What happened on January 23?

55 sourced historical events are currently published for January 23. Browse the chronology below or filter this date by place and event type. This collection is expanding, not an exhaustive account of the day.

Explore this date

The published January 23 chronology runs from 1556 to 2025, a span of 469 years. It contains 55 sourced records across 25 countries and 5 event categories. These figures describe the current collection, not all events that occurred on this date.

Start at the earliest published record or jump to the latest. The counts below show where this collection is concentrated.

Most represented topics

  • Politics & society · 36 records
  • War & conflict · 10 records
  • Sport · 4 records
  • Arts & culture · 3 records

Most represented countries

  • United States · 14 records
  • India · 12 records
  • United Kingdom · 6 records
  • People's Republic of China · 2 records
  • Albania · 1 record

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January 23 historical events

1556 — 1556 Shaanxi earthquake

The 1556 Shaanxi earthquake (Chinese: 华县大地震; pinyin: Huáxiàn Dàdìzhèn) or Jiajing earthquake (Chinese: 嘉靖大地震; pinyin: Jiājìng Dàdìzhèn) was a catastrophic earthquake and is also the deadliest earthquake on record, killing approximately 830,000 people. It occurred on the morning of 23 January 1556 in Shaanxi, during the Ming Dynasty. More than 97 counties in the provinces of Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Gansu, Hebei, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu and Anhui were affected. Buildings were damaged slightly in the cities of Beijing, Chengdu and Shanghai. An 840-kilometre-wide (520 mi) area was destroyed, and in some counties as much as 60% of the population was killed.

People's Republic of China · Disasters · Checked 2026-09-23

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1573 — Battle of Lode

Battle of Lode was a battle fought during the Livonian War, between Sweden and Russia on 23 January 1573. The battle was won by the Swedes.

Estonia · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23

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1795 — Capture of the Dutch fleet at Den Helder

The Capture of the Dutch fleet at Den Helder or the Battle of Texel occurred in the night of the 23 January 1795, and presents a rare occurrence of a "naval" battle between warships and cavalry; a French Hussar regiment surprised a Dutch fleet frozen at anchor between the port of Den Helder and the island of Texel. After an extraordinary charge across the frozen Zuiderzee, the French cavalry captured 14 Dutch ships and 850 guns. This capture of ships by horsemen is a unique feat in military history. Some sources however say that no battle took place, and that Hussars merely accepted the surrender of the Dutch fleet.

Den Helder, Netherlands · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23

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1857 — 1857 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

The 1857 United States Senate election in Wisconsin was held in the 10th Wisconsin Legislature on January 23, 1857. Incumbent Democratic U.S. senator Henry Dodge did not run for re-election. Former Wisconsin circuit court judge James R. Doolittle was elected United States senator on the first ballot. At the start of the 1857 term, Republicans held large majorities in both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature, so had more than enough votes to elect a Republican United States senator.

Wisconsin, United States · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1861 — 1861 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

The 1861 United States Senate election in Wisconsin was held in the 14th Wisconsin Legislature on January 23, 1861. Incumbent Republican U.S. senator Charles Durkee did not run for re-election. Former Wisconsin circuit court judge Timothy O. Howe was elected United States senator on the first ballot. At the start of the 1861 term, Republicans held large majorities in both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature, so had more than enough votes to elect a Republican United States senator.

Wisconsin, United States · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1864 — Battle of Sabana de San Pedro

The Battle of Sabana de San Pedro was a military engagement of the Dominican Restoration War that occurred on January 23, 1864. The Spanish Army under the command of Field Marshal Antonio Abad Alfau defeated the Dominican Liberation Army commanded by General Gregorio Luperón, forcing them to withdraw from the Sabana de San Pedro area.

