1月23日发生过什么？

Honorius elevated to Augustus

On 23 January 393, Emperor Theodosius I proclaimed his son Honorius Augustus, making him a co-ruler of the Roman Empire. Honorius later ruled the western part of the empire after his father’s death in 395.

Battle of Loděnice

The Battle of Loděnice was a conflict that took place in 23 January 1179 near the village Loděnice. It was a clash between two Bohemian princes over the succession of the duchy. Soběslav II defeated Bedřich, who was forced to flee. Despite Soběslav's significant victory, he was eventually routed by Bedřich and Czech prince, Konrád II Ota, who overthrew Soběslav, at the end of the war.

Louis IX issues the Mise of Amiens

On 23 January 1264, King Louis IX of France issued the Mise of Amiens, arbitrating the dispute between Henry III of England and the rebellious barons led by Simon de Montfort. His decision strongly favored Henry and failed to settle the conflict.

France

Zhu Yuanzhang proclaims the Ming dynasty

On 23 January 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor and named his dynasty the Great Ming in China. He ruled as the Hongwu Emperor.

People's Republic of China

1556 Shaanxi earthquake

The 1556 Shaanxi earthquake (Chinese: 华县大地震; pinyin: Huáxiàn Dàdìzhèn) or Jiajing earthquake (Chinese: 嘉靖大地震; pinyin: Jiājìng Dàdìzhèn) was a catastrophic earthquake and is also the deadliest earthquake on record, killing approximately 830,000 people. It occurred on the morning of 23 January 1556 in Shaanxi, during the Ming Dynasty. More than 97 counties in the provinces of Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Gansu, Hebei, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu and Anhui were affected. Buildings were damaged slightly in the cities of Beijing, Chengdu and Shanghai. An 840-kilometre-wide (520 mi) area was destroyed, and in some counties as much as 60% of the population was killed.

People's Republic of China

Battle of Talikota

The Battle of Talikota, also known as that of Rakshasi-Tangadi, (23 January 1565) was a watershed battle fought between the Vijayanagara Empire and an alliance of the Deccan sultanates. The battle resulted in the defeat of Aliya Rama Raya which led to the eventual collapse of the polity and reconfigured Deccan politics.

Regent Moray assassinated in Linlithgow

On 23 January 1570, James Stewart, Earl of Moray and regent of Scotland, was shot in Linlithgow by James Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh, a supporter of Mary, Queen of Scots. Linlithgow is in present-day United Kingdom.

United Kingdom

Elizabeth I formally opens the Royal Exchange

On 23 January 1571, Queen Elizabeth I formally opened the Royal Exchange in London, in present-day United Kingdom. She gave the building its royal title and a licence to sell alcohol and valuable goods.

United Kingdom

Battle of Lode

Battle of Lode was a battle fought during the Livonian War, between Sweden and Russia on 23 January 1573. The battle was won by the Swedes.

Estonia

Diocese of Macau established

On January 23, 1576, Pope Gregory XIII established the Diocese of Macau, separating it from the Diocese of Malacca. Its original jurisdiction was much larger than the present-day diocese.

Macau

The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant republic in the Netherlands

The Union of Utrecht (Dutch: Unie van Utrecht) was an alliance based on an agreement concluded on 23 January 1579 between a number of Dutch provinces and cities, to reach a joint commitment against the king, Philip II of Spain. By joining forces, they hoped to force him to stop his harsh administrative measures.

Battle of Martorell (1641)

The Battle of Martorell (Catalan: Batalla de Martorell) is one of the episodes of the Reapers' War in Catalonia that took place from 20 to 23 January 1641 and ended in a victory for the Spanish troops.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Leeds

The battle of Leeds took place during the First English Civil War on 23 January 1643, when a Parliamentarian force attacked the Royalist garrison of Leeds, Yorkshire. The attack was partly dictated by the need to maintain local support for the Parliamentarian cause; the Earl of Newcastle had recently shifted the balance of power in Yorkshire in the Royalists' favour with the addition of his 8,000-strong army, and sent one of his commanders, Sir William Savile to capture Leeds.

Pascal’s first Provincial Letter is dated

The first of Blaise Pascal’s Provincial Letters is dated January 23, 1656. Written in France under a pseudonym, the letters addressed disputes over grace and criticized the Jesuits’ moral arguments.

France

Moscow University establishment decreed

On 23 January 1755, Empress Elizabeth decreed the establishment of Moscow University in Russia. The date was January 12 in the Julian calendar then in use.

