June 1215.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

People's Republic of China

Battle of the Kalka River

The Battle of the Kalka River was fought between the Mongol Empire, whose armies were led by Jebe and Subutai, and a coalition of several Rus' principalities, including Kiev and Galicia-Volhynia, and the Cumans under Köten. They were under the joint command of Mstislav the Bold and Mstislav III of Kiev. The battle was fought on May 31, 1223 on the banks of the Kalka River in present-day Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, and ended in a decisive Mongol victory.

Ukraine

Mongols depart Java after the failed Mongol invasion against King Kertanegara of Singhasari

The Yuan dynasty under Kublai Khan attempted in 1293 to invade Java, an island in modern Indonesia, with 20,000 to 30,000 soldiers. This was intended as a punitive expedition against Kertanegara of Singhasari, who had refused to pay tribute to the Yuan and maimed one of their emissaries. However, in the intervening years between Kertanegara's refusal and the expedition's arrival on Java, Kertanegara had been killed and Singhasari had been usurped by Kediri.

Battle of Lucka

The Battle of Lucka occurred on 31 May 1307 near the village of Lucka. The settlement was first mentioned in 1320, but had already existed for around 700 years before that. Lucka is located in the Altenburger Land district of Thuringia. The battle was fought between the German king Albert I of the Habsburg dynasty and the Margrave Friedrich I of Meissen from the House of Wettin over the disputed ownership of the decedent estates left by Henry III the Illustrious, margrave of Meissen and Lusatia and Landgrave of Thuringia.

Thuringia, Germany

First Battle of Acentejo

The First Battle of Acentejo took place on the island of Tenerife between the Guanches and an alliance of Spaniards, other Europeans, and associated natives (mostly from other islands), on 31 May 1494, during the Spanish conquest of this island. It resulted in a victory for the Guanches of Tenerife.

First Battle of Öland

The First Battle of Öland (Swedish: Första slaget vid Ölands norra udde), was part of the Nordic Seven Years War (1563-1570), which broke out as a result of King Erik XIV’s claim for dominion over the Baltic Sea, which "challenged the trade interests of both Denmark and the Hanseatic city of Lubeck".

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

King Henry III lays the first stone of the Pont Neuf (New Bridge), the oldest bridge of Paris, France

The Pont Neuf (French pronunciation: [pɔ̃ nœf], "New Bridge") is the oldest standing bridge across the river Seine in Paris, France. It stands by the western (downstream) point of the Île de la Cité, the island in the middle of the river that between 250 and 225 BC was the birthplace of Paris (then known as Lutetia). During the medieval period, the Île was the heart of the city.

Siege of Älvsborg (1612)

The siege of Älvsborg was a siege of the Swedish castle of Älvsborg by a Danish army under the command of Christian IV in the summer of 1612 as part of the Kalmar War. Despite the Swedes' strong defense, their commander Olof Andersson Stråle ultimately surrendered to the Danes' larger fighting forces.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Sweden

Battle of the Alma (1628)

The battle of the Alma (Ukrainian: Битва на Альмі) was a battle that took place on 31 of May, 1628 between a 4,000-strong army of the Zaporozhian Cossacks led by hetman Mykhailo Doroshenko and a colonel Olifer Holub, and the Budjak Horde army of Khan Temir, supported by the Ottoman janissaries. In the course of battle, Zaporozhian Cossacks defeated the army of Khan Temir, which allowed them to lift the siege of Bakhchysarai.

Siege of Worcester (1643)

The short siege of Worcester (29–31 May 1643) was conducted by a Parliamentary army of about 3,000 under the command of Sir William Waller. They failed to capture the city, which was defended by about 1,700 Royalists under the command of Colonel William Sandys the acting governor, and retreated back to the Parliamentary stronghold of Gloucester.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

United Kingdom

Capture of Fort Casimir

The capture of Fort Casimir was an intercolonial confrontation between New Sweden and New Netherland in Delaware in 1654. A Swedish force of 1 sloop and 20 to 30 armed soldiers under Johan Risingh attacked the Dutch-controlled Fort Casimir under Sergeant Gerrit Bicker and a garrison of 10–12 men on 31 May 1654. It ended with a Swedish victory, and the fort was captured by Johan Risingh.

United States

Battle of Møn

The Battle of Møn, also known as the Battle of Fehmarn, took place 31 May–1 June 1677, as part of the Scanian War. A smaller Swedish squadron under Admiral Erik Sjöblad attempted to sail from Gothenburg to join the main Swedish fleet in the Baltic Sea. It was intercepted by a superior Danish-Norwegian force under Niels Juel and decimated over the course of two days.

Landing at Barcelona (1704)

The Landing at Barcelona was a failed Allied attempt in May 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession to capture the city of Barcelona from its Spanish pro-Bourbon defenders.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Spain

Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)

The Russo-Turkish War of 1735–1739 between Russia and the Ottoman Empire was caused by the Ottoman Empire's war with Persia and the continuing raids by the Crimean Tatars. The war also represented Russia's ongoing struggle for access to the Black Sea. In 1737, the Habsburg monarchy joined the war on Russia's side, known in historiography as the Austro-Turkish War of 1737–1739.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Action of 31 May 1762

The Action of 31 May 1762 was a minor naval engagement that took place off the Spanish coast off Cadiz, between a British Royal Naval frigate and a sloop against a Spanish frigate during the recently declared Anglo-Spanish War (1762–63). When the Spanish ship surrendered, it was found that she carried a large cargo of gold and silver that would lead to the greatest amount of prize money awarded to British warships.

Cádiz, Spain

Battle of Nauplia (1770)

Fought during the Russo-Turkish War, 1768–1774, this battle took place between 27 and 31 May 1770 at the entrance to the Argolic Gulf in the Ottoman Empire, when a Russian fleet under John Elphinstone engaged a larger Ottoman fleet. Although no ships were lost on either side, Russian casualties were heavy and they had to withdraw. Some sources describe the battle as an Ottoman victory, while others regard it as a Russian success.

Copyright Act of 1790

The Copyright Act of 1790 was the first federal copyright act to be instituted in the United States, though most of the states had passed various legislation securing copyrights in the years immediately following the Revolutionary War.

This entry records the signing, as dated in the source infobox.

Action of 31 May 1796

The action of 31 May 1796 was a small action during the French Revolutionary Wars in which a Royal Navy squadron under the command of Commodore Horatio Nelson, in the 64-gun third-rate ship of the line HMS Agamemnon, captured a seven-vessel French convoy that was sailing along the coast from Menton to Vado in the Mediterranean. The British succeeded in capturing the entire convoy, with minimal casualties to themselves.

Action of 30 May 1798

The action of 30 May 1798 was a minor naval engagement between a small British squadron and a small French squadron off the coast of Normandy, France during the French Revolutionary Wars. A British blockading force, which had been conducting patrols in the region in the aftermath of the battle of St Marcou earlier in the month, encountered two French vessels attempting to sail unnoticed between Le Havre and Cherbourg-en-Cotentin.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Combat of Turbigo

The combat of Turbigo was a military engagement of the War of the Second Coalition that took place on 31 May 1800 (11 Prairial VIII) in Turbigo between Austrian and French forces, the latter coming from Piedmont after crossing the Alps.

Lombardy, Italy

Battle of Diamond Rock

The Battle of Diamond Rock (French: Bataille du rocher du Diamant, Spanish: Batalla de la roca del Diamante) took place between 31 May and 2 June 1805 during the War of the Third Coalition, when a Franco-Spanish force dispatched under Captain Julien Cosmao was able to retake Diamond Rock, on the approach to Fort-de-France, from the British forces that had occupied it over a year before.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Čegar

The Battle of Čegar (Serbian: Битка на Чегру/Bitka na Čegru), also known as the Battle of Kamenica (Бој на Каменици/Boj na Kamenici) took place during the First Serbian Uprising between the Serbian Revolutionaries and Ottoman forces near the Niš Fortress on 31 May 1809. Fought on the Čegar hill situated between the villages of Donji Matejevac and Kamenica near Niš in what is today southeastern Serbia, it ended in an Ottoman victory.