Dominican Republic · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23

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1867 — 1867 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

The 1867 United States Senate election in Wisconsin was held in the 20th Wisconsin Legislature on January 23, 1867. Incumbent Republican U.S. senator Timothy O. Howe was re-elected on the first ballot. At the start of the 1867 term, Republicans held large majorities in both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature, bolstered by the National Union Party coalition, and were easily able to re-elect their incumbent U.S. senator.

Wisconsin, United States · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1870 — Marias Massacre

The Marias Massacre (also known as the Baker Massacre or the Piegan Massacre) was a massacre of a friendly band of Piegan Blackfeet Indians on January 23, 1870, by the United States Army in Montana Territory during the Indian Wars. About 200 Indians were killed, mostly women, children, and elderly men. During a campaign to suppress Mountain Chief's band of Piegan Blackfeet, (who harbored a man named Owl Child, said to have murdered a white trader and rancher, Malcolm Clarke), the U.S. Army instead attacked a band led by Heavy Runner, a chief who had been promised protection by the United States government.

Montana, United States · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23

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1889 — 1889 Wiltshire County Council election

The first-ever Elections to Wiltshire County Council were held on 23 January 1889. Sixty members were up for election, with up to twenty more voting aldermen to be appointed by the new council. The first Chairman of the Council was John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath, and he remained in office until his death in 1896.

England, United Kingdom · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1895 — 1895 United States Senate special election in California

The 1895 United States Senate special election in California was held on January 23, 1895, by the California State Legislature to elect a U.S. senator (Class 3) to represent the State of California in the United States Senate. Incumbent Republican Senator George Clement Perkins, who was appointed by Governor Henry Markham to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Senator Leland Stanford in 1893, was re-elected to a full term in office, defeating newspaper publisher and fellow Republican M.

California, United States · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1900 — Battle of Spion Kop

The Battle of Spion Kop (Dutch: Slag bij Spionkop; Afrikaans: Slag van Spioenkop) was fought about 38 km (24 mi) west-south-west of Ladysmith on the hilltop of Spioenkop along the Tugela River, Natal in South Africa from 23–24 January 1900. It was fought between the South African Republic and the Orange Free State on the one hand and British forces during the Second Boer War campaign to relieve Ladysmith.

Ladysmith, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23

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1925 — 1925 Chilean coup d'état

The Chilean coup d'état of 1925 took place on January 23, 1925, when the Chilean military overthrew the September Junta. Led by Colonel Marmaduque Grove, the troops arrested the Junta's President, General Luis Altamirano, and then handed the power to General Pedro Dartnell as interim President. The organizers of the coup hoped to recall former president Arturo Alessandri, who had been forced into exile after the September Junta's coming to power. However, General Dartnell ultimately refused to rule alone and formed the January Junta a few days later, handing power to Emilio Bello Codecido.

Santiago, Chile · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23

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1934 — New Orleans mayoral election, 1934

The New Orleans mayoral election of 1934 was held on January 23, 1934. It resulted in the re-election of T. Semmes Walmsley as Mayor of New Orleans.

New Orleans, United States · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1941 — Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom

Between 21 and 23 January 1941, a rebellion of the Iron Guard paramilitary organization, whose members were known as Legionnaires, occurred in Bucharest, Romania. As their privileges were being gradually removed by the Conducător Ion Antonescu, the Legionnaires revolted. During the rebellion and subsequent pogrom, the Iron Guard killed 125 Jews, and 30 soldiers died in the confrontation with the rebels.

Brașov, Romania · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23

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1945 — Koplik uprising

The Koplik Uprising (Albanian: Kryengritja e Koplikut) was an anti-communist armed revolt in Albania that took place on January 23, 1945. In Koplik, the center of Malësia e Madhe. It was one of the earliest uprisings against the ruling Communist Party in Eastern Europe. The uprising occurred under national-democratic ideas and was eventually suppressed by state security forces.