Russia

Georgetown’s founders receive the campus land deed

On January 23, 1789, John Carroll, Robert Molyneux and John Ashton received the deed for the land on which Georgetown’s first academy building was already under construction, in what is now Washington, D.C., United States. Georgetown regards this as its founding date; teaching began in late 1791.

United States of America

Capture of the Dutch fleet at Den Helder

The Capture of the Dutch fleet at Den Helder or the Battle of Texel occurred in the night of the 23 January 1795, and presents a rare occurrence of a "naval" battle between warships and cavalry; a French Hussar regiment surprised a Dutch fleet frozen at anchor between the port of Den Helder and the island of Texel. After an extraordinary charge across the frozen Zuiderzee, the French cavalry captured 14 Dutch ships and 850 guns. This capture of ships by horsemen is a unique feat in military history. Some sources however say that no battle took place, and that Hussars merely accepted the surrender of the Dutch fleet.

Den Helder, Netherlands

1857 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

The 1857 United States Senate election in Wisconsin was held in the 10th Wisconsin Legislature on January 23, 1857. Incumbent Democratic U.S. senator Henry Dodge did not run for re-election. Former Wisconsin circuit court judge James R. Doolittle was elected United States senator on the first ballot. At the start of the 1857 term, Republicans held large majorities in both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature, so had more than enough votes to elect a Republican United States senator.

Wisconsin, United States

1861 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

The 1861 United States Senate election in Wisconsin was held in the 14th Wisconsin Legislature on January 23, 1861. Incumbent Republican U.S. senator Charles Durkee did not run for re-election. Former Wisconsin circuit court judge Timothy O. Howe was elected United States senator on the first ballot. At the start of the 1861 term, Republicans held large majorities in both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature, so had more than enough votes to elect a Republican United States senator.

Wisconsin, United States

Battle of Lubartów (1863)

The Battle of Lubartów, which took place on the night of 22–23 January 1863, was one of the first battles of the January Uprising. Several hundred Polish insurgents, mostly scythemen and some armed with sticks, planned to attack the town of Lubartów, Congress Poland, which was garrisoned by the Imperial Russian Army. Furthermore, the Poles wanted to capture the nearby hamlet of Skrobów, where Russian artillery cannons were kept.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Szydłowiec

The Battle of Szydłowiec took place in the night of 22–23 January 1863, during the January Uprising. It began when Polish insurgents under Captain August Jasiński and Colonel Marian Langiewicz attacked the town of Szydłowiec (Congress Poland), where a garrison of the Imperial Russian Army stayed. Szydlowiec was defended by an infantry regiment under Major Rudigier.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Sabana de San Pedro

The Battle of Sabana de San Pedro was a military engagement of the Dominican Restoration War that occurred on January 23, 1864. The Spanish Army under the command of Field Marshal Antonio Abad Alfau defeated the Dominican Liberation Army commanded by General Gregorio Luperón, forcing them to withdraw from the Sabana de San Pedro area.

Dominican Republic

1867 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

The 1867 United States Senate election in Wisconsin was held in the 20th Wisconsin Legislature on January 23, 1867. Incumbent Republican U.S. senator Timothy O. Howe was re-elected on the first ballot. At the start of the 1867 term, Republicans held large majorities in both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature, bolstered by the National Union Party coalition, and were easily able to re-elect their incumbent U.S. senator.

Wisconsin, United States

Marias Massacre

The Marias Massacre (also known as the Baker Massacre or the Piegan Massacre) was a massacre of a friendly band of Piegan Blackfeet Indians on January 23, 1870, by the United States Army in Montana Territory during the Indian Wars. About 200 Indians were killed, mostly women, children, and elderly men. During a campaign to suppress Mountain Chief's band of Piegan Blackfeet, (who harbored a man named Owl Child, said to have murdered a white trader and rancher, Malcolm Clarke), the U.S. Army instead attacked a band led by Heavy Runner, a chief who had been promised protection by the United States government.

Montana, United States

Battle of Rorke's Drift

The Battle of Rorke's Drift, also known as the Defence of Rorke's Drift, was an engagement in the Anglo-Zulu War. The successful British defence of the Swedish mission station and British supply depot at Rorke's Drift, it was carried out by a vastly outnumbered British force under the command of Lieutenants John Chard of the Royal Engineers and Gonville Bromhead of the 24th Regiment of Foot.

Anglo-Zulu War: The Battle of Rorke's Drift ends.