Action of 31 May 1809

The action of 31 May 1809 was a naval skirmish in the Bay of Bengal during the Napoleonic Wars. During the action, East India Company convoy carrying goods worth over £500,000 was attacked and partially captured by the French frigate Caroline. The three East Indiamen that made up the convoy fought against their opponent with their own batteries of cannon but ultimately were less powerful, less manoeuvrable and less trained than their opponent and were defeated one by one; only the smallest of the three escaped.

Battle of Stralsund (1809)

The Battle of Stralsund took place on 31 May 1809 during the Dano-Swedish War of 1808–1809 and Franco-Swedish War, both part of the larger Napoleonic Wars. It was fought between Prussian freikorps under Ferdinand von Schill and French, Dutch and Dano-Norwegian troops in Stralsund. In a "vicious street battle", Schill's army was defeated and he was killed in action.

Battle of Bornos (1812)

The Battle of Bornos on 31 May 1812, saw a Spanish force led by Francisco Ballesteros attack an Imperial French division under Nicolas François Conroux. Though the Spanish achieved surprise, the outnumbered French soldiers fought back and drove off their assailants. The Spanish suffered losses considerably higher than the French. Bornos is located on Route 342 about 40 miles (64 km) northeast of Jerez de la Frontera.

Bornos, Spain

1825 Michigan Territorial Council election

The 1825 Michigan Territorial Council election was held in the Territory of Michigan to elect the members of the territory's legislative council.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

Skirmish of Århus

Skirmish of Århus or Rytterfægtningen on 31 May 1849 was a skirmish during the First Schleswig War between Denmark and Prussia under the German Confederation, a few kilometers north of the city of Aarhus, Denmark. The skirmish was a Danish victory that stopped the Prussian advance through the peninsula of Jutland at the city of Aarhus.

Battle of Palestro

The Battle of Palestro was fought on 30/31 May 1859 between the Austrian Empire and the combined forces of the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont and France. The Franco-Piedmontese forces were victorious.

Italy

Battle of Seven Pines

The Battle of Seven Pines, also known as the Battle of Fair Oaks or Fair Oaks Station, took place on May 31 and June 1, 1862, in Henrico County, Virginia, as part of the Peninsula campaign of the American Civil War. The Union's Army of the Potomac, commanded by Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, had moved up the Virginia Peninsula, reaching the outskirts of Richmond, the Confederate capital.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

Battle of Cold Harbor

The Battle of Cold Harbor was fought during the American Civil War near Mechanicsville, Virginia, from May 31 to June 12, 1864, with the most significant fighting occurring on June 3. It was one of the final battles of Union Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign. Thousands of Union soldiers were killed or wounded in the frontal assault of June 3 against the fortified positions of Confederate Gen.

The Battle of Cold Harbor was fought during the American Civil War near Mechanicsville, Virginia, from May 31 to June 12, 1864, with the most significant fighting occurring on June 3.

Johnstown Flood

The Johnstown Flood, sometimes referred to locally as the Great Flood of 1889, occurred on Friday, May 31, 1889, after the catastrophic failure of the South Fork Dam, located on the south fork of the Little Conemaugh River, 14 miles (23 km) upstream of the town of Johnstown, Pennsylvania, United States. The dam ruptured after several days of extremely heavy rainfall, releasing 14.55 million cubic meters of water.

May 1893 Serbian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Serbia on 31 May 1893. They were held following a coup d'état by King Alexander in April, which removed the Liberal government which had remained in power following the March 1893 elections. The People's Radical Party won a large majority.

Serbia

Treaty of Vereeniging

The Treaty of Vereeniging was a peace treaty, signed on 31 May 1902, that ended the Second Boer War between the South African Republic and the Orange Free State on the one side, and the United Kingdom on the other. This settlement provided for the end of hostilities and eventual self-government to the Transvaal (South African Republic) and the Orange Free State as British colonies.

1903 German football championship final

The 1903 German football championship final decided the winner of the 1903 German football championship, the 1st edition of the German football championship, a knockout football cup competition contested by the regional league winners to determine the national champions. The match was played on 31 May 1903 at the Exerzierweide in Altona. VfB Leipzig won the match 7–2 against DFC Prag to become the first national champions in German football history.

The South Africa Act comes into force, establishing the Union of South Africa

The Union of South Africa (Dutch: Unie van Zuid-Afrika; Afrikaans: Unie van Suid-Afrika, ) was a British Dominion and, later, a Commonwealth realm in southern Africa from 1910 to 1961. It was the historical predecessor to the present-day Republic of South Africa. It came into existence on 31 May 1910 with the unification of the Cape, Natal, Transvaal, and Orange River colonies.

Australian federal election, 1913

Federal elections were held in Australia on 31 May 1913. All 75 seats in the House of Representatives, and 18 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Australian Labor Party led by Prime Minister Andrew Fisher was defeated by the opposition Commonwealth Liberal Party led by Joseph Cook, by a single seat. The new government also held a minority of seats in the Senate. The government would lose the double dissolution 15 months later at the 1914 election. The 1913 election was held in conjunction with six referendum questions, none of which was carried.

Australia

Night action at the Battle of Jutland

The Battle of Jutland took place in the North Sea between the German High Seas Fleet and British Grand Fleet on the afternoon and evening of 31 May 1916, continuing sporadically through the night into the early hours of 1 June. The battle was the only direct engagement between the two fleets throughout World War I.

Battle of Jutland

The Battle of Jutland (German: Skagerrakschlacht, lit. 'Battle of the Skagerrak') was a naval battle between Britain's Royal Navy Grand Fleet, under Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, and the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet, under Vice-Admiral Reinhard Scheer, during the First World War. The battle unfolded in extensive manoeuvring and three main engagements from 31 May to 1 June 1916, off the North Sea coast of Denmark's Jutland Peninsula.

World War I: Battle of Jutland: The British Grand Fleet engages the High Seas Fleet in the largest naval battle of the war, which proves indecisive.

Battle of Skra-di-Legen

The Battle of Skra-di-Legen was a two-day battle which took place at the Skra fortified position, located northeast of Mount Paiko, which is north-west of Thessaloniki, on May 29–30, 1918, on the Macedonian front of World War I. The battle was the first large-scale employment on the front of Greek troops of the National Defense Army Corps (Greece, united after the National Schism, had joined the war in summer 1917), and resulted in the elimination of a whole enemy regiment (the 49th) and the capture of the heavily fortified Bulgarian positions.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Greece

1919 Tasmanian state election

The 1919 Tasmanian state election was held on 31 May 1919 in the Australian state of Tasmania to elect 30 members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. The election used the Hare-Clark proportional representation system — six members were elected from each of five electorates. By the 1919 election, the Liberal Party had regrouped and been renamed as the Nationalist Party.

Battle for the Donbas (1919)

The battle for Donbas was a military campaign of the Russian Civil War that lasted from January to May 1919, in which White forces repulsed attacks of the Red Army on the Don Host Oblast and occupied the Donbas region after heavy fighting.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Bystryk

The Battle of Bystrzyk happened on May 31, 1920, near the village of Bystryk near Kiev. It was a part of the ill-fated offensive of the Budyonny's Cavalry Army assault on the Polish-Ukrainian troops defending Kiev after their offensive on Kiev a month earlier, during the Polish-Bolshevik War. The Bolshevik assault started on May 26, with the aim of cutting off the Polish 2nd and 3rd Armies and encircling them in a huge pocket. One of the assaulting divisions of the Cavalry Army, the Soviet 11th Cavalry Division, managed to break the front line between the two Polish armies and assaulted a fortified village of Bystrzyk, defended only by a single infantry company of the Polish 50th Kresy Rifles Regiment.