Albania · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23

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1948 — 1948 Chinese legislative election

The 1st Legislative Yuan election was held in China between 21 and 23 January 1948. This election, and the preceding 1947 National Assembly election are the first elections of under the newly ratified 1947 Constitution of the Republic of China. Under this constitution, the Legislative Yuan is a standing legislature when the National Assembly is not in session.

People's Republic of China · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1949 — Japanese general election, 1949

General elections were held in Japan on 23 January 1949. The result was a victory for the Democratic Liberal Party, which won 269 of the 466 seats. Voter turnout was 74.0%. It was the first election held following the enactment of the current Constitution of Japan. Future prime ministers Hayato Ikeda and Eisaku Satō and future Foreign Minister and Chief Cabinet Secretary Katsuo Okazaki were first elected in this election. The second cabinet of Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida was formed following the election.

Japan · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1958 — 1958 Venezuelan coup d'état

The 1958 Venezuelan coup d'état took place on 23 January 1958, when the dictator Marcos Pérez Jiménez was overthrown. A transition government under first Adm. Wolfgang Larrazábal and then Edgar Sanabria was put in place until December 1958 elections saw Democratic Action candidate Rómulo Betancourt elected and take office on 13 February 1959. One of Caracas' neighbourhoods, Barrio 23 de Enero (23 January neighbourhood), is named for the event.

Venezuela · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23

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1963 — 1962 Israel Super Cup

The 1962 Israel Super Cup was the 2nd Israel Super Cup, an annual Israeli football match played between the winners of the previous season's Top Division and Israel State Cup. As the match was not set by the Israel Football Association, it was considered an unofficial cup, with the cup being donated by Ilanshil-Polio, an Israeli organization dedicated to aid Poliomyelitis victims, with proceedings going towards the organization. The match, held on 23 January 1963, ended in a 2–2 draw and the cup was shared by the teams.

Tel Aviv, Israel · Sport · Checked 2026-09-23

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1972 — 1972 Liechtenstein local elections

Local elections were held in Liechtenstein on 23 January 1972 to elect the municipal councils and the mayors of the eleven municipalities.

Liechtenstein · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1982 — World Airways Flight 30

World Airways Flight 30 was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30CF airliner which suffered a fatal accident upon landing at Logan International Airport in Boston, skidding into Boston Harbor, on January 23, 1982. Two of the passengers were never found, and are presumed to have drowned.

Massachusetts, United States · Disasters · Checked 2026-09-23

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1986 — Belfast East by-election, 1986

The 1986 Belfast East by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

United Kingdom · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1986 — Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election, 1986

The 1986 Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

United Kingdom · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1986 — Mid Ulster by-election, 1986

The 1986 Mid Ulster by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

United Kingdom · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1986 — Newry and Armagh by-election, 1986

The 1986 by-election in Newry and Armagh was caused by the resignation of incumbent Member of Parliament Jim Nicholson. Nicholson, along with all sitting Unionist MPs, resigned their Westminster seats in December 1985, to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement and to use the resultant by-elections to campaign on the issue. The poll was held on 23 January 1986, and was unusual for a by-election in the turnout being higher than for the preceding General Election, however Nicholson was not re-elected, losing his seat to the nationalist SDLP candidate Seamus Mallon. Nicholson also failed to recapture the seat at the following general election.

United Kingdom · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1986 — Upper Bann by-election, 1986

The 1986 Upper Bann by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

United Kingdom · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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1993 — ECW Battle of the Belts

Battle of the Belts was an interpromotional professional wrestling live event produced by National Wrestling Alliance member Eastern Championship Wrestling (ECW) and the World Wrestling Association (WWA) on January 23, 1993. The event was held at the Radisson Hotel in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The show saw ECW President Tod Gordon pitted against WWA President Dennis Coralluzzo including, most notably, during the Champion vs. Champion matches.

