10月21日发生过什么？

Sixty-five days after being exiled by the Emperor Maxentius to Sicily, Pope Eusebius dies

Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius (c. 283 – 28 October 312) was a Roman emperor from 306 until his death in 312. Despite ruling in Italy and North Africa, and having the recognition of the Senate in Rome, he was not recognized as a legitimate emperor by his fellow emperors. He was the son of former Emperor Maximian and the son-in-law of Emperor Galerius.

Battle of Cuarte

The Battle of Cuarte or Battle of Quart de Poblet was a military engagement that took place on 21 October 1094 between the forces of El Cid, ruler of the Principality of Valencia, and the Almoravid Empire under the command of Muhammad ibn Tashfin, near the towns of Mislata and Quart de Poblet, located a few kilometres from Valencia.

Spain

Battle of Civetot

The Battle of Civetot was fought between the forces of the People's Crusade and of the Seljuk Turks of Anatolia on 21 October 1096. The battle brought an end to the People's Crusade; some of the survivors joined the First Crusade.

Turkey

Siege of Antioch

The siege of Antioch took place during the First Crusade in 1097 and 1098, on the Crusaders' way to Jerusalem through Syria. Two sieges took place in succession. The Crusaders sieged the city held by the Seljuk Empire from 20 October 1097 to 3 June 1098, when the Crusaders successfully took the city. A Seljuk relieving army then sieged the Crusaders for three weeks in late June.

First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege of Antioch.

Battle of Martos

The Battle of Martos was a minor battle of the Spanish Reconquista fought between Martos and Torredonjimeno in Andalusia in 1275. The battle was fought between the troops of the Kingdom of Granada and those of the Crown of Castile. The Castilian force was completely destroyed as a result of the battle. There is some confusion in the dates since different authors report different dates.

Spain

Siege of Akasaka

The siege of Akasaka was one of the earlier battles of the Genkō War between the figurehead Emperor Godaigo and the largely Hōjō-controlled Kamakura shogunate during the final years of the Kamakura period in Japan. The battle in question was fought at Shimo Akasaka-jō (下赤坂城, English: Lower Akasaka fortress), a fortress built upon Mount Yoshino near modern-day Osaka in the former Kawachi Province in Osaka Prefecture.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Japan

Battle of Auberoche

The Battle of Auberoche was fought on 21 October 1345 during the Gascon campaign of 1345 between an Anglo-Gascon force of 1,200 men under Henry, Earl of Derby, and a French army of 7,000 commanded by Louis of Poitiers. It was fought at the village of Auberoche near Périgueux in northern Aquitaine. At the time, Gascony was a territory of the English Crown and the "English" army included a large proportion of native Gascons.

Siege of Nijmegen (1591)

The siege of Nijmegen was a military engagement during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War which took place from 17 to 21 October 1591. The Spanish garrison in Nijmegen was besieged by a Dutch and English force under Maurice of Nassau and Francis Vere respectively and surrendered soon.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Netherlands

Capture of Ootmarsum

The Capture of Ootmarsum in 1597 was a short siege, that took place during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War by a Dutch and English army led by Count Van Duivenvoorde while Maurice of Nassau was besieging Oldenzaal. The siege lasted from 19 to 21 October, where the Spanish garrison of Ootmarsum under the governor, Otto Van Den Sande, surrendered and was then occupied by the besiegers.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Netherlands

Battle of Sekigahara

The Battle of Sekigahara (Shinjitai: 関ヶ原の戦い; Kyūjitai: 關ヶ原の戰い Sekigahara no Tatakai) was a decisive battle on October 21, 1600 (Keichō 5, 15th day of the 9th month) that preceded the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate. Tokugawa Ieyasu took three more years to consolidate his position of power over the Toyotomi clan and the daimyo, but Sekigahara is widely considered to be the unofficial beginning of the Tokugawa bakufu, the last shogunate to control Japan. Japan had a long period of peace after the battle.

Gifu Prefecture, Japan · Sekigahara, Gifu, Japan

Safavid capture of Tabriz (1603)

The siege of Tabriz (Persian: فتح تبریز) was a military conflict during the Ottoman–Safavid war of 1603–1612. As a result of a successful Persian siege initiated by Shah Abbas the Great, Tabriz was returned to the Safavids after 18 years of Ottoman rule.

Iran

Battle of the Downs

The Battle of the Downs took place on 21 October 1639 (New Style), during the Eighty Years' War. A Spanish fleet, commanded by Admiral Antonio de Oquendo, was decisively defeated by a Dutch force under Lieutenant-Admiral Maarten Tromp. Victory ended Spanish efforts to re-assert naval control over the English Channel and confirmed Dutch dominance of the sea lanes, while it is also alleged to be the first major action to feature line of battle tactics.

Battle of Annan Moor

(See also: Battle of Annan) The Battle of Annan Moor was a battle of the Scottish civil war, part of the intertwined Wars of the Three Kingdoms that took place in England, Ireland, and Scotland between 1639 and 1651. The battle took place on 20 and 21 October 1645 between the Royalists under Lord Digby and Marmaduke Langdale against the newly raised cavalry regiment commanded by Sir John Brown of Fordell. The Royalists were defeated and lost more than half of their 600 men as casualties or prisoners. The remainder of the Royalist force retired into England.

Annan, Dumfries and Galloway, United Kingdom · Dumfries and Galloway, United Kingdom

Russian troops attack the Lithuanian camp at Verkiai

On October 21, 1658, Russian troops attacked the Lithuanian camp at Verkiai near Vilnius and captured commander Wincenty Gosiewski.

Lithuania

Siege of Negroponte (1688)

The siege of Negroponte (modern Chalkis) was undertaken by the forces of the Republic of Venice from July to October 1688. The Venetian army, composed of several mercenary and allied contingents from western Europe, had succeeded in capturing the Peloponnese in the previous years, and proceeded to capture Athens and attack Negroponte, the main Ottoman stronghold in Central Greece.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle at The Lizard

The Battle at The Lizard (French: Combat du Cap Lézard) took place on 21 October 1707 during the War of the Spanish Succession near Lizard Point, Cornwall between two French squadrons under René Duguay-Trouin and Claude de Forbin and a British convoy protected by a squadron under Commodore Richard Edwards. Duguay-Trouin and Forbin were two of the most successful French naval commanders and they caused much damage to the British merchant fleet.

Cornwall, United Kingdom

Battle of Cap-Français

The Battle of Cap-Français was a naval engagement during the Seven Years' War fought between French and British forces outside the harbour of Cap-Français, Saint-Domingue (present-day Cap-Haïtien, Haiti) on 21 October 1757. The British force, consisting of three ships of the line under Commodore Arthur Forrest had been sent to cruise off Saint-Domingue in the hope of intercepting a French merchant convoy bound for France, but found that the convoy's escort, under Guy François de Coetnempren, comte de Kersaint, had been heavily reinforced. The French came out to drive the British away, whereupon the British ships attacked them.

Cap-Haïtien, Haiti

Siege of Mainz (1792)

The siege of Mainz was a short engagement at the beginning of the War of the First Coalition. The victorious French army of Custine seized the town on October 21, 1792, after three days of siege. The French occupied Mainz, and tried to install the Republic of Mainz there.

