10月17日发生过什么？

Empress Wu Zetian establishes the Zhou Dynasty of China

Empress Zetian (17 February 624 – 16 December 705), personal name Wu Zhao, was the only undisputed female sovereign in the history of China. She had previously held power as the empress consort of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang dynasty from 660 to 683 and as empress dowager during the reigns of her sons, Emperors Zhongzong and Ruizong, between 683 and 690.

Siege of Queli

The siege of Queli (Georgian: ყველისციხის ალყა) was the last major military engagement during the Sajid invasion of Georgia in 914. The 28-day-long siege resulted in pyrrhic Muslim victory and execution of the Georgian commander Gobron. Despite the important victory, the invaders were unable to maintain a strong foothold in western Georgia and were forced to withdraw.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Turkey

Battle of Chelif River (1015)

The Battle of Chelif River was fought on 17 October 1015 between the Zirid army of Badis ibn Mansur, the Emir of ifriqiya, and the Hammadid army under the Hammadid Emir Hammad ibn Buluggin and his brother Ibrahim. This battle was part of the Zirid-Hammadid war which resulted in the splitting of the previous Zirid domains into two independent emirates.

London tornado of 1091

The London Tornado of 1091 is the earliest reported tornado in England, occurring in London on Friday, 17 October 1091. It has been estimated by modern assessment as possibly a T8 on the TORRO scale (roughly equivalent to an F4 on the Fujita scale), making it one of the strongest recorded tornadoes in the British Isles, alongside the 1666 Lincolnshire tornado, although this estimate is based on reports written 30 years later.

England, United Kingdom

Battle of Fornham

The Battle of Fornham was a battle fought during the Revolt of 1173–74. The Revolt began in April 1173 and resulted from the efforts of King Henry II of England to find lands for his youngest son, Prince John. John's other three legitimate brothers – Henry, Richard, and Geoffrey – objected and fled to the court of King Louis VII of France, where they raised a rebellion. The rebelling sons and the French king secured a number of allies and invaded Normandy, while the Scottish king invaded England. These invasions failed and although negotiations between the rebels and the English king were started, they resulted in no peace.

Fornham All Saints, United Kingdom · Fornham St Genevieve, United Kingdom · Fornham St Martin, United Kingdom

Battle of Neville's Cross

The Battle of Neville's Cross took place during the Second War of Scottish Independence on 17 October 1346, half a mile (800 m) to the west of Durham, England. An invading Scottish army of 12,000 led by King David II was defeated with heavy loss by an English army of approximately 6,000–7,000 men led by Ralph Neville, Lord Neville.

Battle of Kosovo (1448)

The Second Battle of Kosovo (Hungarian: második rigómezei csata, Turkish: İkinci Kosova Muharebesi) was a land battle between a Hungarian-led Crusader army and the Ottoman Empire at Kosovo field (the Field of Blackbirds) that took place from 17–20 October 1448. It was the culmination of a Hungarian offensive to avenge the defeat at the Battle of Varna four years earlier. In the three-day battle the Ottoman army under the command of Sultan Murad II defeated the Crusader army of regent John Hunyadi. After the battle, the path was clear for the Turks to conquer Serbia and the other Balkan States; it also ended any hopes of saving Constantinople.

Kosovo

The University of Greifswald is founded

On October 17, 1456, the University of Greifswald was founded in Greifswald, in what is now Germany.

Germany

Siege of Amasra

The siege of Amasra was the land and sea besiegement that resulted in the Ottoman Army, under the command of Fatih Sultan Mehmed, and the Ottoman Navy, under the command of Grand Vizier Veli Mahmud Pasha, capturing the Genoese colony of Amasra, and annexing it into Ottoman lands in 1460.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Turkey

Siege of Tre Kronor

The siege of Tre Kronor (Swedish: Belägring av Tre Kroner, Danish: Belejringen af Tre Kroner), or the siege of the Royal Castle in Stockholm, was a siege of the Tre Kronor Castle in Stockholm lasting from 17 October 1501 to 9 May 1502 between the Kalmar Union and Sten Sture the Elder's Swedish rebellion.