Kyiv, Ukraine

Leitrim County Council election, 1920

An election to Leitrim County Council took place on 31 May 1920 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 19 councillors were elected from 5 electoral divisions by PR-STV voting for a five-year term of office. Sinn Féin won every seat for election. The large majority of seats were uncontesed, although in Manorhamilton, where seats were contested, Sinn Féin won a massive majority of the votes and as such still secured every seat.

United Kingdom

Battle of Wołodarka

The Battle of Wołodarka was a clash between the Polish Army and Semyon Budyonny's First Cavalry Army. It took place between 29 and 31 May 1920, near the Ukrainian village of Volodarka, in the course of the Polish Offensive on Kiev during the Polish-Soviet War.

Kyiv, Ukraine

1920 Ganja revolt

The 1920 Ganja revolt (Azerbaijani: Gəncə üsyanı) was a popular uprising against the Soviet occupation that took place in Ganja on 26 to 31 May 1920. The goal of the uprising was to liberate Azerbaijan from the Soviet army and put an end to the arbitrariness of the communists. This was the largest rebellion against Soviet rule in Azerbaijan in the 20th century, and caused the most losses.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Azerbaijan

Tulsa race massacre

The Tulsa race massacre was a two-day-long terrorist massacre perpetrated by white supremacists that took place in the Greenwood District of Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States, between May 31 and June 1, 1921. Mobs of white residents, some of whom had been armed and appointed as deputies by city government officials, attacked black residents and their homes and businesses.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Hope Development School fire

The Hope Development School fire started about 9 p.m. on the evening of May 31, 1924 in Playa Del Rey, Los Angeles, California. The fire at the Hope Development School for Deficient Girls killed 24 people, primarily the mentally disabled or behaviorally challenged girls who were residents of the home, as well as the matron and her eight-year-old son.

California, United States

Second encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet

The second encirclement campaign (Chinese: 第二次围剿) against Jiangxi Soviet was a series of battles launched by the Chinese Nationalist Government in the hope of encircling and destroying the Jiangxi Soviet after the previous campaign had failed. The Red Army repelled the encirclement by launching their second counter-encirclement campaign (Chinese: 中央苏区第二次反围剿), also called by the communists as the second counter-encirclement campaign at Central Revolutionary Base (Chinese: 中央革命根据地第二次反围剿), in which the local Chinese Red Army successfully defended the Jiangxi Soviet against the Nationalist attacks from April 1, 1931, to May 31, 1931.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

The Tanggu Truce, sometimes called the , was a ceasefire that was signed between military forces of the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan in Tanggu, Tianjin, on May 31, 1933

The Tanggu Truce, sometimes called the Tangku Truce (Japanese: 塘沽協定, Hepburn: Tōko kyōtei; traditional Chinese: 塘沽協定; simplified Chinese: 塘沽协定; pinyin: Tánggū Xiédìng), was a ceasefire that was signed between military forces of the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan in Tanggu, Tianjin, on May 31, 1933. It ended the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, which had begun in September 1931.

1935 Quetta earthquake

An earthquake occurred on 31 May 1935 between 2:30 am and 3:40 am at Quetta, Baluchistan Agency (now part of Pakistan), close to the border with southern Afghanistan. The earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7 Mw and anywhere between 30,000 and 60,000 people died from the impact. It was recorded as the deadliest earthquake to strike South Asia until 2005.

Pakistan

Bombardment of Almería

The Bombardment of Almería was a naval action which took place on 31 May 1937, during the Spanish Civil War. The Kriegsmarine bombed the city of Almeria in retaliation for a Republican air attack on the German cruiser Deutschland.

Almería, Spain

Bombing of Granollers

The Bombing of Granollers took place during the Spanish Civil War in 1938. On 31 May 1938, the Italian Aviazione Legionaria bombed the town of Granollers. There were between 100 and 224 civilian deaths.

Spain

Siege of Lille (1940)

The siege of Lille or Lille pocket (28–31 May 1940) took place during the Battle of France in the Second World War. The siege of the French IV Corps and V Corps (about 40,000 men) of the First Army (General René Prioux) was conducted by four German infantry divisions supported by three panzer divisions.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

France

Attack on Sydney Harbour

From 31 May to 8 June 1942, during World War II, Imperial Japanese Navy submarines made a series of attacks on the Australian cities of Sydney and Newcastle. On the night of 31 May – 1 June, three Ko-hyoteki-class midget submarines (M-14, M-21 and M-24), each with a two-member crew, entered Sydney Harbour, avoided the partially constructed Sydney Harbour anti-submarine boom net, and attempted to sink Allied warships.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Australia

Raid on Taipei

The Taihoku Air Raid also known as Operation Wildfire by British India was the largest Allied air raid on the city of Taihoku (modern-day Taipei), then capital of Japanese-ruled Taiwan, during World War II. Many residents were killed in the raid and tens of thousands wounded or displaced.

Battle of Villa Verde Trail

The Battle of Villa Verde Trail (Filipino: Labanan sa Tugaygayan ng Villa Verde) was a campaign by the United States Army and Filipino guerrillas in the Philippines during World War II in 1945 to force its way across the Caraballo Mountains from the Central Luzon plain to the Cagayan Valley. Somewhat to the surprise of the Americans, the Japanese had constructed strong defenses along the narrow and winding Villa Verde Trail, 27 miles (43 km) in length.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Philippines

Battle of Wawa Dam

The Battle of Wawa Dam (Filipino: Labanan sa Dam ng Wawa), also known as the Seizure of Wawa Dam (Filipino: Pag-agaw sa Dam ng Wawa), was a subsidiary action of the Battle of Manila to secure the vital water sources east of the capital. It was the longest continuous combat during the Liberation of the Philippines, lasting from February 20–May 31, 1945.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Philippines

Ferenc Nagy, the democratically elected Prime Minister of Hungary, resigns from office after blackmail from the Hungarian Communist Party accusing him of being part of a plot against the state. This grants the Communists effective control of the Hungarian government

Ferenc Nagy (8 October 1903 – 12 June 1979) was a Hungarian politician of the Smallholders Party who served as Prime Minister of Hungary from 1946 until his forced resignation in 1947. He was also a Speaker of the National Assembly of Hungary and a member of the High National Council from 1945 to 1946.

1949 Los Angeles mayoral election

The 1949 Los Angeles mayoral election took place on April 5, 1949, with a run-off election on May 31, 1949. Incumbent Fletcher Bowron was re-elected. Municipal elections in California, including Mayor of Los Angeles, are officially nonpartisan; candidates' party affiliations do not appear on the ballot.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

The Uniform Code of Military Justice takes effect as the legal system of the United States Armed Forces

The Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) is the foundation of the system of military justice of the armed forces of the United States. The UCMJ was established by the United States Congress in accordance with their constitutional authority, per Article I Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution, which provides that "The Congress shall have Power . . . to make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval forces" of the United States.

1953 Coupe de France final

The 1953 Coupe de France final was a football match held at Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, Colombes on May 31, 1953, that saw Lille OSC defeat FC Nancy 2–1 thanks to goals by Jean Vincent and Bernard Lefèvre.

1957 Egypt Cup final

1957 Egypt Cup final, was the final match of the 1956–57 Egypt Cup, was between Zamalek and Al-Masry, Zamalek won the match 3–0.