Action of 21 October 1794

The Action of 21 October 1794 was a minor naval engagement between Great Britain and France fought off the Breton coast of France during the second year of the French Revolutionary Wars. French frigates had been raiding British Atlantic trade routes with considerable success since the outbreak of the war, and in response the Admiralty had formed a frigate squadron to patrol the French Channel and Atlantic coasts in search of French raiders. On 13 October 1794, the large, modern and powerful 40-gun French frigate Révolutionnaire under the command of Captain Antoine René Thévenard sailed from Le Havre for a raiding cruise against British trade routes in the Atlantic.

Ushant, France

1795 French legislative election

Legislative elections were held in France between 12 and 21 October 1795 (20 to 29 Vendémiaire, Year IV) to elect one-third of the members of the Council of Five Hundred and the Council of Ancients, the lower and upper houses of the legislature. The elections were held in accordance with the Constitution of the Year III and the first under the French Directory.

France

USS Constitution is launched in Boston

On October 21, 1797, USS Constitution was launched into Boston Harbor from Edmund Hartt’s shipyard.

United States

Battle of Trafalgar

The Battle of Trafalgar was a fleet action which took place on 21 October 1805 between the Royal Navy and a combined fleet of the French and Spanish navies during the War of the Third Coalition. As part of Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom, the French and Spanish navies planned to take control of the English Channel and provide the French invasion army with safe passage to Britain.

Siege of Burgos

At the siege of Burgos, from 19 September to 21 October 1812, the Anglo-Portuguese Army led by General Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington tried to capture the castle of Burgos from its French garrison under the command of General of Brigade Jean-Louis Dubreton. The French repulsed every attempt to seize the fortress, resulting in Wellington's withdrawal. The siege took place during the Peninsular War, part of the Napoleonic Wars.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Spain

Battle of Montevideo (1823)

The naval Battle of Montevideo (Portuguese: Batalha Naval de Montevidéu) of 21 October 1823 formed a part of the Siege of Montevideo, as Brazilian forces sought to capture the last Portuguese redoubt in the Cisplatina during the War of Independence of Brazil. The fight was one of the few conventional naval battles between the two powers during the war. The Portuguese forces, a captured schooner and three armed transports, had endured the Brazilian blockade of the port but only sought to break it on 21 October. Despite heavy fighting neither side lost a ship, and the Portuguese withdrew to the port, with the conflict ending a month later with the surrender of Montevideo.

Montevideo, Uruguay

Liberal Revolution of 1854

The Liberal Revolution of 1854 (Spanish: Revolución Liberal de 1854), also known as the Arequipa Revolution of 1854 (Spanish: Revolución de Arequipa de 1854), was a popular insurrection that emerged in Peru during the government of José Rufino Echenique due to accusations of corruption. It was led by Domingo Elías, Fermín del Castillo and Ramón Castilla. In the aftermath of the revolution, a new constitution was written.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Florence Nightingale and a staff of 38 nurses and 15 nuns were sent to the Ottoman Empire to help treat wounded British soldiers fighting in the Crimean War

Florence Nightingale () (12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was an English social reformer, statistician and the founder of modern nursing. Nightingale came to prominence while serving as a manager and trainer of nurses during the Crimean War, in which she organised care for wounded soldiers at Constantinople. She significantly reduced death rates by improving hygiene and living standards.

Battle of Uzynagash

The Battle of Uzynagash (Russian: Узун-Агачское сражение) was a series of engagements fought in October 1860 during a campaign of the Khanate of Kokand against Russian forces in Semirechye. The campaign ended in a Russian victory.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Kazakhstan

Battle of Ball's Bluff

The Battle of Ball's Bluff in Loudoun County, Virginia on October 21, 1861, was one of the early battles of the American Civil War, in which Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan’s Army of the Potomac (Union) suffered a humiliating defeat. The operation was planned as a minor reconnaissance across the Potomac to establish whether the Confederates were occupying Leesburg. A false report of an unguarded Confederate camp encouraged Brig. Gen. Charles Pomeroy Stone to order a raid, which clashed with enemy forces. A prominent US Senator in uniform, Colonel Edward Baker, tried to reinforce the Union troops, but failed to ensure that there were enough boats for the river crossings, which were then delayed.

Loudoun County, Virginia, United States

Battle of Camp Wildcat

The Battle of Camp Wildcat (also known as Wildcat Mountain and Camp Wild Cat) was one of the early engagements of the American Civil War (Civil War). It occurred October 21, 1861, in northern Laurel County, Kentucky during the campaign known as the Kentucky Confederate Offensive or Operations in Eastern Kentucky (1861).

Kentucky, United States

Engagement at Fredericktown

Engagement at Fredericktown, also known as the Battle of Fredericktown, was a battle of the American Civil War that took place on October 21, 1861, in Madison County, Missouri. The Union victory consolidated control of southeastern Missouri.

United States

Battle of Cherokee Station

The Battle of Cherokee Station took place during the American Civil War between the Union Army and the Confederate Army near the town of Cherokee Station Alabama on 21 October 1863. General Sherman attempted to start rebuilding the Memphis and Charleston Railroad to give Union forces an easier time to arrive at Chattanooga from Mississippi. Sherman initiated his reconstruction at Corinth, Mississippi and began to push into northern Alabama.

Alabama, United States

Battle of Little Blue River

The Battle of Little Blue River was a minor battle of the American Civil War, occurring on October 21, 1864 in Jackson County, Missouri during Price's Missouri Expedition of that year. It became the opening round of the Second Battle of Independence, which began on this same day and was essentially a continuation of this engagement. This led in turn to the Battle of Westport on October 23, resulting in Price's defeat and the ending of major Confederate military operations in Missouri.

Jackson County, Missouri, United States

Medicine Lodge Treaty

The Medicine Lodge Treaty is the overall name for three treaties signed near Medicine Lodge, Kansas, between the Federal government of the United States and southern Plains Indian tribes in October 1867, intended to bring peace to the area by relocating the Native Americans to reservations in Indian Territory and away from European-American settlement. The treaty was negotiated after investigation by the Indian Peace Commission, which in its final report in 1868 concluded that the wars had been preventable. They determined that the United States government and its representatives, including the United States Congress, had contributed to the warfare on the Great Plains by failing to fulfill their legal obligations and to treat the Native Americans with honesty. The U.S. government and tribal chiefs met at a place traditional for Native American ceremonies, at their request. The first treaty was signed October 21, 1867, with the Kiowa and Comanche tribes.

Kansas, United States

Battle of Tatayibá

The Battle of Tatayibá was a cavalry engagement between a Paraguayan force led by future president Bernardino Caballero and a Brazilian force led by Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, then Marquis of Caxias. The Brazilians, outnumbering the Paraguayans nearly 3 to 2, were victorious. A trap was set by the Brazilian cavalry in order to stop the daily sorties by Lt. Col. Caballero's Paraguayan cavalry.

Paraguay

Battle of Buzenval (1870)

The (First) Battle of Buzenval took place on 21 October 1870 during the siege of Paris in the Franco-Prussian War. Following the collapse of the French field armies and the encirclement of Paris, Governor Louis-Jules Trochu authorised a limited sortie to test Prussian positions west of the capital.

France

Battle of Cedar Creek (1876)

The Battle of Cedar Creek (also called Big Dry Creek or Big Dry River) occurred on October 21, 1876, in the Montana Territory between the United States Army and a force of Lakota Sioux Native Americans during the Great Sioux War of 1876. The battle broke out after talks between Colonel Nelson A. Miles and Chief Sitting Bull broke down, and ended with surrender of 400 Lakota lodges (with approximately 2,000 men, women, and children) to Miles six days later.