Philadelphia, United States · Arts & culture · Checked 2026-09-23

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1998 — First Attack on Prekaz

The First Attack on Prekaz occurred on 22 and 23 January 1998 during the Insurgency in Kosovo when the Yugoslav Army and Serbian police attacked the Jashari compound in Donji Prekaz, Kosovo. The goal of the attack was to arrest one of the founders of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), Adem Jashari after he was charged with terrorism in absentia along with several other individuals in a trial that was criticized for not conforming to international standards.

Kosovo · War & conflict · Checked 2026-09-23

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2000 — Royal Rumble (2000)

Royal Rumble (2000) was the thirteenth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on January 23, 2000, at Madison Square Garden in New York, New York. The main event was the Royal Rumble match, which The Rock won by last eliminating The Big Show to win the match. The undercard included a street fight match between Triple H and Cactus Jack for the WWF Championship, a Triple Threat match for the WWF Intercontinental Championship, and the New Age Outlaws defending their WWF Tag Team Championship against The Acolytes.

New York, United States · New York City, United States · Arts & culture · Checked 2026-09-23

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2006 — Canadian federal election, 2006

The 2006 Canadian federal election (more formally, the 39th General Election) was held on January 23, 2006, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 39th Parliament of Canada. The Conservative Party of Canada won the greatest number of seats: 40.3% of seats, or 124 out of 308, up from 99 seats in 2004, and 36.3% of votes: up from 29.6% in the 2004 election. The election resulted in a minority government led by the Conservative Party with Stephen Harper becoming the 22nd Prime Minister of Canada. By proportion of seats, this was Canada's smallest minority government since Confederation.

Canada · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2008 — UFC Fight Night: Swick vs. Burkman

UFC Fight Night: Swick vs. Burkman (also known as UFC Fight Night 12) was a mixed martial arts (MMA) event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) on January 23, 2008 at the Palms Casino Resort in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Las Vegas, United States · Sport · Checked 2026-09-23

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2011 — Central African general election, 2011

General elections were held in the Central African Republic on 23 January 2011 to elect the President and National Assembly, having been postponed numerous times. Incumbent President François Bozizé was re-elected for a second term in the first round of voting, receiving 66% of the vote. The organization of the elections was plagued by difficulties, and the opposition repeatedly demanded its postponement. Ultimately it was delayed until January 2011, requiring an extension of the terms of both the President and the National Assembly. The second round of the parliamentary elections was held on 27 March 2011, after being postponed from 20 March.

Central African Republic · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2011 — Portuguese presidential election, 2011

The 2011 Portuguese presidential election was held on 23 January 2011. This election resulted in the re-election of Aníbal Cavaco Silva to a second term as President of Portugal. Turnout in this election was very low, where only 46.52% of the electorate cast their ballots. Cavaco Silva won by a landslide winning all 18 districts, both Autonomous regions of Azores and Madeira and 292 municipalities of a total of 308.

Portugal · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2013 — Jordanian general election, 2013

Early general elections were held in Jordan on 23 January 2013. Voter turnout was reported to be 56.6%.

Jordan · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2016 — World Series of Fighting 27: Firmino vs. Fodor

World Series of Fighting 27: Future Champs was a mixed martial arts event held January 23, 2016 in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. This event aired on NBCSN in the U.S and on Fight Network in Canada.

United States · Sport · Checked 2026-09-23

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2016 — 2016 Green Party (Czech Republic) leadership election

The Green Party (SZ) leadership election of 2016 was held on 23 January 2016. Matěj Stropnický was elected new leader of the party. 222 delegates were allowed to vote.

Czechia · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2017 — 2017 Tobago House of Assembly election

House of Assembly elections were held in Tobago on 23 January 2017. The result was a victory for the People's National Movement, which won ten of the twelve seats in the Tobago House of Assembly.

Trinidad and Tobago · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2020 — 2020 Nepalese National Assembly election

National Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 23 January 2020 across all seven provinces to elect the 18 of the 19 retiring members of the National Assembly. According to Article 86 of the Constitution of Nepal 2015, one third of the members of the National Assembly are elected every two years through an electoral college.