1958 Victorian state election

Elections were held in the Australian state of Victoria on Saturday 31 May 1958 to elect the 66 members of the state's Legislative Assembly. This was the last time Assembly elections were held separately from those for the Legislative Council. The Liberal and Country Party (LCP) government of Premier Henry Bolte won a second term in office.

Battle of Bab El Bekkouche

The Battle of Bab El Bekkouche during the Algerian War took place on 28 May 1958 in the region of Ouarsenis. The French army had mobilized nearly 8,000 soldiers. Faced with this situation, the "katiba El karimia" of the Wilaya IV, commanded by Si Ameur Mesbah, had developed a plan to loosen the vise by targeting several military post colonies in Bordj Bounaama, Sidi Abed, Lardjem and Tamalaht, to disperse the French troops.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Algeria

1960 Alabama Democratic presidential primary

A presidential primary was held in the U.S. state of Alabama on May 3, 1960, with runoff elections on May 31, to elect delegates representing Alabama to the 1960 Democratic National Convention. Fifty-six delegates were to be elected, four from each of the state's nine congressional districts, with twenty at-large delegates to be elected.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

United States

1960 Alabama Democratic presidential elector primary

The 1960 Alabama Democratic presidential elector primary was held on May 3, 1960, with a runoff on May 31, 1960, to choose the eleven nominees for presidential electors to be listed on the general election ballot under the Democratic party label in the 1960 United States presidential election in Alabama. This election is not to be confused with the 1960 Alabama Democratic presidential primary, which chose delegates to the Democratic National Convention.

This entry records the runoff, as dated in the source infobox.

United States

1961 European Cup final

The 1961 European Cup final was held at the Wankdorf Stadium, Bern on 31 May 1961, and was contested by Spanish side Barcelona against Portuguese side Benfica. This was the first final not to include Real Madrid, who had won the previous five finals. Benfica lifted the trophy for the first time, beating Barcelona 3–2.

South African Constitution of 1961

The Constitution of 1961 (formally the Republic of South Africa Constitution Act, 1961) was the fundamental law of South Africa for two decades. Under the terms of the constitution South Africa ceased to be a Commonwealth realm and became a republic, until rejoining the Commonwealth of Nations in 1994. Legally, the Union of South Africa, which had existed since 1910, came to an end and was re-established as the "Republic of South Africa".

The South African Constitution of 1961 becomes effective, thus creating the Republic of South Africa, which remains outside the Commonwealth of Nations until 1 June 1994, when South Africa is returned to Commonwealth membership.

1961 Los Angeles mayoral election

The 1961 Los Angeles mayoral election took place on April 4, 1961, with a runoff election on May 31, 1961. Incumbent Norris Poulson was defeated by Sam Yorty, a former U.S. Representative. Municipal elections in California, including Mayor of Los Angeles, are officially nonpartisan; candidates' party affiliations do not appear on the ballot.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

South Africa: Republic

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. The country consists of nine provinces, and is bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 miles) of coastline that stretches along the South Atlantic and Indian Ocean; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Eswatini.

Northern Ireland general election, 1962

The Northern Ireland general election, 1962 was held on 31 May 1962. Like all previous elections to the Parliament of Northern Ireland, it produced a large majority for the Ulster Unionist Party.

Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Battle of Ba Gia

The Battle of Ba Gia was a major battle that marked the beginning of the Viet Cong's (VC) Summer Offensive of 1965, during the early phases of the Vietnam War. The battle took place in Quảng Ngãi Province, South Vietnam, between 28 and 31 May 1965.

1967 European Cup Winners' Cup final

The 1967 European Cup Winners' Cup Final was a football match contested between Bayern Munich of West Germany and Rangers of Scotland. The match took place at the Städtisches Stadion in Nuremberg, West Germany on 31 May 1967 in front of a crowd of 69,480. It was the final match of the 1966–67 European Cup Winners' Cup competition and the seventh European Cup Winners' Cup final.

Germany

Operation Toan Thang I

Operation Toan Thang I ("Complete Victory") was a U.S. Army, Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), 1st Australian Task Force and Royal Thai Volunteer Regiment operation conducted between 8 April and 31 May 1968 in the Vietnam War. The operation was part of a reaction to the Tet Offensive designed to put pressure on Vietcong (VC) and People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) forces involving the South Vietnamese III Corps.

1970 Coupe de France final

The 1970 Coupe de France final was a football match held at Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, Colombes on 31 May 1970, that saw AS Saint-Étienne defeat FC Nantes 5–0 thanks to goals by Patrick Parizon, Georges Bereta, Robert Herbin and Hervé Revelli.

1970 Ancash earthquake

The 1970 Ancash earthquake (also known as the Great Peruvian earthquake) occurred on 31 May off the coast of Peru in the Pacific Ocean at 15:23:29 local time. Combined with a resultant landslide, it is the most catastrophic natural disaster in the history of Peru. Due to the large amounts of snow and ice included in the landslide that caused an estimated 66,794–70,000 fatalities, it is also considered to be the world's deadliest avalanche.

1972 European Cup final

The 1972 European Cup final was a football match held at De Kuip, Rotterdam, on 31 May 1972, that was contested between Internazionale of Italy and AFC Ajax of the Netherlands to determine the champions of the 1971–72 European Cup. Ajax defeated Inter by a score of 2–0 to claim their second successive European Cup victory, following their triumph in the 1971 final.

Indian Airlines Flight 440

Indian Airlines Flight 440 was a flight on 31 May 1973 operated by a Boeing 737-200 that crashed while on approach to Palam Airport (now Indira Gandhi International Airport) killing 48 of the 65 passengers and crew on board.

1973 Svenska Cupen final

The 1973 Svenska Cupen final took place on 31 May 1973 at Stadsparksvallen in Jönköping. The match was contested by Allsvenskan sides Malmö FF and Åtvidabergs FF. The two clubs had faced each other just two years earlier in the 1971 Final . Åtvidaberg played their fourth final in total, Malmö FF played their ninth final in total. Malmö FF won their seventh title with a 7–0 victory.

Islamist uprising in Syria

The Islamist uprising in Syria comprised a series of protests, assassinations, bombings, and armed revolts led by Sunni Islamists, mainly members of the Fighting Vanguard and, after 1979, the Muslim Brotherhood, from 1976 until 1982. The uprising aimed to establish an Islamic republic in Syria by overthrowing the neo-Ba'athist government, in what was described by the Ba'ath Party as a "long campaign of terror".

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

May 1977 Australian Labor Party leadership spill

A leadership spill of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), then the opposition party in the Parliament of Australia, was held on 31 May 1977. Former Treasurer Bill Hayden unsuccessfully challenged Labor leader Gough Whitlam. Whitlam was narrowly re-elected by 32 votes to 30 (the smallest possible majority) leading him to later refer to many in his caucus as 'out of touch'.

Australia

Hamilton by-election, 1978

There was a by-election for the United Kingdom House of Commons in Hamilton on Wednesday 31 May 1978. It was caused by the death of the incumbent Labour Party Member of Parliament Alex Wilson on 23 March of that year. The by-election was the last in the UK to date not held on a Thursday. This was because the opening game of the 1978 FIFA World Cup was on Thursday 1 June. The Labour candidate was George Robertson, who defeated a strong SNP candidate Margo MacDonald, with an increased majority.

United Kingdom

1980 Bihar Legislative Assembly election

Legislative Assembly elections were held in 1980, to elect members to the Bihar Legislative Assembly. After the elections, the Congress emerged as the largest party, and Jagannath Mishra was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Bihar. Later, Chandrashekhar Singh became the Chief Minister from 14 August 1983 to 12 March 1985.