Montana, United States

The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is founded

On October 21, 1888, the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland was founded.

Switzerland

Capitulation of Tainan

The Capitulation of Tainan, on 21 October 1895, was the last act in the Japanese invasion of Taiwan. The capitulation ended the brief existence of the Republic of Formosa and inaugurated the era of Japanese colonial rule in Taiwan.

Taiwan

The fall of Tainan on 21 October 1895 ended organised resistance to Japanese occupation, and inaugurated five decades of Japanese rule in Taiwan

The Republic of Formosa was a short-lived unrecognized state that existed on the island of Taiwan in 1895 during the interregnum between the formal cession of Taiwan by the Qing dynasty of China to the Empire of Japan after the Treaty of Shimonoseki. The Republic lasted for 151 days; it was proclaimed on 23 May 1895 and extinguished on 21 October, when its capital of Tainan was taken over by the Japanese and they established control on the island.

Battle of Elandslaagte

The Battle of Elandslaagte (21 October 1899) took place during the Second Boer War, and was one of the few decisive victories won by the British during the conflict. At the time, the Boers were invading Natal, and had occupied the railway station at Elandslaagte. To dispel the Boers from their position, the British Army led a two-pronged assault in the hills which the Boers occupied, forcing them to retreat.

KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

1907 Qaratog earthquake

The 1907 Qaratog earthquake occurred at 04:23 UTC on 21 October near Qaratog (Karatag) in the border area between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, then part of the Russian Empire. The shock had an estimated surface-wave magnitude of 7.4 and a maximum felt intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale. Estimates of the death toll range between 12,000 and 15,000.

The 1907 Qaratog earthquake hits the borders of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, killing between 12,000 and 15,000 people.

Battle of Kardzhali

The Battle of Kircaali or Battle of Kardzhali was part of the First Balkan War between the armies of Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire. It took place on 21 October 1912, when the Bulgarian Haskovo Detachment defeated the Ottoman Kırcaali Detachment of Yaver Pasha and permanently joined Kardzhali and the Eastern Rhodopes to Bulgaria. The anniversary of that event is celebrated annually on 21 October as a holiday of the city.

Bulgaria

Norwegian parliamentary election, 1912

Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 21 October 1912, with a second round held between 4 and 11 November. The result was a victory for the alliance of the Liberal Party and the Labour Democrats, which won 76 of the 123 seats in the Storting.

Norway

Capture of Lemnos

The Capture of Lemnos took place in October 1912 during the First Balkan War, serving as the opening action between Greek and Ottoman forces in the Aegean Sea. The strategic value of the island of Lemnos had been recognized by Greek naval planners for many years, as it lay at the entrance of the Dardanelles Strait and offered an excellent natural harbour in Mudros Bay.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Bulgarian Front of First Balkan War

The Bulgarian Front of First Balkan War was the heaviest and most important front of the First Balkan War fought between 21 October 1912 and 3 April 1913

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

1914 Western Australian state election

Elections were held in the state of Western Australia on 21 October 1914 to elect 50 members to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly. The Labor party, led by Premier John Scaddan, retained government against the opposition conservative Liberal Party led by Opposition Leader Frank Wilson, though with only the barest of majorities.

Australian occupation of German New Guinea

The Australian occupation of German New Guinea occurred in the early stages of World War I when the colony was seized by the Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force. The colony of German New Guinea was poorly defended and the invasion met with limited resistance, with the Battle of Bita Paka in September 1914 being the only major engagement. Australian forces subsequently seized the island of Nauru in November 1914.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Japanese occupation of German colonial possessions

Japan entered World War I in 1914 with the strategic objective of expanding its influence in the Pacific region by seizing German-controlled colonies. As a member of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, Japan aligned itself with France, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States. In October 1914, the Japanese sent vessels to occupy German-held territories in the Pacific. This included the Mariana Islands, Marshall Islands, Palau, and Caroline Islands.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Marshall Islands

Norwegian parliamentary election, 1915

Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 21 October 1915, with a second round between 4 and 11 November. The result was a victory for the Liberal Party, which won 74 of the 123 seats in the Storting.

Norway

Ojo de Agua Raid

The Ojo de Agua Raid was the last notable military engagement between Mexican Sediciosos and the United States Army. It took place at Ojo de Agua, Texas. As part of the Plan of San Diego, the rebels launched a raid across the Rio Grande into Texas on October 21, 1915 aimed at harassing the American outposts along the Mexican border and disrupting the local economy.

Hvalen incident

The Hvalen incident was a short and small-scale confrontation between the navies of Sweden and Germany as a consequence of the First World War. The Swedish submarine Hvalen would be mistook for an enemy vessel and fired upon while out on patrol, one Swedish sailor would perish as a consequence. However, the naval skirmish would not escalate any further as the powers involved would solve their problems diplomatically.

Macedonian front

The Macedonian front, also known as the Salonica front (after Thessaloniki), was a military theatre of World War I formed as a result of an attempt by the Allied Powers to aid Serbia, in the autumn of 1915, against the combined attack of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria. The expedition came too late and with insufficient force to prevent the fall of Serbia and was complicated by the internal political crisis in Greece (the National Schism).

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Norwegian parliamentary election, 1918

Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 21 October 1918, with a second round between 4 and 11 November. The result was a victory for the Liberal Party, which won 51 of the 123 seats in the Storting. Despite receiving the most votes, the Labour Party won just 18 seats, a loss of one seat compared with the 1915 elections.

Norway

1920 Victorian state election

The 1920 Victorian state election was held in the Australian state of Victoria on Thursday 21 October 1920 to elect the 65 members of the state's Legislative Assembly.

Austrian legislative election, 1923

Parliamentary elections were held in Austria on 21 October 1923. The result was a victory for the Christian Social Party, which won 82 of the 165 seats. Voter turnout was 87.0%.

Austria

Norwegian parliamentary election, 1924

Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 21 October 1924. The result was a victory for the Conservative Party-Liberal Left Party alliance, which won 54 of the 150 seats in the Storting.

Norway

Ecuadorian presidential election, 1931

Presidential elections were held in Ecuador on 20 and 21 October 1931. The result was a victory for Neptali Bonifaz, who received 45.3% of the vote. However, he was disqualified by Congress the following year as he had held Peruvian citizenship, and fresh elections were held in October 1932.

Ecuador

Asturias Offensive

The Asturias Offensive (Spanish: Ofensiva de Asturias, Asturian: Ofensiva d'Asturies) was an offensive in Asturias during the Spanish Civil War from 1 September to 21 October 1937. The Nationalists launched an offensive against the Republicans in eastern Asturias which had recently become an enclave. The Nationalist force of 90,000 men, with support from the Condor Legion and the Corps of Volunteer Troops, attacked the Republican force of 45,000 men composed of Spanish Republican Army soldiers and allied Confederal militias from two directions.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Spain

War in the North

The War in the North (Spanish: Ofensiva del Norte) was a theatre of the Spanish Civil War that occurred in northern Spain from 31 March to 21 October 1937. The Nationalists launched a number of offensives into parts of the Basque Country, Santander (Cantabria), and Asturias that formed an enclave loyal to the Republican government.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Spain

Attack on Convoy BN 7

The Attack on Convoy BN 7 (20–21 October 1940) was a naval engagement in the Red Sea during the Second World War between a British force defending convoyed merchant ships and a flotilla of Italian destroyers. The Italian attack failed, with only one merchant ship being slightly damaged. After a chase, the British destroyer HMS Kimberley torpedoed the destroyer Francesco Nullo which was beached on Harmil Island.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls is published

On October 21, 1940, Charles Scribner’s Sons published the first edition of Ernest Hemingway’s novel For Whom the Bell Tolls in the United States.