Siege of Eger (1552)

The siege of Eger (Hungarian: Eger ostroma) occurred during the 16th century Ottoman wars in Europe. In 1552, the forces of the Ottoman Empire led by Kara Ahmed Pasha laid siege to the Castle of Eger, located in the northern part of the Kingdom of Hungary, but the defenders led by István Dobó repelled the attacks and defended the castle, despite being outnumbered approximately 17 to 1.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Louis XIII is crowned at Reims Cathedral

On October 17, 1610, Louis XIII was crowned king of France at Reims Cathedral.

France

Siege of Rheinfelden (1633)

The siege of Rheinfelden of 1633 or the Spanish recapture of Rheinfelden (Spanish: La Expugnación de Rheinfelden) took place in late October 1633, during the Thirty Years' War. The Spanish Army of Alsace (20,000 troops) led by the Duke of Feria, Governor of the Duchy of Milan, recaptured the Habsburgian city of Rheinfelden after relieving Konstanz, Breisach and Bregenz.

Switzerland

Battle of Vlotho

The Battle of Vlotho was fought on 17 October 1638, it was a victory for the Imperial Army under the command of Field Marshal Melchior von Hatzfeldt, and ended the attempt by Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine, to recapture the Palatinate. Charles Louis' defeat marked the last time either Palatine or English forces played a significant role in the Thirty Years' War.

North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Battle of Kings Norton

The battle of Kings Norton was fought on 17 October 1642. The Parliamentarians won the skirmish, which developed out of a chance encounter between Royalists under the command of Prince Rupert and Parliamentarians under the command of Lord Willoughby of Parham. Both forces had been on their way to join their respective armies which were destined to meet at Edgehill in the first pitched battle of the English Civil War, and after the skirmish both proceeded to join their respective armies.

Kings Norton, United Kingdom

A series of executions of the commissioners who signed the death warrant of King Charles I of England concluded; six were hanged, drawn and quartered for treason

The Regicides of Charles I were the men responsible for the execution of Charles I on 30 January 1649. The term generally refers to the fifty-nine commissioners who signed the execution warrant. This followed his conviction for treason by the High Court of Justice. After the 1660 Stuart Restoration, the fifty-nine signatories were among a total of 104 individuals accused of direct involvement in the sentencing and execution.

Battle of Pälkäne

The Battle of Pälkäne, sometimes called the Battle at Kostianvirta or Battle on the Pialkiane River (Russian: Битва на реке Пялькяне) was fought between the Russian army under Admiral Fyodor Apraksin and the defending Finnish army of the Swedish Empire under General Carl Gustaf Armfeldt on 17 October 1713, as part of the Great Northern War.

Battle of Pipli Sahib

The Battle of Pipli Sahib, also known as Battle of Amritsar, was fought by the Sikh Misls and the Durrani Empire. Seeking to avenge past defeats, the Sikhs rallied and engaged in conflict with the Afghans. Gathering at Amritsar, Ahmad Shah led his army to meet the Sikhs. The battle began with a Sikh attack, ongoing with a solar eclipse.

Mozart’s Ascanio in Alba premieres in Milan

On October 17, 1771, Mozart’s opera Ascanio in Alba, with a libretto by Giuseppe Parini, premiered at the Teatro Regio Ducale in Milan.

Italy

John Burgoyne surrenders his army at Saratoga

On October 17, 1777, British general John Burgoyne surrendered his army to American general Horatio Gates at Saratoga, New York, ending the Saratoga campaign.

United States

Siege of Yorktown

The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown and the surrender at Yorktown, took place in 1781 and was the final major land engagement of the American Revolutionary War. It was won decisively by the Continental Army, led by George Washington, with support from the Marquis de Lafayette and French Army troops, led by Comte de Rochambeau, and a French Navy force commanded by the Comte de Grasse, defeating the British Army commanded by British Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis.

American Revolutionary War: British General Charles, Earl Cornwallis surrenders at the Siege of Yorktown.