India

1980 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election

Elections to the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly were held in May 1980, to elect members of the 200 constituencies in Rajasthan, India. The Indian National Congress (I) won a majority of seats as well as the popular vote, and its leader, Jagannath Pahadia was appointed as the Chief Minister of Rajasthan. After the passing of The Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 1976, Rajasthan's Legislative Assembly was assigned 200 constituencies.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

India

1980 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election

Elections to the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly were held in May 1980. The Indian National Congress won a majority of seats and Arjun Singh was sworn in as the new Chief Minister. After the 1972 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, the number of constituencies in Madhya Pradesh was increased to 320, following the recommendation of the Delimitation Commission of India.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

India

1980 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election

Legislative Assembly elections were held in Uttar Pradesh in May 1980. The Indian National Congress remained the largest party, winning 309 of the 425 seats. The elections were held after President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy ordered the imposition of President's rule in the state on the advice of the Fourth Indira Gandhi ministry, which acted on basis that the victory of the Indian National Congress in the 1980 Indian general election proved that the state government no longer reflected the will of the pepule.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

India

Skirmish at Top Malo House

The Skirmish at Top Malo House was fought on 31 May 1982 during the Falklands War, between 1st section Argentine Special Forces from 602 Commando Company and a patrol formed from staff and students of the British Mountain and Arctic Warfare Cadre, a training unit of the Royal Marines placed under Operational Control of 3 Commando Brigade for Operation Corporate.

Falkland Islands

1984 DFB-Pokal final

The 1984 DFB-Pokal final decided the winner of the 1983–84 DFB-Pokal, the 41st season of Germany's premier knockout football cup competition. It was played on 31 May 1984 at the Waldstadion in Frankfurt, the most recent DFB-Pokal final not to be played at the Olympiastadion in West Berlin (now Berlin). Bayern Munich won the match 7–6 on penalties against Borussia Mönchengladbach, following a 1–1 draw after extra time, to claim their seventh cup title.

1985 United States–Canada tornado outbreak

The 1985 United States – Canada tornado outbreak, referred to as the Barrie tornado outbreak in Canada, was a major tornado outbreak that occurred in Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, and Ontario, on May 31, 1985. Forty-four tornadoes were counted including 14 in Ontario, Canada. It is the largest and most intense tornado outbreak ever to hit this region, and the worst tornado outbreak in Pennsylvania history in terms of deaths and destruction.

Pennsylvania, United States · Canada · Ohio, United States

Opening of Chai Wan station

Chai Wan (Chinese: 柴灣) is the eastern terminus of the MTR Island line on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. It is the only station on the Island line that is elevated. The station is located at the junction of Chai Wan Road and Island Eastern Corridor, and serves Siu Sai Wan and Chai Wan, a primarily residential and industrial town.

Battle of Hargeisa (1988)

The Battle of Hargeisa occurred on 31 May 1988 during the Somaliland War of Independence, when the Somali National Movement launched a surprise attack on Hargeisa, a major city in Somaliland.

Somaliland

1992 Copa Master de Supercopa Final

The 1992 Copa Master de Supercopa Final was a football match to determine the champion of Copa Master de Supercopa, a competition played under a single-elimination basis contested by winning teams of Supercopa Libertadores. This edition was played between Argentine club Boca Juniors and Brazilian club Cruzeiro on May 31, 1992, at José Amalfitani Stadium.

Buenos Aires, Argentina

1992 Ukrainian Cup final

The 1992 Ukrainian Cup final was a football match that took place at the Republican Stadium on 31 May 1992. The match was the 1st Ukrainian Cup Final and it was contested by Chornomorets Odesa and Metalist Kharkiv. The 1992 Ukrainian Cup Final was the first to be held in the Ukrainian capital Kyiv.

Siege of Dubrovnik

The siege of Dubrovnik (Serbo-Croatian: opsada Dubrovnika, опсада Дубровника) was a military campaign fought between the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) and Croatian forces defending the city of Dubrovnik and its surroundings during the Croatian War of Independence. The JNA started its advance on 1 October 1991, and by late October, it had captured virtually all the land between the Pelješac and Prevlaka peninsulas on the coast of the Adriatic Sea, with the exception of Dubrovnik itself.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Croatia

1993 Football League First Division play-off final

The 1993 Football League First Division play-off final was an association football match which was played on 31 May 1993 at Wembley Stadium, London, between Leicester City and Swindon Town. The match was to determine the third and final team to gain promotion from the 1992–93 Football League First Division, the second tier of English football, to the Premier League.

London, United Kingdom

The Confederation Bridge opens, linking Prince Edward Island with mainland New Brunswick

The Confederation Bridge (French: Pont de la Confédération) is a box girder bridge carrying the Trans-Canada Highway across the Abegweit Passage of the Northumberland Strait, linking the province of Prince Edward Island with the mainland province of New Brunswick. Opened on May 31, 1997, the 12.9-kilometre (42,000 ft; 8.0 mi) bridge is Canada's longest bridge and the world's longest bridge over ice-covered water.

Colombian presidential election, 1998

Presidential elections were held in Colombia on 31 May 1998, with a second round on 21 June. Although Horacio Serpa of the Liberal Party received the most votes in the first round, the result was a victory for Andrés Pastrana Arango of the Great Alliance for Change, who received 51.9% of the vote in the run-off.

Colombia

Over the Edge: In Your House

Over the Edge: In Your House was a 1998 professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE). It was the 22nd In Your House event and inaugural Over the Edge event. It took place on May 31, 1998, at the Wisconsin Center Arena in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Eight matches were contested at the event.

Milwaukee, United States

1998 Ukrainian Cup final

The 1998 Ukrainian Cup final was a football match that took place at the NSC Olimpiyskiy on May 31, 1998. The match was the 7th Ukrainian Cup Final and it was contested by both Kyivan clubs FC Dynamo Kyiv and FC CSKA Kyiv. The 1998 Ukrainian Cup Final was the seventh to be held in the Ukrainian capital Kyiv.

1999 Football League First Division play-off final

The 1999 Football League First Division play-off final was an association football match which was played on 31 May 1999 at Wembley Stadium, London, between Bolton Wanderers and Watford. The match was to determine the third and final team to gain promotion from the Football League First Division, the second tier of English football, to the Premier League.

London, United Kingdom

2000 Bulgarian Cup final

The 2000 Bulgarian Cup final was played at the Hristo Botev Stadium in Plovdiv on 31 May 2000 and was contested between the sides of Neftochimic Burgas and Levski Sofia. The match was won by Levski Sofia.

2000 Plaid Cymru leadership election

The 2000 Plaid Cymru leadership election was held following the resignation on health grounds of Dafydd Wigley. Wigley had led the party since 1991 and saw them make a surprise breakthrough in the 1999 Assembly elections winning 17 seats and almost a third of the popular vote. The role of leader, at this point, was combined with the role of Party President. Three candidates stood.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Progressive Conservative leadership election, 2003

The 2003 Progressive Conservative leadership election was held on May 31, 2003 to elect a leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada. Peter MacKay was elected as leader to replace former Prime Minister Joe Clark, who had retired as party leader. In the end, five candidates emerged as challengers for the leadership by the convention date. Two other candidates had participated in the race but both withdrew as contestants before the vote. Quebec Member of Parliament (MP) André Bachand withdrew his candidacy from the race due to financial concerns and backed Peter MacKay.

Toronto, Canada

2003 Scottish Cup final

The 2003 Scottish Cup Final was played on 31 May 2003 at Hampden Park in Glasgow and was the final of the 117th Scottish Cup. The final was contested by Dundee and Rangers. Rangers won the match 1–0 with a Lorenzo Amoruso headed goal in the second half. It was also Amoruso’s last game for Rangers, as he headed to Blackburn Rovers in the summer.