United States

Kragujevac massacre

The Kragujevac massacre was the murder of Serb men and boys in Kragujevac, Serbia, by German Wehrmacht soldiers on 20 and 21 October 1941. All males from the town between the ages of 16 and 60 were assembled by German troops and members of the collaborationist Serbian Volunteer Command (SDK) and Serbian State Guard (SDS), including high school students, and the victims were selected from amongst them. On 29 October 1941, Felix Benzler, the plenipotentiary of the German foreign ministry in Serbia, reported that 2,300 people were executed. Later investigations by the post-war Yugoslavian government came up with between 5,000 and 7,000 people executed, although these figures were never proven reliable.

Serbia

1941 British Columbia general election

The 1941 British Columbia general election was the twentieth general election in the Province of British Columbia, Canada. It was held to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. The election was called on September 9, 1941, and held on October 21, 1941. No party took a majority of votes, and no party took a majority of seats.

Battle of Bryansk

The Battle of Bryansk (30 September – 21 October 1941) was a battle during World War II conducted in the Bryansk Oblast as a part of the overall Moscow campaign. Returning from the Kiev operation, Heinz Guderian attacked in an unexpected direction capturing Bryansk and Oryol with few casualties thereby encircling two Soviet formations, the 13th Army and 3rd Army.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Summer War

The Summer War (Estonian: Suvesõda) was the occupation of Estonia during the Second World War. It was fought between the Forest Brothers (Metsavennad), the Omakaitse, and the German 18th Army against the forces of the Soviet 8th Army and the NKVD.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Estonia

Operation Beowulf

Operation Beowulf refers to two German plans to occupy the islands of Saaremaa, Hiiumaa and Muhu, off the Estonian west coast. Both plans had the same objectives but assumed differing start points. The attack, using Beowulf II, started on 9 September 1941 and had achieved its objectives by 21 October.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Estonia

Bose proclaims the Provisional Government of Free India

On October 21, 1943, Subhas Chandra Bose proclaimed the Provisional Government of Free India, also known as Azad Hind, in Japanese-occupied Singapore.

Singapore

Battle of Aachen

The Battle of Aachen was a battle of World War II, fought by American and German forces in and around Aachen, Germany, between 12 September and 21 October 1944. The city had been incorporated into the Siegfried Line, the main defensive network on Germany's western border; the Allies had hoped to capture it quickly and advance into the industrialized Ruhr basin.

Germany

Nemmersdorf massacre

The Nemmersdorf massacre was a civilian massacre perpetrated by Red Army soldiers in the late stages of World War II. Nemmersdorf (present-day Mayakovskoye, Kaliningrad Oblast) was one of the first prewar ethnic German settlements to fall to the advancing Red Army during the war. On 21 October 1944, Soviet soldiers killed many German civilians as well as French and Belgian POWs.

Syrmian Front

The Syrmian Front (Serbo-Croatian: Srijemski / Sremski front) was an Axis line of defense during World War II. It was established as part of the Eastern Front in late October 1944 in Syrmia and east Slavonia, northwest of Belgrade. After the Yugoslav Partisans and the Red Army expelled the Germans from Belgrade in the Belgrade Offensive, the retreating Wehrmacht and the Croatian Armed Forces used fortifications to protect the withdrawal of German Army Group E from the Balkans.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Croatia

Battle of Serbia

The Battle of Serbia was a joint Allied effort with the aim of establishing a strong foothold and mastering the central communication area of the German forces on the Balkans, i.e. Army Group F, during World War II. Actions on the ground were carried out by the NOVJ, and the Allies provided combat assistance, supplies and air support. The territory of Serbia was, however, of key importance for all actors.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Serbia

French legislative election, 1945

Legislative elections were held in France on 21 October 1945 to elect a Constituent Assembly to draft a constitution for a Fourth French Republic. 79.83% of voters participated. Women and soldiers were allowed to vote. 522 seats were elected through proportional representation.

France

Battles of Bircza

The battles of Bircza were a series of Ukrainian Insurgent Army attacks on the town of Bircza.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Beersheba (1948)

The Battle of Beersheba, codenamed Operation Moses (Hebrew: מִבְצָע מֹשֶׁה, Mivtza Moshe), was an Israeli offensive on Beersheba on October 21, 1948. It was part of Operation Yoav and was conducted at the end of the operation. It was made possible following the opening of a land corridor from the Negev desert to the rest of Israel in the Battles of the Separation Corridor. The capture had both military and political significance. It helped sever the supply route of the Egyptian expeditionary force's eastern wing, and strengthened Israel's claim to the Negev desert.

Beersheba, Israel

Battle of Yongyu

The Battle of Yongyu (영유永柔 전투), also known as the Battle of the Apple Orchard or the Battle of Yongju by the Australians who fought in it, took place between 21 and 22 October 1950 during the United Nations Command (UNC) offensive into North Korea against the Korean People's Army (KPA) that had invaded South Korea during the Korean War.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

North Korea

Operation Jock Scott

Operation Jock Scott took place shortly after the declaration of State of Emergency in the Mau Mau Rebellion. British troops suspended African political leaders and rounded up suspected Mau Mau leaders.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Kenya

October 1954 Australian Labor Party leadership spill

A leadership spill of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), then the opposition party in the Parliament of Australia, was rejected on 21 October 1954.

Australia

Mau Mau rebellion

The Mau Mau rebellion (1952–1960), also known as the Mau Mau uprising or Kenya Emergency, was an armed conflict in the British Colony of Kenya between the Kenya Land and Freedom Army (KLFA) and the British colonial authorities. While the KLFA was primarily composed of Kikuyu, Meru, and Embu fighters, the movement also drew support from units of Kamba and Maasai. Groups such as the Luo and Kalenjin – who had led significant earlier resistance movements against colonial establishment, such as the Nandi Resistance (1890–1906) were largely not part of the KLFA's core structure. Instead, many from these communities served in the King's African Rifles (KAR), the colonial military force through which the British maintained internal security and quelled the uprising. The KLFA fought against the British Army and the local Kenya Regiment, which included European settlers and African loyalists. The capture of Field Marshal Dedan Kimathi on 21 October 1956 signalled the defeat of the Mau Mau, and essentially ended the British military campaign.

Kenya

1956 Honduran coup d'état

The 1956 Honduran coup d'état occurred when the Honduran military removed acting President Julio Lozano Díaz on October 21, 1956. The coup was led by a military junta, consisting of General Roque J. Rodríguez, Colonel Héctor Caraccioli, and Major Roberto Gálvez Barnes, and resulted in the junta governing Honduras until elections were held in 1957.

Capture of Kimathi

The Capture of Kimathi was the arrest of noted Mau Mau leader Dedan Kimathi during the Mau Mau Uprising in October 1956. Kimathi had been the field commander of the Mau Mau. He was captured by British police officer Ian Henderson who used intelligence gathered from disgruntled former Mau Mau.

Kenya

Kennedy and Nixon hold their final presidential debate

On October 21, 1960, John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon held their fourth and final televised presidential debate at ABC’s studios in New York City.