1883 Manitoba general election

The 1883 Manitoba general election was held on January 23, 1883, to elect 31 members to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba. Incumbent premier John Norquay and his allies won re-election. This was the first partisan election in Manitoba, though the political parties were still unofficial. Norquay himself was officially independent, but he aligned with the Conservative Party, and his MLAs were considered to be the province's de facto Conservative Party.

1889 Wiltshire County Council election

The first-ever Elections to Wiltshire County Council were held on 23 January 1889. Sixty members were up for election, with up to twenty more voting aldermen to be appointed by the new council. The first Chairman of the Council was John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath, and he remained in office until his death in 1896.

England, United Kingdom

1895 United States Senate special election in California

The 1895 United States Senate special election in California was held on January 23, 1895, by the California State Legislature to elect a U.S. senator (Class 3) to represent the State of California in the United States Senate. Incumbent Republican Senator George Clement Perkins, who was appointed by Governor Henry Markham to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Senator Leland Stanford in 1893, was re-elected to a full term in office, defeating newspaper publisher and fellow Republican M.

California, United States

Malolos Constitution takes effect

On January 23, 1899, the Malolos Constitution took effect as the First Philippine Republic was inaugurated. The constitution had been promulgated on January 21.

Philippines

Battle of Spion Kop

The Battle of Spion Kop (Dutch: Slag bij Spionkop; Afrikaans: Slag van Spioenkop) was fought about 38 km (24 mi) west-south-west of Ladysmith on the hilltop of Spioenkop along the Tugela River, Natal in South Africa from 23–24 January 1900. It was fought between the South African Republic and the Orange Free State on the one hand and British forces during the Second Boer War campaign to relieve Ladysmith.

Ladysmith, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Ålesund fire

The Ålesund fire happened on 23 January 1904 in the Norwegian city of Ålesund. It destroyed almost the whole city centre, built mostly of wood, like the majority of Norwegian towns at the time. The town has since been rebuilt and it is now the administrative centre of Ålesund Municipality.

First International Opium Convention

The First International Opium Convention (also called 1912 Opium Convention or Hague Opium Convention) is a former international treaty signed at The Hague in 1912. The conference were an international effort by states to regulate the trade of opium and suppress illicit opium consumption. It was followed in 1925 by the Second International Opium Convention signed in Geneva.

The First International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague.

1913 Ottoman coup d'état

The 1913 Ottoman coup d'état (23 January 1913), also known as the Raid on the Sublime Porte (Turkish: Bâb-ı Âlî Baskını), was a coup d'état carried out in the Ottoman Empire by a number of Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) members led by Ismail Enver Bey and Mehmed Talât Bey, in which the group made a surprise raid on the central Ottoman government buildings, the Sublime Porte (Turkish: Bâb-ı Âlî).

1913 Tasmanian state election

The 1913 Tasmanian state election was held on Thursday, 23 January 1913 in the Australian state of Tasmania to elect 30 members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. The election used the Hare-Clark proportional representation system — six members were elected from each of five electorates. The 1913 election was called less than a year after the 1912 election.

Livingstone Bruce Plantation Raid

The Livingstone Bruce Plantation Raid was an attack on the European owned and run cotton and tobacco plantation, which was situated at Magomero. The attack on the plantation was only major action of the ill fated Chilembwe uprising.

Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents

The Regional Congresses of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents represented the "highest form of democratic authority" within the political system of the Makhnovshchina. They brought together delegates from the region's peasantry, industrial workers and insurgent soldiers, which would discuss the issues at hand and take their decisions back with them to local popular assemblies.

The First Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents is held by the Makhnovshchina at Velykomykhailivka.

1925 Chilean coup d'état

The Chilean coup d'état of 1925 took place on January 23, 1925, when the Chilean military overthrew the September Junta. Led by Colonel Marmaduque Grove, the troops arrested the Junta's President, General Luis Altamirano, and then handed the power to General Pedro Dartnell as interim President. The organizers of the coup hoped to recall former president Arturo Alessandri, who had been forced into exile after the September Junta's coming to power. However, General Dartnell ultimately refused to rule alone and formed the January Junta a few days later, handing power to Emilio Bello Codecido.

Santiago, Chile

New Orleans mayoral election, 1934

The New Orleans mayoral election of 1934 was held on January 23, 1934. It resulted in the re-election of T. Semmes Walmsley as Mayor of New Orleans.

New Orleans, United States

Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom

Between 21 and 23 January 1941, a rebellion of the Iron Guard paramilitary organization, whose members were known as Legionnaires, occurred in Bucharest, Romania. As their privileges were being gradually removed by the Conducător Ion Antonescu, the Legionnaires revolted. During the rebellion and subsequent pogrom, the Iron Guard killed 125 Jews, and 30 soldiers died in the confrontation with the rebels.