Glasgow, United Kingdom

2003 DFB-Pokal final

The 2003 DFB-Pokal final decided the winner of the 2002–03 DFB-Pokal, the 60th season of Germany's premier knockout football cup competition. It was played on 31 May 2003 at the Olympiastadion in Berlin. Bayern Munich won the match 3–1 against 1. FC Kaiserslautern to claim their 11th cup title.

Berlin, Germany

2003 Coupe de France final

The 2003 Coupe de France final was a football match held at Stade de France, Saint-Denis on 31 May 2003. In it, AJ Auxerre defeated Paris SG 2–1 with goals from Djibril Cissé and Jean-Alain Boumsong.

2003 Cupa României final

The 2003 Cupa României final was the 65th final of Romania's most prestigious cup competition. The final was played at the Stadionul Naţional in Bucharest on 31 May 2003 and was contested between Divizia A sides Dinamo București and Naţional București. The cup was won by Dinamo.

2004 Football League Third Division play-off final

The 2004 Football League Third Division play-off final was an association football match which was played on 31 May 2004 at the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff, between Huddersfield Town and Mansfield Town to determine the fourth and final team to gain promotion from the Football League Third Division to Football League One (the renamed Second Division).

United Kingdom

South Korean local elections, 2006

The 4th Local Elections were held in South Korea on 31 May 2006. It was the first local elections in South Korea to have political parties nominating candidates for Municipal Councillors. The ruling Uri Party proved its declining popularity since the 2004 general elections while the main opposition party, Grand National Party managed to clinch back lost grounds, using the opportunity for the presidential election next year.

South Korea

2006 People's Party for Freedom and Democracy leadership election

The 2006 People's Party for Freedom and Democracy leadership election was called to elect the new Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy after incumbent Jozias van Aartsen announced his retirement from national politics. Mark Rutte the State Secretary for Education, Culture and Science closely beat Rita Verdonk the Minister for Integration, Immigration and Asylum Affairs and backbencher Member of the House of Representatives Jelleke Veenendaal.

Netherlands

Latvian presidential election, 2007

A presidential election was held in the Latvian Saeima on 31 May 2007. The government candidate Valdis Zatlers defeated Aivars Endziņš.

Latvia

EliteXC: Primetime

EliteXC: Primetime was a mixed martial arts event promoted by Elite Xtreme Combat taking place on May 31, 2008 at the Prudential Center in Newark, New Jersey.

New Jersey, United States

STS-124

STS-124 was the 35th mission of Space Shuttle Discovery. It went to the International Space Station on this mission. Discovery launched on May 31, 2008, at 17:02 EDT, moved from an earlier scheduled launch date of May 25, 2008, and landed safely at the Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility, at 11:15 EDT on June 14, 2008.

2008 Portuguese Social Democratic Party leadership election

The 2008 Portuguese Social Democratic Party leadership election was held on 31 May 2008. This was a snap leadership election following the surprise resignation of then party leader Luís Filipe Menezes, elected just seven months before in September 2007, from the party's leadership. Menezes was facing heavy internal criticism for his leadership and opposition strategy but, nonetheless, his resignation surprised party members and structures.

2009 Ukrainian Cup final

The 2009 Ukrainian Cup final was a football match that took place at the Dnipro Stadium on May 31, 2009. The match was the 18th Ukrainian Cup final and it was contested by Shakhtar Donetsk and Vorskla Poltava. The 2009 final was the first time a Ukrainian Cup final was held in Dnipropetrovsk. Vorskla Poltava, as Ukrainian Cup winners, qualified for the UEFA Europa League play-off round.

Ukraine

2009 Penanti by-election

An election to fill the state assembly seat for Penanti was held on 31 May 2009. Penanti has 15,384 registered voters, with 73% of them Malays, 24% Chinese, 2% Indians and 0.7% of other communities. Dr Mansor Othman of the People's Justice Party (PKR) party won the election.

2009 Taça de Portugal final

The 2009 Taça de Portugal final was the final match of the 2008–09 Taça de Portugal, the 69th season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The match was played on 31 May 2009 at the Estádio Nacional in Oeiras, and opposed two Primeira Liga sides: Paços de Ferreira and Porto.

2009 Citizens' Action Party presidential primary

A primary election was held for the first time among the members of Costa Rica’s Citizens’ Action Party (PAC), known as the Citizens' National Convention (Convención Nacional Ciudadana) for the selection of the party's candidate in the 2010 general election. This was a closed primary, as potential electors were required to register before the election up till April 30, 2009.

Costa Rica

2009 Croatian local elections

Local elections were held in Croatia on 17 May 2009, with the second round held on 31 May where necessary. The elections elected a total of 866 members of county assemblies and 51 members of the City Assembly of the City of Zagreb, as well as 2,206 members of city councils and 5,343 municipal councils.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

Croatia

2010 Gaza flotilla raid

Six civilian ships of the Gaza Freedom Flotilla were raided by Israel on 31 May 2010 in international waters in the Mediterranean Sea. Nine of the flotilla passengers were killed during the raid, with 30 wounded (including one who later died of his wounds). Ten Israeli soldiers were wounded, one seriously. The exact sequence of events is contested, in part due to the IDF's confiscation of the passengers' photographic evidence.

2013 El Reno tornado

The 2013 El Reno tornado was a very large and intense EF3 tornado that occurred over rural areas of Central Oklahoma during the early evening of May 31, 2013. The widest tornado in recorded history, it was part of a larger weather system that produced dozens of tornadoes over the preceding days. The tornado initially touched down at 6:03 p.m. Central Daylight Time (2303 UTC) about 8.3 miles (13.4 km) west-southwest of El Reno, rapidly growing in size and becoming more violent as it tracked through central portions of Canadian County.

Oklahoma, United States

2013 Coupe de France final

The 2013 Coupe de France final was the 95th final of France's most prestigious football cup competition. The final took place on 31 May 2013 at the Stade de France in Saint-Denis and was contested between Bordeaux and Evian. The winner of the Coupe de France was guaranteed a place in the group stage of the UEFA Europa League with the club's appearance being dependent on whether it qualifies for the 2013–14 UEFA Champions League.

2013 Bhutanese National Assembly election

National Assembly elections were held in Bhutan on 31 May and 13 July 2013. The result was a victory for the opposition People's Democratic Party (PDP), which won 32 of the 47 seats. The elections were the second general elections to occur in Bhutan since former King Jigme Singye Wangchuck ushered in democratic reforms.

This entry records the first round, as dated in the source infobox.

Bhutan

Icelandic municipal elections, 2014

Municipal elections took place in Iceland on 31 May 2014. 66% of eligible voters cast votes, the lowest proportion since Iceland gained independence. As part of a pledge, Mayor Jón Gnarr's Best Party did not participate in the election and was dissolved after the election was held.

Iceland

2014 Telok Intan by-election

A by-election was held for the Dewan Rakyat parliamentary seat of Teluk Intan on 31 May 2014 following the nomination day on 19 May 2014. The seat was vacated after the death of the incumbent MP, Seah Leong Peng from bladder cancer in Kuala Lumpur on 1 May 2014. Seah was a lawmaker from the Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of Pakatan Rakyat (PR) coalition.

Malaysia

UFC Fight Night: Muñoz vs. Mousasi

UFC Fight Night: Muñoz vs. Mousasi (also known as UFC Fight Night 41) was a mixed martial arts event held on May 31, 2014, at O2 World in Berlin, Germany.