United States

Aberfan disaster

The Aberfan disaster was the catastrophic collapse of a colliery spoil tip in the Welsh village of Aberfan, near Merthyr Tydfil, that killed 116 children and 28 adults on 21 October 1966. The collapse was caused by the build-up of water in the accumulated rock and shale tip, which suddenly slid downhill in the form of slurry. More than 1.4 million cubic feet (40,000 cu metres) of debris covered the village in minutes. The classrooms at Pantglas Junior School were immediately inundated; young children and teachers died from impact or suffocation.

Wales, United Kingdom

1969 Somali coup d'état

The 1969 Somali coup d'état was a bloodless military takeover of the Somali Republic on 21 October 1969, led by Somali National Army officers of the Supreme Revolutionary Council under General Siad Barre. After the assassination of President Abdirashid Shermarke in Las Anod, the Somali National Army under Barre's command stormed Mogadishu, seized key government buildings, and demanded the resignation of the country's leaders.

Clarkston explosion

The Clarkston explosion was a disaster that occurred on 21 October 1971 at a shopping centre in Clarkston, Renfrewshire, Scotland. The death toll has been stated variously as 21 and 22. The explosion followed a build-up of gas in an underground space beneath the Clarkston Toll shopping centre, caused by a gas main leak later ruled to have been accidental. Customers and shop staff had on 20 October complained of a strong smell of gas in the centre and Scottish Gas engineers had attended to investigate, but had identified no source for the smell.

Scotland, United Kingdom

1971 Ontario general election

The 1971 Ontario general election was held on October 21, 1971, to elect the 117 members of the 29th Legislative Assembly of Ontario (Members of Provincial Parliament, or "MPPs") of the Province of Ontario. The Ontario Progressive Conservative Party, led by Bill Davis, who had replaced John Robarts as PC leader and premier earlier in the year, won a ninth consecutive term in office, and maintained its majority in the legislature, increasing its caucus in the legislature by eight seats from its result in the previous election.

1976 United Nations Security Council election

The 1976 United Nations Security Council election was held on 21 October 1976 during the Thirty-first session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The General Assembly elected Canada, the Federal Republic of Germany, India, Mauritius, and Venezuela, as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1977.

New York City, United States

Michael Foot is elected deputy leader of Britain’s Labour Party

On October 21, 1976, Michael Foot defeated Shirley Williams in the election for deputy leader of Britain’s Labour Party.

United Kingdom

Operation Gatling

Operation Gatling was a military operation conducted by the Rhodesian Security Forces in Zambian territory on 19 October 1978, with the aim to attack camps believed to house guerrilla forces. The attack's primary target, just 16 kilometres (10 miles) north-east of central Lusaka, Zambia's capital, was the Westlands Farm, which at the time was known as "Freedom Camp" and run by the Zimbabwe African People's Union, one of the two main resistance groups opposing white minority rule in Rhodesia.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Zambia

1979 Norwegian Football Cup final

The 1979 Norwegian Football Cup final was the final match of the 1979 Norwegian Football Cup, the 74th season of the Norwegian Football Cup, the premier Norwegian football cup competition organized by the Football Association of Norway (NFF). The match was played on 21 October 1979 at the Ullevaal Stadion in Oslo, and opposed two First Division sides and the clubs from Rogaland, Viking and Haugar.

1984 Portuguese Grand Prix

The 1984 Portuguese Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Estoril on October 21, 1984. It was the sixteenth and final round of the 1984 Formula One season. This was the first Formula One championship Portuguese Grand Prix since 1960, when it was held at the Boavista street circuit in Oporto. Niki Lauda needed 2nd place to secure the title, and gained this when Nigel Mansell spun out with 18 laps to go. As a result, he took the title by just half a point from team-mate Alain Prost.

Portugal

Reagan and Mondale hold their second presidential debate

On October 21, 1984, Ronald Reagan and Walter Mondale held their second and final presidential debate in Kansas City, Missouri.

United States

Jaffna hospital massacre

The Jaffna hospital massacre occurred on October 21 and 22, 1987, during the Sri Lankan Civil War, when troops of the Indian Peace Keeping Force entered the premises of the Jaffna Teaching Hospital in Jaffna, Sri Lanka, an island nation in South Asia, and killed between 60 and 70 patients and staff.

The Jaffna hospital massacre is carried out by Indian peacekeeping forces in Sri Lanka, killing 70 Tamil patients, doctors and nurses.

TAN-SAHSA Flight 414

TAN-SAHSA Flight 414 was a scheduled flight from Juan Santamaría International Airport, San José, Costa Rica, to Toncontín Airport in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, with a stopover at Augusto C. Sandino Airport in Managua, Nicaragua, on 21 October 1989. Flown with a Boeing 727-200, the flight crashed into a mountain at 7:30 A.M. local time after the pilots failed to follow a special landing procedure required for the arrival to the airport.

Honduras

Malaysian general election, 1990

A general election was held between Saturday, 20 October and Sunday, 21 October 1990 for members of the 8th Parliament of Malaysia. Voting took place in all 180 parliamentary constituencies of Malaysia, each electing one Member of Parliament to the Dewan Rakyat, the dominant house of Parliament. State elections also took place in 351 state constituencies in 11 (out of 13, except Sabah and Sarawak) states of Malaysia on the same day. The result was a victory for the Barisan Nasional (BN) at the federal level and 10 of the 11 state elections.

Malaysia

1990 Norwegian Football Cup final

The 1990 Norwegian Football Cup final was the final match of the 1990 Norwegian Football Cup, the 85th season of the Norwegian Football Cup, the premier Norwegian football cup competition organized by the Football Association of Norway (NFF). The match was played on 21 October 1990 at the Ullevaal Stadion in Oslo, and opposed two Tippeligaen sides Fyllingen and Rosenborg.

1991 CA-TennisTrophy

The 1991 CA-TennisTrophy was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Wiener Stadthalle in Vienna in Austria and was part of the World Series of the 1991 ATP Tour. The tournament ran from October 14 through October 21, 1991.

Vienna, Austria

1991 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon

The 1991 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Palais des Sports de Gerland in Lyon in France and was part of the World Series of the 1991 ATP Tour. The tournament ran from October 14 through October 21, 1991.

Lyon, France

1991 Saskatchewan general election

The 1991 Saskatchewan general election was held on October 21, 1991, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan. The Progressive Conservative government of Premier Grant Devine was defeated by the New Democratic Party, led by former provincial Attorney General Roy Romanow. A major source of dissatisfaction with the Grant Devine government was the "Fair Share Saskatchewan" program, a scheme to distribute public service jobs more evenly across the province; a plan especially unpopular with workers scheduled to be relocated from Regina to rural districts.

Burundian Civil War

The Burundian Civil War was a civil war in Burundi lasting from 1993 to 2005. The civil war was the result of longstanding ethnic divisions between the Hutu and the Tutsi ethnic groups. The conflict began following the first multi-party elections in the country since its independence from Belgium in 1962, and is seen as formally ending with the swearing-in of President Pierre Nkurunziza in August 2005.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Burundi

Seongsu Bridge disaster

The Seongsu Bridge disaster (Korean: 성수대교 붕괴 사고) was a deadly bridge collapse that occurred on the morning of October 21, 1994 in Seoul, South Korea. 32 people died and 17 were injured when a section of the upper truss of the Seongsu Bridge collapsed onto the Han River. A combination of faulty welding, rusted extension hinges, and insufficient maintenance resulted in the structural failure of the bridge.