Brașov, Romania

Operation Southeast Croatia called off

On 23 January 1942, the German-led Operation Southeast Croatia was called off after failing to destroy the Yugoslav Partisan forces it targeted. The operation had begun on January 15 in eastern Bosnia, in present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

New Guinea campaign

The New Guinea campaign of the Pacific War lasted from January 1942 until the end of the war in August 1945. During the initial phase in early 1942, the Empire of Japan invaded the Territory of New Guinea on 23 January and Territory of Papua on 21 July and overran western New Guinea (part of the Netherlands East Indies) beginning on 29 March.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Tripoli (1943)

The Battle of Tripoli was an engagement on between the German-Italian Panzer Army commanded by Erwin Rommel of Nazi Germany and Ettore Bastico of Kingdom of Italy, who held the town, and the British 8th Army, a Commonwealth force commanded by Sir Bernard Montgomery. After a short siege, the Italian and German forces withdrew from Tripoli, and the Allies entered the town to great worldwide fanfare.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Libya

Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse

The Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse, part of which is sometimes called the Battle of the Gifu, or the Battle of the Mountain of Blood among the Japanese, took place from 15 December 1942 to 23 January 1943 and was primarily an engagement between United States and Imperial Japanese forces in the hills near the Matanikau River area on Guadalcanal during the Guadalcanal campaign.

The Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse, part of which is sometimes called the Battle of the Gifu, or the Battle of the Mountain of Blood among the Japanese, took place from 15 December 1942 to 23 January 1943 and was primarily an engagement between United States and Imperial Japanese forces in the hills near the Matanikau River area on Guadalcanal during the Guadalcanal campaign.

Koplik uprising

The Koplik Uprising (Albanian: Kryengritja e Koplikut) was an anti-communist armed revolt in Albania that took place on January 23, 1945. In Koplik, the center of Malësia e Madhe. It was one of the earliest uprisings against the ruling Communist Party in Eastern Europe. The uprising occurred under national-democratic ideas and was eventually suppressed by state security forces.

Albania

Operation Hannibal

Operation Hannibal was a German naval operation involving the evacuation by sea of German troops and civilians from the Courland Pocket, East Prussia, West Prussia and Pomerania from mid-January to May 1945 as the Red Army advanced during the East Prussian and East Pomeranian Offensives and subsidiary operations. The operation was one of the largest evacuations by sea in history.

World War II: German admiral Karl Dönitz launches Operation Hannibal, the evacuation of areas along the eastern Baltic coast.

1948 Chinese legislative election

The 1st Legislative Yuan election was held in China between 21 and 23 January 1948. This election, and the preceding 1947 National Assembly election are the first elections of under the newly ratified 1947 Constitution of the Republic of China. Under this constitution, the Legislative Yuan is a standing legislature when the National Assembly is not in session.

People's Republic of China

Japanese general election, 1949

General elections were held in Japan on 23 January 1949. The result was a victory for the Democratic Liberal Party, which won 269 of the 466 seats. Voter turnout was 74.0%. It was the first election held following the enactment of the current Constitution of Japan. Future prime ministers Hayato Ikeda and Eisaku Satō and future Foreign Minister and Chief Cabinet Secretary Katsuo Okazaki were first elected in this election. The second cabinet of Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida was formed following the election.

Japan

APRA coup d'état

The APRA coup d’état (Indonesian: Peristiwa Kudeta Angkatan Perang Ratu Adil) or the January 23 coup d’état (Indonesian: Kudeta 23 Januari) was a coup d'état by Raymond Westerling's Legion of the Just Ruler (APRA) to capture Bandung and Jakarta, with the aim to overthrow Sukarno's unitary Republic of Indonesia. Westerling was a demobilised Dutch Captain of the KNIL (Royal Netherlands East Indies Army), who sought to preserve the federal Republic of the United States of Indonesia, which retained the support of the Netherlands and various minority elements. Westerling's forces succeeded in capturing Bandung in the early hours of 23 January 1950.

Bandung, Indonesia · Jakarta, Indonesia

Chinese prisoners from the Korean War begin arriving in Taiwan

On January 23, 1954, Chinese prisoners of war who had declined repatriation to the People’s Republic of China began arriving in Taiwan. January 23 was subsequently commemorated there as World Freedom Day.