Berlin, Germany

2014 Pro12 Grand Final

The 2014 Pro12 Grand Final was the final match of the 2013–14 Pro12 season. The 2013–14 season was the third with RaboDirect as title sponsor and the fifth ever League Grand Final. The final was between defending champions Leinster and the Glasgow Warriors. Leinster won the game 34–12. A hamstring injury forced Brian O'Driscoll off after eight minutes in his 186th and final appearance for Leinster before retiring from rugby.

Ireland

Western al-Hasakah offensive

The Western al-Hasakah offensive, dubbed Operation Commander Rûbar Qamishlo by the Kurds, was a military operation during May 2015 in the Al-Hasakah Governorate, during the Syrian Civil War, conducted by Kurdish YPG and allied forces against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. On 31 May 2015, as most of the offensive operations in the western Al-Hasakah Governorate ended, the part of the offensive in the Ras al-Ayn countryside expanded into the Tell Abyad region, in the northern Al-Raqqah Governorate.

Al-Hasakah Governorate, Syria

Venetian regional election, 2015

The Venetian regional election of 2015 took place in Veneto on 31 May 2015, as part of a big round of regional elections in Italy. Venetian voters elected their President and their Regional Council, whose members had been reduced to 51, including the President. Luca Zaia, incumbent President (elected in 2010 with 60.2% of the vote) and leading member of Liga Veneta–Lega Nord (LV–LN), was re-elected by a reduced majority, due to a split occurred within his party in the run-up of the election, but, despite this, his victory over Alessandra Moretti of the Democratic Party (PD), who fared quite badly, was still a landslide: 50.1% to 22.7%.

Veneto, Italy

WWE holds Elimination Chamber in Corpus Christi

On May 31, 2015, WWE held its Elimination Chamber professional wrestling event at the American Bank Center in Corpus Christi, Texas, United States.

United States

Italian regional elections, 2015

A large round of regional elections were held in Italy on 31 May 2015 in seven of the twenty regions composing the country, including four of the ten largest ones: Campania, Veneto, Apulia and Tuscany. The other three regions holding elections were Liguria, Marche, Umbria.

Italy

Tuscan regional election, 2015

The Tuscan regional election of 2015 took place on 31 May 2015.

Tuscany, Italy

2015 Campania regional election

The 2015 Campania regional election took place on 31 May 2015. The centre-left coalition candidate Vincenzo De Luca defeated the incumbent president, Stefano Caldoro of Forza Italia within the centre-right coalition, and became the new president of Campania. Until the 2024 Sardinian regional election, this was the last regional gain for the centre-left coalition.

Campania, Italy

2015 Burgenland state election

The 2015 Burgenland state election was held on 31 May 2015 to elect the members of the 21st Landtag of Burgenland. The two major parties, the governing Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) and Austrian People's Party (ÖVP), both lost votes. The three minor parties made gains and each doubled their representation in the Landtag. With the SPÖ falling substantially short of a majority, they required a coalition partner to govern.

Burgenland, Austria

2015 Ligurian regional election

The Ligurian regional election of 2015 took place on 31 May 2015. Giovanni Toti of Forza Italia, who benefited of the decisive support of the Northern League Liguria, was elected President in a three-way race with Raffaella Paita of the Democratic Party, which was the largest party, and Alice Salvatore of the Five Star Movement.

2015 Taça de Portugal final

The 2015 Taça de Portugal final was the final match of the 2014–15 Taça de Portugal, the 75th season of the Taça de Portugal. It was played on 31 May 2015 at the Estádio Nacional in Oeiras between Sporting CP and Braga. Sporting CP won 3–1 on penalties following a 2–2 draw after extra-time to claim their 16th title in the competition and their first official trophy since the 2008 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira.

2015 Styrian state election

The 2015 Styrian state election was held on 31 May 2015 to elect the members of the Landtag of Styria. The election saw major losses for the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) and Austrian People's Party (ÖVP), the two major parties, matched by huge gains for the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ). The SPÖ finished first on 29.3% and 15 seats, just ahead of the ÖVP's 28.5% and 14 seats.

2015 Marche regional election

The Marche regional election of 2015 took place on 31 May 2015. Luca Ceriscioli of the Democratic Party (PD) was elected President by defeating a fractured field of opponents, notably including the incumbent President, Gian Mario Spacca, who had switched sides from the PD to a centre-right coalition led by Forza Italia.

2015 Apulian regional election

The Apulian regional election of 2015 were held on 31 May 2015. The centre-left candidate Michele Emiliano won the election with a large margin from the Five Star Movement's candidate, Antonella Laricchia. The centre-right coalition broke up, presenting two different candidates, Francesco Schittulli, supported by former governor Raffaele Fitto, and Adriana Poli Bortone, supported by Silvio Berlusconi's Forza Italia, who arrived third and fourth.

2015 Umbrian regional election

The Umbrian regional election of 2015 took place on 31 May 2015. Catiuscia Marini of the Democratic Party (PD) was narrowly re-elected President over the joint-centre-right candidate, Claudio Ricci. The PD was by far the largest party, while the Five Star Movement and the Northern League Umbria had a breakthrough.

2015 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections

The 2015 Croatian national minorities' councils and representatives elections took place on 31 May. The elections were the fourth minority elections since 2003 and 278.932 citizens of Croatia were entitled to vote for councils and additional 24.399 for representatives. Citizens over the age of 18 who are members of a certain national minority group were entitled to vote.

Croatia

2015 Cupa României final

The Cupa României final was the final match of the 2014–15 Cupa României, played between Universitatea Cluj and Steaua București. Steaua București won the match 3–0.

Battle of Sirte (2015)

The Battle of Sirte refers to the battle in the spring of 2015, in the region of Sirte, Libya, between the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and the Libya Shield Force. ISIL forces had been present in the city since February 2015, before the Fall of Nofaliya. After Nofaliya fell to ISIL forces, the Tripoli-based government had decided to send reinforcements to recapture Sirte.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Libya

Manbij offensive (2016)

The Manbij offensive, code-named Operation Martyr and Commander Faysal Abu Layla, was a 2016 military offensive operation by the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) to capture the city of Manbij from the Islamic State (IS), and eventually, the ISIS-held areas through Al-Bab to Herbel, in the area referred to as the "Manbij Pocket" in the northern Aleppo Governorate.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

May 2017 Kabul bombing

On 31 May 2017, a truck bomb exploded at a crowded intersection in Kabul, Afghanistan, near the German embassy at about 08:25 local time (03:55 GMT) during rush hour, killing over 150 and injuring 413, mostly civilians, and damaging several buildings in the embassy. The attack was the deadliest terror attack to take place in Kabul. The diplomatic quarter—in which the attack took place—is one of the most heavily fortified areas in the city, with three-meter-high (10 ft) blast walls, and access requiring passing through several checkpoints. The explosion created a crater about 4.5 meters (15 ft) wide and 3 meters (10 ft) deep.

Afghanistan

2017 Magyar Kupa final

The 2017 Magyar Kupa final was the final match of the 2016–17 Magyar Kupa, played between Vasas SC and Ferencváros on 31 May 2017 at the Groupama Aréna in Budapest, Hungary. On 29 May 2017, Péter Solymosi was appointed as the referee of the 2017 Magyar Kupa Final. In the 80th minute Gergő Lovrencsics, Hungary international, suffered a horrible injury when he jumped up to head the ball against Vasas SC player Benedek Murka.

Budapest, Hungary

2017 Slovenian Football Cup final

The 2017 Slovenian Football Cup final was the final match of the 2016–17 Slovenian Football Cup to decide the winner of the 26th edition of the Slovenian Football Cup, Slovenia's top knockout tournament. It was played on 31 May 2017 at Bonifika Stadium in Koper and was won by Domžale, who defeated Olimpija Ljubljana, winning their second cup title.