South Korea

The Agreed Framework between the United States of America and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea () was signed on 21 October 1994, between North Korea (DPRK) and the United States

The Agreed Framework between the United States of America and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (Korean: 북미제네바기본합의서) was signed on 21 October 1994, between North Korea (DPRK) and the United States. The objective of the agreement was the freezing and replacement of North Korea's indigenous nuclear power plant program with more nuclear proliferation resistant light water reactor power plants, and the step-by-step normalization of relations between the U.S. and the DPRK.

Louisiana holds the first round of its governor election

On October 21, 1995, Louisiana held the first round of its election for governor. Mike Foster and Cleo Fields advanced to the November 18 runoff.

United States

Louisiana holds the first round of its lieutenant governor election

On October 21, 1995, Louisiana held the first round of its election for lieutenant governor. Kathleen Blanco and Suzanne Mayfield Krieger advanced to the November 18 runoff.

United States

1996 United Nations Security Council election

The 1996 United Nations Security Council election was held on 21 October 1996 at United Nations Headquarters in New York City during the 51st session of the United Nations General Assembly. The General Assembly elected five non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year terms commencing on 1 January 1997. The five candidates elected were Costa Rica, Japan, Kenya, Portugal, and Sweden.

New York City, United States

1999 Indonesian presidential election

From 20 to 21 October 1999, the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the legislative branch of Indonesia, met to elect both the president and vice president of the country for the 1999–2004 term. The incumbent president, B. J. Habibie, had ascended after the resignation of longtime president Suharto in 1998, but declined to stand for a full term after his accountability speech was voted down.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Indonesia

2000 Ms. Olympia

The 2000 Ms. Olympia contest is an IFBB professional bodybuilding competition and part of Joe Weider's Olympia Fitness & Performance Weekend 2000 that was held on October 21, 2000, at the Mandalay Bay Arena in Paradise, Nevada. It was the 21st Ms. Olympia competition held. Other events at the exhibition include the Mr. Olympia and Fitness Olympia contests.

No Mercy (2001)

No Mercy (2001) was the fourth No Mercy professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by the World Wrestling Federation. It was presented by Subway and took place on October 21, 2001, at the Savvis Center in St. Louis, Missouri. The main event was a Triple Threat No Disqualification match–a match involving three competitors against each other and it would be decided only through pinfall or submission. The match was contested for the WWF Championship. Stone Cold Steve Austin defended the title against Kurt Angle and Rob Van Dam. Austin pinned RVD after a Stone Cold Stunner to retain the title.

St. Louis, United States

Berlin state election, 2001

The Berlin state election, 2001, was conducted on 21 October 2001, to elect members to the Abgeordnetenhaus (House of Deputies) of Berlin.

Berlin, Germany

2001 Galician regional election

A regional election was held in Galicia on 21 October 2001 to elect the 6th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.

Galicia (Spain), Spain

MLS Cup 2001

MLS Cup 2001 was the sixth edition of the MLS Cup, the championship match of Major League Soccer (MLS), which took place on October 21, 2001, at Columbus Crew Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. It was contested by the San Jose Earthquakes and the Los Angeles Galaxy, a pair of in-state rivals from California, to decide the champion of the 2001 season.

United States

2003 Newfoundland and Labrador general election

The 2003 Newfoundland and Labrador general election was held on October 21, 2003, to elect the 48 members of the 45th General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador. The election was called on September 29 by Premier Roger Grimes of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador.

WEC 12

WEC 12: Halloween Fury 3 was a mixed martial arts event promoted by World Extreme Cagefighting on October 21st, 2004 at the Tachi Palace Hotel & Casino in Lemoore, California. The card featured many future superstars such as Jason "The Punisher" Lambert, Nate Diaz, Brad Imes, Chris "Lights Out" Lytle, "The Sandman" James Irvin, Joe "Diesel" Riggs, Chael Sonnen, and MMA legend "Mr. International" Shonie Carter.

California, United States

2006 Prague municipal election

The 2006 Prague municipal election was held as part of 2006 Czech municipal elections. It was held on 20 and 21 October 2006. Civic Democratic Party has won a majority in Prague's assembly. Pavel Bém remained Prague's mayor.

Czechia

2006 Czech municipal elections

Municipal elections were held in the Czech Republic on 20 October and 21 October 2006. The Civic Democratic Party received 35% of the vote, winning more seats than any other party.

Czechia

Pride 32

Pride 32: The Real Deal was a mixed martial arts event and was held by the Pride Fighting Championships. The event took place on October 21, 2006, at the Thomas & Mack Center in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Las Vegas, United States · Nevada, United States

2006 Plzeň municipal election

The Plzeň municipal election of 2006 was held as a part of Czech municipal elections, 2006. It was held on 20 and 21 October 2006. The Civic Democratic Party (ODS) won the election with 45% of the votes. Pavel Rödl then became the new Mayor when ODS formed a coalition with the Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party (KDU-ČSL) and the Right Choice for Plzeň (PVP).

2006 Brno municipal election

Municipal election in Brno was held as part of Czech municipal elections in 2006. The Civic Democratic Party received highest number of votes but the Czech Social Democratic Party formed coalition and Roman Onderka became new Mayor.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Czechia

Polish parliamentary election, 2007

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 21 October 2007, after the Sejm voted for its own dissolution on 7 September. The election took place two years before the maximum tenure of four years, with the previous elections having been in September 2005. The early elections were a result of serious allegations of massive corruption on the part of Andrzej Lepper, leader of the Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland, whose party served as a junior coalition partner to the government of Prime Minister Jarosław Kaczyński. All 460 seats in the Sejm and all 100 seats in the Senate were up for election.

Poland

17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party

The 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in Beijing, China, at the Great Hall of the People from 15 to 21 October 2007. During the Congress, CCP General Secretary Hu Jintao secured a second term as leader, and formally incorporated his key policies into the party constitution. It was succeeded by the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.

2007 Slovenian presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Slovenia in October and November 2007 to elect the successor to Janez Drnovšek. France Cukjati, the President of the National Assembly, called the elections on 20 June 2007. Seven candidates competed in the first round on 21 October 2007; three entered the race as independent candidates, the other four were supported by political parties.

This entry records the first round, as dated in the source infobox.

Slovenia

2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election

The Bihar legislative assembly election, 2010 was held in six phases over a period of one month starting from 21 October until 20 November in all 243 constituencies of Bihar, India.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

India

2012 Galician regional election

A regional election was held in Galicia on 21 October 2012 to elect the 9th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. It was held concurrently with a regional election in the Basque Country. President Alberto Núñez Feijóo announced the election following Lehendakari Patxi López's decision to schedule a Basque snap regional election for 21 October 2012.

Galicia (Spain), Spain

2012 Basque regional election

A regional election was held in the Basque Country on 21 October 2012 to elect the 10th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. It was held concurrently with a regional election in Galicia.

Basque Country (autonomous community), Spain

Calgary municipal election, 2013

The 2013 Calgary municipal election was held Monday, October 21, 2013 to elect a mayor and 14 councillors to the city council, the seven trustees to the Calgary School District (each representing 2 of 14 wards), and five of the seven trustees to the Calgary Catholic School District (each representing 2 of 14 wards). Two incumbent separate school trustees had no challengers. From 1968 to 2013, provincial legislation has required every municipality to hold elections every three years. The Legislative Assembly of Alberta passed a bill on December 5, 2012, amending the Local Authorities Election Act.