Taiwan

1958 Venezuelan coup d'état

The 1958 Venezuelan coup d'état took place on 23 January 1958, when the dictator Marcos Pérez Jiménez was overthrown. A transition government under first Adm. Wolfgang Larrazábal and then Edgar Sanabria was put in place until December 1958 elections saw Democratic Action candidate Rómulo Betancourt elected and take office on 13 February 1959. One of Caracas' neighbourhoods, Barrio 23 de Enero (23 January neighbourhood), is named for the event.

Venezuela

1962 Israel Super Cup

The 1962 Israel Super Cup was the 2nd Israel Super Cup, an annual Israeli football match played between the winners of the previous season's Top Division and Israel State Cup. As the match was not set by the Israel Football Association, it was considered an unofficial cup, with the cup being donated by Ilanshil-Polio, an Israeli organization dedicated to aid Poliomyelitis victims, with proceedings going towards the organization. The match, held on 23 January 1963, ended in a 2–2 draw and the cup was shared by the teams.

Tel Aviv, Israel

Guinea-Bissau War of Independence

The Guinea-Bissau War of Independence (Portuguese: Guerra de Independência da Guiné-Bissau), also known as the Bissau-Guinean War of Independence, was an armed independence conflict that took place in Portuguese Guinea from 1963 to 1974. It was fought between Portugal and the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde, PAIGC), an armed independence movement backed by the Soviet Union, China, Cuba, Algeria and Guinea.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Guinea-Bissau

The 24th Amendment to the United States Constitution, prohibiting the use of poll taxes in national elections, is ratified

The Twenty-fourth Amendment (Amendment XXIV) of the United States Constitution prohibits both Congress and the states from requiring the payment of a poll tax or any other tax to vote in federal elections. The amendment was proposed by Congress to the states on August 27, 1962, and was ratified by the states on January 23, 1964.

1972 Liechtenstein local elections

Local elections were held in Liechtenstein on 23 January 1972 to elect the municipal councils and the mayors of the eleven municipalities.

Liechtenstein

1973 Sikkimese general election

General elections were held in Sikkim in January 1973 to elect members of the State Council. The Sikkim National Party emerged as the largest party, winning nine of the 18 elected seats.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

World Airways Flight 30

World Airways Flight 30 was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30CF airliner which suffered a fatal accident upon landing at Logan International Airport in Boston, skidding into Boston Harbor, on January 23, 1982. Two of the passengers were never found, and are presumed to have drowned.

Massachusetts, United States

Belfast East by-election, 1986

The 1986 Belfast East by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

United Kingdom

Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election, 1986

The 1986 Fermanagh and South Tyrone by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

United Kingdom

Mid Ulster by-election, 1986

The 1986 Mid Ulster by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

United Kingdom

Newry and Armagh by-election, 1986

The 1986 by-election in Newry and Armagh was caused by the resignation of incumbent Member of Parliament Jim Nicholson. Nicholson, along with all sitting Unionist MPs, resigned their Westminster seats in December 1985, to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement and to use the resultant by-elections to campaign on the issue. The poll was held on 23 January 1986, and was unusual for a by-election in the turnout being higher than for the preceding General Election, however Nicholson was not re-elected, losing his seat to the nationalist SDLP candidate Seamus Mallon. Nicholson also failed to recapture the seat at the following general election.

United Kingdom

Upper Bann by-election, 1986

The 1986 Upper Bann by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

United Kingdom

1986 Northern Ireland by-elections

The 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections were fifteen by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement, signed the month before.

1986 South Down by-election

The South Down by-election of 1986 was part of a co-ordinated series of by-elections aimed to show opposition to the Anglo Irish agreement. It resulted in the narrow victory of the incumbent Ulster Unionist Party, Enoch Powell, who increased his majority by 1,294 votes despite rising support for Irish Nationalist candidates. His opponent Eddie McGrady would later take the seat in the 1987 general election.

United Kingdom

ECW Battle of the Belts

Battle of the Belts was an interpromotional professional wrestling live event produced by National Wrestling Alliance member Eastern Championship Wrestling (ECW) and the World Wrestling Association (WWA) on January 23, 1993. The event was held at the Radisson Hotel in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The show saw ECW President Tod Gordon pitted against WWA President Dennis Coralluzzo including, most notably, during the Champion vs. Champion matches.

Philadelphia, United States

First Attack on Prekaz

The First Attack on Prekaz occurred on 22 and 23 January 1998 during the Insurgency in Kosovo when the Yugoslav Army and Serbian police attacked the Jashari compound in Donji Prekaz, Kosovo. The goal of the attack was to arrest one of the founders of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), Adem Jashari after he was charged with terrorism in absentia along with several other individuals in a trial that was criticized for not conforming to international standards.