2017 Albanian Cup final

The 2017 Albanian Cup final was a football match played on 31 May 2017 to decide the winner of the 2016–17 Albanian Cup, the 65th edition of Albania's primary football cup. The match was between Skënderbeu and Tirana at the Elbasan Arena in Elbasan. Tirana, already relegated for the first time in history, won the final 3–1 after extra-time for their 11th Albanian Cup title.

2017 Croatian Football Cup final

The 2017 Croatian Cup final between Dinamo Zagreb and Rijeka was played on 31 May 2017 in Varaždin.

East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2017)

The East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2017) was an armed conflict between the rebel groups Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham and al-Rahman Legion on one side, and the rebel group Jaysh al-Islam on the other, which took place in the rebel-held territories east of Damascus. Open conflict between the groups also took place exactly one year earlier, before a ceasefire was implemented.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

2019 Virginia Beach shooting

On May 31, 2019, a mass shooting occurred at a municipal building in the Princess Anne area of Virginia Beach, Virginia, United States. The gunman, 40-year-old DeWayne Craddock, a disgruntled city employee, fatally shot 12 people and wounded four others before he was killed by responding police officers during an exchange of gunfire.

Virginia, United States

2019 Cupa României Final (women's football)

The 2019 Cupa României Final was the 16th Romanian football women's cup final, the final match of the 2018–19 Cupa României. It was played at Stadionul Trans-Sil in Târgu Mureș, on 31 May 2019, contested by Fortuna Becicherecu Mic and Vasas Femina Odorheiu Secuiesc.

2021 EFL League Two play-off final

The 2021 EFL League Two play-off final was an association football match which was played on 31 May 2021 at Wembley Stadium, London, between Morecambe and Newport County. The match determined the fourth and final team to gain promotion from EFL League Two, the fourth tier of English football, to League One for the 2021–22 season.

London, United Kingdom

2021 Somaliland parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Somaliland on 31 May 2021, alongside local district elections. The election was Somaliland's first parliamentary election since 2005, and politicians pointed to the election as evidence of its political stability. Three parties – the populist Somaliland National Party (Waddani), the centre-left Justice and Welfare Party (UCID), and the ruling party, the liberal Kulmiye Peace, Unity, and Development Party – put forward 246 candidates who competed for 82 seats in the House of Representatives.

Somaliland

2021 Albanian Cup final

The 2021 Albanian Cup final was a football match which was played on 31 May 2021 to decide the winner of the 2020–21 Albanian Cup, the 69th edition of Albanian Cup. The match was played between Skënderbeu and Vllaznia at the Arena Kombëtare in Tirana. Vllaznia won the match 1–0 to earn their seventh Albanian Cup title.

2022 Albanian Cup final

The 2022 Albanian Cup final was a football match that was played on 31 May 2022 to decide the winner of the 2021–22 Albanian Cup, the 70th edition of the Albanian Cup. The match was played between Vllaznia and Laçi at the Arena Kombëtare in Tirana. Vllaznia won the match 2−1 after extra time to earn their eighth Albanian Cup title.

2022 Speaker of the Lebanese Parliament election

The 2022 Speaker of the Lebanese Parliament election was an election to elect the speaker of the 24th Lebanese Parliament. It was 7th legislative speaker election since the implementation of the Taif Agreement in 1989. Nabih Berri won with 65 votes out of 128, the minimum needed for a majority and the lowest outcome in his 30-year tenure as the speaker of parliament.

Lebanon

2023 Latvian presidential election

Indirect presidential elections were held in Latvia on 31 May 2023 to elect the President of Latvia, who is the country's head of state. Rinkēvičs was elected President of Latvia on 31 May 2023 after three rounds of voting by the Saeima – the Parliament of Latvia. He was sworn in as president on 8 July.

Latvia

2023 Hazfi Cup final

2023 Hazfi Cup final was the final match of the 36th edition of Hazfi Cup that was held between Esteghlal Tehran and Persepolis at Azadi Stadium in Tehran on 31 May 2023. Originally, the final was planned to be held at Shohadaye Mes Kerman Stadium in Kerman accourding to quarter-final stage draw but later, due to pitch issues, the second priority was selected, Yadegar-e Emam Stadium in Tabriz.

Tehran, Iran

2023 UEFA Europa League final

The 2023 UEFA Europa League final was the final match of the 2022–23 UEFA Europa League, the 52nd season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 14th season since it was renamed from the UEFA Cup to the UEFA Europa League. The match was played at the Puskás Aréna in Budapest, Hungary, on 31 May 2023, between Spanish club Sevilla and Italian club Roma.

Budapest, Hungary

2024 King Cup final

The 2024 King Cup final was the 49th final of the King Cup, Saudi Arabia's main football knock-out competition since its inception in 1957. The final was played at the King Abdullah Sports City in Jeddah, on 31 May 2024. The match was contested by derby rivals Al-Hilal and Al-Nassr. It was Al-Hilal's 19th King Cup final and Al-Nassr's 14th.

Saudi Arabia

30 May 2024 attacks on Yemen

On 30 May 2024, the United States and United Kingdom conducted a joint set of airstrikes in Sanaa and Hodeidah, Yemen, killing 16 people and injuring 42. The United States and United Kingdom claimed that the strikes were targeting members of the Houthi rebel group; however, the Houthis claimed all those killed or injured in the strikes were civilians.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

2025 A-League Men Grand Final

The 2025 A-League Men Grand Final, known officially as the Isuzu UTE A-League Grand Final, was a soccer match played between cross-city rivals Melbourne City and Melbourne Victory on 31 May 2025 at their shared home, Melbourne Rectangular Stadium in Melbourne, Australia. The match determined the champions of the A-League Men and was the 20th A-League Men Grand Final, the culmination of the 2024–25 season.

Australia

2025 Thai League Cup final

The 2025 Thai League Cup final was the culmination of the 2024–25 Thai League Cup, the 15th season of Thailand's knockout football competition in its second era. The final was played on 31 May 2025 at BG Stadium in Pathum Thani, Thailand. It featured Lamphun Warriors, a club based in Lamphun in Northern Thailand, and Buriram United, a powerhouse from Buriram in the lower Isan.

Thailand

2025 UEFA Champions League final

The 2025 UEFA Champions League final was the final match of the 2024–25 UEFA Champions League, the 70th season of Europe's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 33rd season since it was renamed from the European Champion Clubs' Cup to the UEFA Champions League. It was held at the Allianz Arena in Munich, Germany, on 31 May 2025, between French club Paris Saint-Germain and Italian club Inter Milan.

Germany

UFC on ESPN: Gamrot vs. Klein

UFC on ESPN: Gamrot vs. Klein (also known as UFC on ESPN 68 and UFC Vegas 107) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on May 31, 2025, at the UFC Apex in Enterprise, Nevada, part of the Las Vegas Valley, United States.

Nevada, United States

2025 All-Ireland Under-20 Hurling Championship Final

The 2025 All-Ireland Under-20 Hurling Championship final was a hurling match that was played on 31 May to determine the winners of the 2025 All-Ireland Under-20 Hurling Championship, the 62nd season of the All-Ireland Under-20 Hurling Championship, a tournament organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association for the champion teams of Leinster and Munster. The final was contested by Tipperary of Munster and Kilkenny of Leinster and was shown live on TG4.

2026 Namhkam Township explosion

On 31 May 2026, a major explosion occurred at a building storing explosives used for mining in Namhkam Township, Shan State, Myanmar. The explosion occurred in territory controlled by the Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA), one of the rebel groups fighting in the country's ongoing civil war. The explosion largely leveled Kaung Tat village, killing more than 46 people and injuring more than 112 people.

Myanmar