Calgary, Canada

Alberta municipal elections, 2013

Municipal elections were held in Alberta, Canada on Monday, October 21, 2013. Mayors (reeves), councillors (aldermen), and trustees were elected to office in 16 of the 17 cities, all 108 towns, all 93 villages, all 5 specialized municipalities, all 64 municipal districts, 3 of the 8 improvement districts, and the advisory councils of the 3 special areas. The City of Lloydminster is on the Saskatchewan schedule (quadrennial), and held elections on October 24, 2012, while 5 improvement districts (Nos. 12, 13, 24, 25, and 349) have no councils and are led solely by the Minister of Municipal Affairs.

Canada

2013 Trinidadian local elections

The 2013 Trinidadian local elections were held on 21 October 2013 to elect representatives in all 14 municipal corporation electoral areas in Trinidad. 136 seats were contested. These were the first elections held after the Municipal Corporations Amendment Act of 2013, which also provided for four aldermen in each corporation to be allocated by proportional representation.

Trinidad and Tobago

Battle of Alagarno

On 21 October 2013, clashes broke out between Boko Haram militants and Nigerian forces in Alagarno, Borno State, Nigeria.

Nigeria

2013 Strathcona County municipal election

The 2013 Strathcona County municipal election was held Monday, October 21, 2013. From 1968 to 2013, provincial legislation has required every municipality to hold elections every three years. The Alberta Legislative Assembly passed a bill on December 5, 2012, amending the Local Authorities Election Act. Starting with the 2013 elections, officials are elected for a four-year term, and municipal elections are moved to a four-year cycle.

2013 Edmonton municipal election

The 2013 Edmonton municipal election was held Monday, October 21, 2013 to elect a mayor and 12 councillors to the city council, seven of the nine trustees to Edmonton Public Schools, and the seven trustees to the Edmonton Catholic Schools. Two incumbent public school trustees had no challengers. From 1968 to 2013, provincial legislation has required every municipality to hold elections every three years.

2013 Wood Buffalo municipal election

The 2013 Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo municipal election was held Monday, October 21, 2013. From 1968 to 2013, provincial legislation has required every municipality to hold elections every three years. The Alberta Legislative Assembly passed a bill on December 5, 2012, amending the Local Authorities Election Act. Starting with the 2013 elections, officials are elected for a four-year term, and municipal elections are moved to a four-year cycle.

2013 Lethbridge municipal election

The 2013 Lethbridge municipal election was held Monday, October 21, 2013 to elect a mayor and eight councillors (at-large), the seven Lethbridge School District No. 51 trustees, and five of the Holy Spirit Roman Catholic Separate Regional Division No. 4’s nine trustees (as Ward 2). This election marks a change of title for council members, from "Alderman", to "Councillor".

Operation Tidal Wave II

Operation Tidal Wave II is a US-led coalition military operation commenced on or about 21 October 2015 against oil transport, refining and distribution facilities and infrastructure under the control of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. Targets include transport trucks, operated by middlemen, which previously were not usually targeted.

Syria

2017 Czech parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in the Czech Republic on 20 and 21 October 2017. All 200 members of the Chamber of Deputies were elected and Andrej Babiš of ANO, also the leader of the resultant government, became the Prime Minister. The coalition government following the 2013 parliamentary elections consisted of the two largest parties: the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD) of Prime Minister Bohuslav Sobotka, and ANO, led by former Finance Minister and businessman Andrej Babiš, alongside the Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party (KDU–ČSL).

Czechia

2017 Ayorou attack

The 2017 Ayorou attack occurred on 21 October 2017 when armed militants from the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara attacked a Nigerien military outpost in the village of Ayorou in southwestern Niger, killing 13 gendarmes. Occurring just weeks after a similar attack in the area killed four American and four Nigerien troops, the attack was carried out by ISGS gunmen who crossed the porous border from Mali.

Niger

UFC Fight Night: Cowboy vs. Till

UFC Fight Night: Cowboy vs. Till (also known as UFC Fight Night 118) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship held on October 21, 2017 at Ergo Arena in Gdańsk, Poland.

Poland

2017 Georgian local elections

The 2017 Georgian local elections (Georgian: საქართველოს ადგილობრივი თვითმმართველობის ორგანოების არჩევნები) were held on 21 October 2017 to elect the bodies of local government of Georgia: 2,058 members of representative councils (sakrebulo) and 64 mayors of municipalities. The votes went into second-round runoffs in six municipalities on 12 November 2017. The ruling Georgian Dream party won in all constituencies under the proportional contest and secured 62 out of 64 mayoral positions.

Georgia

Euphrates Crossing offensive (2017)

The 2017 Euphrates Crossing offensive was a military offensive launched by the Syrian Arab Army against members of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) in the Deir ez-Zor Governorate, following the breaking of the three-year siege of the city of Deir ez-Zor. The Euphrates Crossing offensive, conducted by government troops, was done with the aim of denying US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces and the US itself leverage over the Syrian government.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

Central Syria campaign

The Central Syria campaign, known as "Operation Khuzam", or "Lavender", was a large-scale military operation of the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) against the Islamic State (IS) during the Syrian Civil War. Its goal was to capture the strategic oil town of Al-Sukhnah, and besiege and capture 11,000 square kilometers of ISIL territory in central Syria, after which the Syrian Army would advance towards Deir ez-Zor, and lift the three-year ISIL siege of the government's enclave in the city.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

Impact One Night Only (2018)

One Night Only is a series of professional wrestling events held by the American promotion Impact Wrestling in 2018. Beginning with the 2018 events, the series became exclusive to Global Wrestling Network, rather than be distributed on pay-per-view. All the 2018 events were co-promoted with independent promotions across North America.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

Canada

22nd Busan International Film Festival

The 22nd Busan International Film Festival was held from October 12 to October 21, 2017 at the Busan Cinema Center and hosted by Jang Dong-gun and Im Yoon-ah. A total of 300 films from 75 countries were screened at the festival, including 100 world premieres and 29 international premieres. On October 15, 2017, President Moon made a surprise visit to the festival, promising noninterference and support for the festival.

This entry records the closing, as dated in the source infobox.

2018 Yilan train derailment

On 21 October 2018, a passenger train derailed in Yilan County, Taiwan, killing 18 people and injuring 187. At the time, it was Taiwan's deadliest rail accident since a collision near Miaoli in 1991 that killed 30 people. The Taiwan Transportation Safety Board titled this rail accident of "TRA's Train No. 6432 at Xinma Station" (Chinese: 1021臺鐵第6432次車新馬站重大鐵道事故).

Taiwan

Ryōgoku Peter Pan 2018

Ryōgoku Peter Pan 2018: Autumn Pro-Wrestling Cultural Festival (両国ピーターパン2018〜秋のプロレス文化祭〜, Ryōgoku Pītā Pan 2018: Aki no Puroresu Bunkasai) was a professional wrestling event promoted by DDT Pro-Wrestling (DDT). The event took place on October 21, 2018, in Tokyo at the Ryōgoku Kokugikan. The event, named after the traditional Japanese cultural festivals, featured twelve matches, two of which were contested for championships.

Tokyo, Japan

NWA 70th Anniversary Show

The NWA 70th Anniversary Show was a professional wrestling supercard that took place on October 21, 2018 at the Tennessee State Fairgrounds Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. It was the first event produced under the NWA banner since William Patrick Corgan became the new owner of the organization. The event was co-produced with Global Force Entertainment and was streamed live on FITE TV.

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

2018 Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol provincial elections

The Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol provincial elections of 2018 took place on 21 October 2018.