Kosovo

Royal Rumble (2000)

Royal Rumble (2000) was the thirteenth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on January 23, 2000, at Madison Square Garden in New York, New York. The main event was the Royal Rumble match, which The Rock won by last eliminating The Big Show to win the match. The undercard included a street fight match between Triple H and Cactus Jack for the WWF Championship, a Triple Threat match for the WWF Intercontinental Championship, and the New Age Outlaws defending their WWF Tag Team Championship against The Acolytes.

New York, United States · New York City, United States

Pancrase: Trans 1

On January 23, 2000, Pancrase held Trans 1, a mixed martial arts event, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.

Japan

Ernie Eves announces plans to leave the Ontario PC leadership

On January 23, 2004, Ernie Eves announced his intention to step down as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, Canada, before the autumn. This was his announcement, not the subsequent leadership election.

Canada

Accession of Viktor Yushchenko

Viktor Andriiovych Yushchenko (Ukrainian: Віктор Андрійович Ющенко, IPA: [ˈwiktor ɐnˈd⁽ʲ⁾r⁽ʲ⁾ijowɪtʃ ˈjuʃtʃenko] ; born 23 February 1954) is a Ukrainian politician who was the third president of Ukraine from 23 January 2005 to 25 February 2010. He aimed to orient Ukraine towards the West, European Union, the G7 (then G8), and NATO. Yushchenko's first career was in the banking industry.

Canadian federal election, 2006

The 2006 Canadian federal election (more formally, the 39th General Election) was held on January 23, 2006, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 39th Parliament of Canada. The Conservative Party of Canada won the greatest number of seats: 40.3% of seats, or 124 out of 308, up from 99 seats in 2004, and 36.3% of votes: up from 29.6% in the 2004 election. The election resulted in a minority government led by the Conservative Party with Stephen Harper becoming the 22nd Prime Minister of Canada. By proportion of seats, this was Canada's smallest minority government since Confederation.

Canada

UFC Fight Night: Swick vs. Burkman

UFC Fight Night: Swick vs. Burkman (also known as UFC Fight Night 12) was a mixed martial arts (MMA) event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) on January 23, 2008 at the Palms Casino Resort in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Las Vegas, United States

DGUSA Fearless 2010 recorded in Chicago

On January 23, 2010, Dragon Gate USA held Fearless 2010 at the Congress Theater in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The professional wrestling event was broadcast on March 5, 2010.

United States of America

Central African general election, 2011

General elections were held in the Central African Republic on 23 January 2011 to elect the President and National Assembly, having been postponed numerous times. Incumbent President François Bozizé was re-elected for a second term in the first round of voting, receiving 66% of the vote. The organization of the elections was plagued by difficulties, and the opposition repeatedly demanded its postponement. Ultimately it was delayed until January 2011, requiring an extension of the terms of both the President and the National Assembly. The second round of the parliamentary elections was held on 27 March 2011, after being postponed from 20 March.

Central African Republic

Portuguese presidential election, 2011

The 2011 Portuguese presidential election was held on 23 January 2011. This election resulted in the re-election of Aníbal Cavaco Silva to a second term as President of Portugal. Turnout in this election was very low, where only 46.52% of the electorate cast their ballots. Cavaco Silva won by a landslide winning all 18 districts, both Autonomous regions of Azores and Madeira and 292 municipalities of a total of 308.

Portugal

Jordanian general election, 2013

Early general elections were held in Jordan on 23 January 2013. Voter turnout was reported to be 56.6%.

Jordan

Battle of Kondaoui

On 22 January 2014, a strong French column of more than a hundred soldiers transported by armored vehicles left the city of Timbuktu and turned towards the northwest, then east after traveling fifty kilometers. On the night of January 22/23, the French attacked a group of jihadists in the desert about 130 kilometers north of Timbuktu.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Mali

Salman succeeds Abdullah as king of Saudi Arabia

On 23 January 2015, Salman became king of Saudi Arabia after his half-brother Abdullah died. Salman appointed his younger half-brother Muqrin as crown prince.

Saudi Arabia

World Series of Fighting 27: Firmino vs. Fodor

World Series of Fighting 27: Future Champs was a mixed martial arts event held January 23, 2016 in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. This event aired on NBCSN in the U.S and on Fight Network in Canada.