Nepal · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2021 — 2021 Rockhampton mayoral by-election

The 2021 Rockhampton mayoral by-election was held on 23 January 2021 to elect the mayor of the Rockhampton Region in Queensland, Australia. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of long-serving mayor Margaret Strelow, who resigned on 9 November 2020 after the Councillor Conduct Tribunal found that she had engaged in misconduct.

Australia · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2021 — 2020 Copa Sudamericana final

The 2020 Copa Sudamericana final was the final match which decided the winner of the 2020 Copa Sudamericana, the 19th edition of the Copa Sudamericana, South America's secondary international club football tournament organized by CONMEBOL. The match was played on 23 January 2021 at the Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes in Córdoba, Argentina, between Argentine teams Lanús and Defensa y Justicia.

Argentina · Sport · Checked 2026-09-24

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2023 — WWE Raw is XXX

Raw is XXX (pronounced "Raw is Thirty") was a professional wrestling television special of WWE's weekly television series, Monday Night Raw. The special episode was held on January 23, 2023, at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and was broadcast live on the USA Network. It was a commemoration of the 30th anniversary of the program's debut in January 1993 as well as the final Raw before the 2023 Royal Rumble event.

Pennsylvania, United States · Philadelphia, United States · Arts & culture · Checked 2026-09-23

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2024 — 2024 New Hampshire Democratic presidential primary

The 2024 New Hampshire Democratic presidential primary was held on January 23, 2024, as a state-run contest during the Democratic Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. The state party followed up with a formal party-run contest on April 27 to comply with DNC rules.

New Hampshire, United States · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2024 — 2024 New Hampshire Republican presidential primary

The 2024 New Hampshire Republican presidential primary was held on January 23, 2024, as part of the Republican Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. 22 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention were allocated on a proportional basis, as long as the candidate received at least 10% of the statewide vote. Any leftover delegates were to be added to the candidate that receives the most votes in the primary.

New Hampshire, United States · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Roorkee Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Roorkee Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Roorkee Municipal Corporation which governs Roorkee city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Uttarakhand local elections

The 2025 Uttarakhand Municipal general elections were held on 23 January 2025 to elect members of 100 municipalities in the state. Elections were conducted in all of the 11 municipal corporations, 43 municipal councils, and 47 nagar panchayats and the results were declared on 25 January 2025. The elections were postponed for municipal council of Narendranagar and notified area council of Pati and Garhinegi.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Rudrapur Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Rudrapur Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Rudrapur Municipal Corporation which governs Rudrapur city. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Srinagar, Uttarakhand Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Srinagar Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Srinagar Municipal Corporation which governs Srinagar town in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Kotdwar Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Kotdwar Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Kotdwar Municipal Corporation which governs Kotdwar city. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Kashipur Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Kashipur Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Kashipur Municipal Corporation which governs Kashipur city. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Haridwar Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Haridwar Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Haridwar Municipal Corporation which governs Haridwar city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Haldwani Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Haldwani Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Haldwani Municipal Corporation which governs Haldwani city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Pithoragarh Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Pithoragarh Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Pithoragarh Municipal Corporation which governs Pithoragarh City, the largest hill city in Uttarakhand. It was held on 23 January 2025. It was won by Kapana Devlal of BJP who defeated Congress rebel and Congress MLA Mayukh Mahar backed candidate Monika Mahar by just 17 votes in a very close election.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Almora Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Almora Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Almora Municipal Corporation which governs Almora city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Rishikesh Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Rishikesh Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Rishikesh Municipal Corporation which governs Rishikesh city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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2025 — 2025 Dehradun Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Dehradun Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Dehradun Municipal Corporation which governs Dehradun City, the largest city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025. To the 100-ward body, 63 members from the Bharatiya Janata Party were elected, while 24 came from the Indian National Congress and remaining 13 being Independents.

India · Politics & society · Checked 2026-09-23

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