2018 Polish local elections

The 2018 Polish local elections were held on October 21 for all 16 regional assemblies (sejmik wojewódzki), 380 county (powiat) councils, and 2477 municipal (gmina) councils. There were also direct elections for heads (wójt) of municipalities and mayors, with a second, run-off round for these offices on November 4. The local elections were a victory of the ruling Law and Justice (PiS), though the opposition Civic Coalition (PO) maintained control of the majority of cities, including the capital Warsaw.

This entry records the first round, as dated in the source infobox.

Poland

2019 Canadian federal election

The 2019 Canadian federal election was held on October 21, 2019. Members of the House of Commons were elected to the 43rd Canadian Parliament. In keeping with the maximum four-year term under a 2007 amendment to the Canada Elections Act, the writs of election for the 2019 election were issued by Governor General Julie Payette on September 11, 2019.

Canada

2019 Kerala Legislative Assembly by-elections

Six assembly by-elections were held on 23 September and 21 October 2019, to the six vacant seats in the Kerala Niyamasabha which consists of 140 constituencies in total. By-election took place in two phases. The first phase was conducted on 23 September for Pala Constituency. The remaining 5 assembly constituencies (Manjeshwar, Ernakulam, Aroor, Konni and Vattiyoorkavu) voted to elect their representatives on 21 October.

India

2019 Haryana Legislative Assembly election

Legislative Assembly election was held in the Indian state of Haryana on 21 October 2019 to elect all 90 members of the Haryana Legislative Assembly. The final voter turnout was recorded at 68.20%. The results were announced on 24 October 2019. The Bharatiya Janata Party emerged as the single largest party and formed the government in a post-poll alliance with the Jannayak Janta Party and seven Independent MLAs.

India

Results of the 2019 Canadian federal election by riding

The 2019 Canadian federal election took place on Monday, 21 October 2019. Candidates have been declared for each of the 338 electoral districts or "ridings".

Canada

2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election

The 2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election was held on 21 October 2019 to elect all 288 members of the state's Legislative Assembly. After a 61.4% turnout in the election, the ruling National Democratic Alliance (NDA) of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Shiv Sena (SHS) won a majority. Following differences over the government formation, the alliance was dissolved, precipitating a political crisis.

India

2019 Canadian federal election in Newfoundland and Labrador

The 2019 Canadian federal election in Newfoundland and Labrador was held on October 21, 2019 in the 7 electoral districts in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The Liberal Party, led by Justin Trudeau, won 6 of the province's 7 seats, losing one seat to the New Democratic Party and seeing a significant decrease in its share of the popular vote.

2019 Canadian federal election in Ontario

The 2019 Canadian federal election in Ontario was held on Monday, October 21 across 121 electoral districts within Ontario, as part of the 2019 Canadian federal election.

2019 Canadian federal election in Quebec

In the 2019 Canadian federal election, there were 78 members of Parliament elected to the House of Commons from the province of Quebec, making up 23.1% of all members of the House.

Thirty people are killed in a fiery bus crash in western Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), also known as the DR Congo, Congo-Kinshasa, or simply the Congo, and formerly named Zaire, is a country in Central Africa. By land area, it is the second-largest country in Africa and the eleventh-largest in the world. With a population of about 124 million people, the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the fourth-most populous country in Africa and the most populous Francophone country in the world.

Baharak Ambush

The Baharak ambush was an incident that occurred on October 21, 2020, when members of the Taliban ambushed an Afghan security forces unit in the small village of Baharak in Takhar province. It was the deadliest attack by the Taliban in 2020.

Afghanistan

2020 Sint Eustatius island council election

Island Council elections were held in Sint Eustatius on 21 October 2020. Sint Eustatius is a special municipality (officially "public body") of the Netherlands. The elections were originally to be held on 20 March 2019, but were postponed due to administrative intervention by the Dutch government. On 23 September 2019, a new election date was announced.

Rust shooting incident

On October 21, 2021, at the Bonanza Creek Ranch in Bonanza City, New Mexico, United States, cinematographer Halyna Hutchins was fatally shot and director Joel Souza was injured on the set of the film Rust when a live round was discharged from a revolver that actor Alec Baldwin was using as a prop.

New Mexico, United States

Crown Jewel (2021)

The 2021 Crown Jewel was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) and livestreaming event produced by the American company WWE, held for wrestlers from the promotion's main roster brands, Raw and SmackDown. It was the third Crown Jewel and took place on Thursday, October 21, 2021, at Mohammed Abdu Arena on The Boulevard in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia as part of Riyadh Season.

Saudi Arabia

G1 Climax 31

The G1 Climax 31 was a professional wrestling tournament promoted by New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). The tournament commenced on September 18 and concluded on October 21, 2021. It is the thirty-first edition of G1 Climax, and forty-seventh edition of the tournament counting its previous forms under different names.

Battle of Kawkareik

The Battle of Kawkareik or siege of Kawkareik occurred in late October 2022 when the Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA) escalated fighting in southeastern Myanmar and besieged the district-level capital town of Kawkareik. At the time, it appeared to be a significant first seizure of a major town by anti-junta forces since the renewed civil war.

Myanmar

David Eby becomes leader of British Columbia’s New Democratic Party

On October 21, 2022, David Eby became leader of British Columbia’s New Democratic Party as the only remaining candidate in the leadership contest.

Canada

ONE 162

ONE 162: Zhang vs. Di Bella was a combat sport event produced by ONE Championship that took place on October 21, 2022 at the Axiata Arena in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

UFC 294

UFC 294: Makhachev vs. Volkanovski 2 was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on October 21, 2023, at the Etihad Arena in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Bound for Glory (2023)

The 2023 Bound for Glory was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by Impact Wrestling. It took place on October 21, 2023, at Cicero Stadium in Cicero, Illinois. It was the 19th event under the Bound for Glory chronology, and the second to be held in the Chicago area, following the 2019 event. The event also featured various wrestlers from partner promotion New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW).

Illinois, United States

2023 Western Australian local elections

The 2023 Western Australian local elections were held on 21 October 2023 to elect the councils of 124 of the 137 local government areas (LGAs) in Western Australia. Many councils also held mayoral and deputy mayoral elections. Electoral reform saw optional preferential voting introduced, and council representation changed to align with the population of the district.

2023 Perth City Council election

The 2023 Perth City Council election was held on was held on 21 October 2023 to elect a lord mayor and 4 councillors to the City of Perth. The election was held as part of the statewide local elections in Western Australia.

2023–2024 Gaza Strip preterm births

The Gaza Strip faced a premature baby crisis during the Gaza war. The situation escalated when the Israel Defense Forces raided Al-Shifa Hospital, Al-Nasr Children's Hospital, and Kamal Adwan Hospital. Reports of premature babies in intensive care having to be evacuated from Al-Shifa, as well as the destruction of embryos destined for implantation added to concerns about the rising number of preterm births in the Gaza Strip.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

October 2024 Vietnamese presidential election

An indirect presidential election was held in Vietnam on 21 October 2024. The election took place just five months after the May 2024 election of President Tô Lâm who has since been appointed as the general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, following the death of his predecessor, Nguyễn Phú Trọng, in July 2024.

Vietnam

2024 New Brunswick general election

The 2024 New Brunswick general election was held on October 21, 2024, where 49 members were elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick. It was formally called upon the dissolution of the 60th New Brunswick Legislature on September 19, 2024. The incumbent Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick (PC) government, led by Premier Blaine Higgs since 2018, sought re-election to a third consecutive term.