United States

2016 Green Party (Czech Republic) leadership election

The Green Party (SZ) leadership election of 2016 was held on 23 January 2016. Matěj Stropnický was elected new leader of the party. 222 delegates were allowed to vote.

Czechia

ONE Championship: Dynasty of Champions (Changsha)

On January 23, 2016, ONE Championship held Dynasty of Champions at SWC Stadium in Changsha, China.

People's Republic of China

2016 Democratic Left Alliance leadership election

The 2016 Democratic Left Alliance leadership election was held in January 2016 to elect the leader of the Democratic Left Alliance. Włodzimierz Czarzasty was elected as the new leader of the party, defeating Jerzy Wenderlich by a margin of 17%. Following the election, the party began a process of transformation into the New Left party together with Robert Biedroń's Spring.

This entry records the second round, as dated in the source infobox.

2017 Tobago House of Assembly election

House of Assembly elections were held in Tobago on 23 January 2017. The result was a victory for the People's National Movement, which won ten of the twelve seats in the Tobago House of Assembly.

Trinidad and Tobago

2018 Gulf of Alaska earthquake

On January 23, 2018, at 00:31 AKST, an earthquake occurred in the Gulf of Alaska near Kodiak Island. The earthquake, measured at 7.9 on the Mw scale, was approximately 280 kilometers (170 mi) southeast of Kodiak and happened at a depth of 25 kilometers (16 mi). It was initially measured as a M 8.2 event, but later downgraded by the United States Geological Survey.

2020 Nepalese National Assembly election

National Assembly elections were held in Nepal on 23 January 2020 across all seven provinces to elect the 18 of the 19 retiring members of the National Assembly. According to Article 86 of the Constitution of Nepal 2015, one third of the members of the National Assembly are elected every two years through an electoral college.

Nepal

2020 Sangareddy Municipal Council election

The 2020 Sangareddy Municipal Council election was held to elect all 38 members of the Sangareddy Municipal Council. The election was held on 23 January 2020, and the results were released on 25 January 2020. The elections were a part of the 2020 Telangana municipal elections.

2020 Supercopa Peruana

The 2020 Supercopa Peruana was the 1st edition of the Supercopa Peruana, an annual football super cup contested by the winners of the previous season's Liga 1 and Copa Bicentenario competitions. The match was played between the 2019 Copa Bicentenario champion, Atlético Grau, and the winners of the 2019 Liga 1, Binacional.

Peru

2021 Rockhampton mayoral by-election

The 2021 Rockhampton mayoral by-election was held on 23 January 2021 to elect the mayor of the Rockhampton Region in Queensland, Australia. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of long-serving mayor Margaret Strelow, who resigned on 9 November 2020 after the Councillor Conduct Tribunal found that she had engaged in misconduct.

Australia

2020 Copa Sudamericana final

The 2020 Copa Sudamericana final was the final match which decided the winner of the 2020 Copa Sudamericana, the 19th edition of the Copa Sudamericana, South America's secondary international club football tournament organized by CONMEBOL. The match was played on 23 January 2021 at the Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes in Córdoba, Argentina, between Argentine teams Lanús and Defensa y Justicia.

Argentina

2021 Taça da Liga final

The 2021 Taça da Liga final was the final match of the 2020–21 Taça da Liga, the fourteenth season of the Taça da Liga. It was played on 23 January 2021 at Estádio Dr. Magalhães Pessoa. The competition was contested exclusively by clubs competing in the two professional divisions of Portuguese football – the top-tier Primeira Liga and the second-tier Liga Portugal 2.

Wu Lin Feng 2021 Global Kung Fu Festival

On January 23, 2021, the Wu Lin Feng 2021 Global Kung Fu Festival kickboxing event took place in Macau.

Macau

2020 Kosovar Supercup

The 2020 Kosovar Supercup was the 29th edition of the Kosovar Supercup, an annual football match played between the winners of the previous season's Kosovo Superleague and Kosovar Cup competitions. The match was played between Drita, champions of the 2019–20 Kosovo Superleague and Prishtina, who beat their opponents to win the 2019–20 Kosovar Cup Final. Prishtina won the match 3–1 and claimed their 10th Supercup title.

Turkey

2022 Supercopa de Chile

The 2022 Supercopa de Chile (known as the Supercopa Easy 2022 for sponsorship purposes) was the tenth edition of the Supercopa de Chile, championship organised by the Asociación Nacional de Fútbol Profesional (ANFP). The match was played by the 2021 Chilean Primera División champions Universidad Católica and the 2021 Copa Chile champions Colo-Colo on 23 January 2022 at Estadio Ester Roa in Concepción.

Chile

RISE 154

On January 23, 2022, RISE held RISE 154, a kickboxing event, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.

Japan

Mutiny and gunfire in Ouagadougou

On 23 January 2022, gunfire was heard near the president’s residence during a military mutiny in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The declaration that President Roch Marc Christian Kaboré had been deposed followed on January 24.

Burkina Faso

WWE Raw is XXX

Raw is XXX (pronounced "Raw is Thirty") was a professional wrestling television special of WWE's weekly television series, Monday Night Raw. The special episode was held on January 23, 2023, at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and was broadcast live on the USA Network. It was a commemoration of the 30th anniversary of the program's debut in January 1993 as well as the final Raw before the 2023 Royal Rumble event.

Pennsylvania, United States · Philadelphia, United States

2024 New Hampshire Democratic presidential primary

The 2024 New Hampshire Democratic presidential primary was held on January 23, 2024, as a state-run contest during the Democratic Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. The state party followed up with a formal party-run contest on April 27 to comply with DNC rules.

New Hampshire, United States

2024 New Hampshire Republican presidential primary

The 2024 New Hampshire Republican presidential primary was held on January 23, 2024, as part of the Republican Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election. 22 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention were allocated on a proportional basis, as long as the candidate received at least 10% of the statewide vote. Any leftover delegates were to be added to the candidate that receives the most votes in the primary.

New Hampshire, United States

Northwestern Air Flight 738

On 23 January 2024, Northwestern Air Flight 738, a British Aerospace Jetstream, was chartered by the Rio Tinto Group to carry mine workers from Fort Smith to the Diavik Diamond Mine, located around 300 km (190 mi) northeast of Yellowknife. The aircraft crashed shortly after takeoff, 1,200 m (3,900 ft) from the runway near Fort Smith Airport, killing six of the seven passengers and crew.

2024 Intan Jaya skirmishes

The 2024 Intan Jaya skirmishes were fought between the Indonesian army and police periodically in various locations in Intan Jaya Regency, Central Papua from 19 January through 23 January 2024.

2023–24 Pueblo mayoral election

The 2023–24 Pueblo mayoral election was held on November 7, 2023, to elect the mayor of Pueblo, Colorado. Incumbent Democratic mayor Nick Gradisar ran for re-election to a second term in office. Since there was no candidate that received a majority of votes in the initial round of the election, a runoff election was held on January 23, 2024.

This entry records the runoff, as dated in the source infobox.

2025 Roorkee Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Roorkee Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Roorkee Municipal Corporation which governs Roorkee city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India

2025 Uttarakhand local elections

The 2025 Uttarakhand Municipal general elections were held on 23 January 2025 to elect members of 100 municipalities in the state. Elections were conducted in all of the 11 municipal corporations, 43 municipal councils, and 47 nagar panchayats and the results were declared on 25 January 2025. The elections were postponed for municipal council of Narendranagar and notified area council of Pati and Garhinegi.

India

2025 Rudrapur Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Rudrapur Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Rudrapur Municipal Corporation which governs Rudrapur city. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India

2025 Srinagar, Uttarakhand Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Srinagar Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Srinagar Municipal Corporation which governs Srinagar town in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India

2025 Kotdwar Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Kotdwar Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Kotdwar Municipal Corporation which governs Kotdwar city. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India

2025 Kashipur Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Kashipur Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Kashipur Municipal Corporation which governs Kashipur city. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India

2025 Haridwar Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Haridwar Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Haridwar Municipal Corporation which governs Haridwar city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India

2025 Haldwani Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Haldwani Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Haldwani Municipal Corporation which governs Haldwani city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India

2025 Pithoragarh Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Pithoragarh Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Pithoragarh Municipal Corporation which governs Pithoragarh City, the largest hill city in Uttarakhand. It was held on 23 January 2025. It was won by Kapana Devlal of BJP who defeated Congress rebel and Congress MLA Mayukh Mahar backed candidate Monika Mahar by just 17 votes in a very close election.

India

2025 Almora Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Almora Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Almora Municipal Corporation which governs Almora city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India

2025 Rishikesh Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Rishikesh Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Rishikesh Municipal Corporation which governs Rishikesh city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025.

India

2025 Dehradun Municipal Corporation election

The 2025 Dehradun Municipal Corporation election was a municipal election to the Dehradun Municipal Corporation which governs Dehradun City, the largest city in Uttarakhand. It took place on 23 January 2025. To the 100-ward body, 63 members from the Bharatiya Janata Party were elected, while 24 came from the Indian National Congress and remaining 13 being Independents.

India