Second Battle of Cholet

The Second Battle of Cholet was fought on 17 October 1793 during the French Revolutionary Wars, between French Republican forces under generals Jean Léchelle (de jure) and Jean-Baptiste Kléber (de facto) and French Royalist Forces under Maurice d'Elbée. The battle was fought in the town of Cholet in the Maine-et-Loire department of France, and resulted in a Republican victory.

Maine-et-Loire, France

Battle of Hightower

The Battle of Hightower (also called Battle of Etowah Cliffs) in 1793 was part of the Cherokee–American wars, in which the Cherokee sought to defend tribal territory from increasing settlement by the citizens of the new United States. This particular battle took place at the Cherokee village of High Town (Itawayi), overlooking downtown Rome in present-day Floyd County, Georgia, resulting in the defeat of the Cherokee by a force led by John Sevier, future Governor of Tennessee.

Battle of Orbaizeta

The Battle of Orbaizeta was fought from 15 to 17 October 1794 during the War of the Pyrenees, between the French Army of the western Pyrenees led by Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey and Spanish forces under the command of Pedro Téllez-Girón, 9th Duke of Osuna. Part of the wider French Revolutionary Wars, this engagement was fought over a wide area to the northwest and northeast of Pamplona in Navarre and ended in a French victory.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Spain

Treaty of Campo Formio

The Treaty of Campo Formio (today Campoformido) was signed on 17 October 1797 (26 Vendémiaire VI) by Napoleon Bonaparte and Count Philipp von Cobenzl as representatives of the French Republic and the Austrian monarchy, respectively. The treaty followed the armistice of Leoben (18 April 1797), which had been forced on the Habsburgs by Napoleon's victorious campaign in Italy.

War of the First Coalition

The War of the First Coalition (French: Guerre de la première coalition) was a set of wars between a coalition of several European powers and France fought from 1792 to 1797. The coalition was only loosely allied and fought without much coordination; each power wanted to annex a different part of France should they defeat the French, something that never occurred.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

France · Italy · Spain

Action of 16 October 1799

The action of 16 October 1799 was a minor naval engagement during the War of the Second Coalition between a squadron of Royal Navy frigates and two frigates of the Spanish Navy close to the naval port of Vigo in Galicia. Both Spanish ships were a treasure convoy, carrying silver specie and luxury trade goods across the Atlantic Ocean from Spanish America to Spain.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Halle

In the Battle of Halle on 17 October 1806 a French corps led by Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte fought the Prussian Reserve under Eugene Frederick Henry, Duke of Württemberg. The French defeated their opponents, forcing the Prussians to retreat northeast toward Dessau after suffering heavy losses. The clash occurred in the War of the Fourth Coalition, part of the Napoleonic Wars. The city of Halle is located about 30 kilometers northwest of Leipzig on the Saale River. Emperor Napoleon I of France invaded the Electorate of Saxony and inflicted two disastrous defeats on the Prussian-Saxon armies on 14 October 1806.

Germany

Haitian emperor Jean-Jacques Dessalines is assassinated

On October 17, 1806, Haiti’s emperor Jean-Jacques Dessalines was assassinated at Pont-Rouge near Port-au-Prince.

Haiti

The silver deposits of Agua Amarga are discovered in Chile becoming in the following years instrumental for the Patriots to finance the Chilean War of Independence

Agua Amarga (lit. Bitter Water) is a silver deposit and defunct mining district in Chile's Atacama Region. It is located 30 km south of Vallenar. Agua Amarga was discovered in 1811 and its silver was instrumental to finance the Chilean War of Independence. An enquiry by Ignacy Domeyko tells of 150 individual mines active in Agua Amarga in 1822.

Battle of El Roble

The Battle of El Roble was fought on the Itata river, 17 October 1813, between the Chilean patriot general José Miguel Carrera and Spanish royalist forces under the command of Clemente Lantaño and Luis Urrejola. The surprise patriot victory at El Roble as a result of Bernardo O'Higgins' actions at the end of the day was to result in a change of patriot commander, and a severe split within the patriot movement.

London Beer Flood

The London Beer Flood was an accident at Meux & Co's Horse Shoe Brewery, London, on 17 October 1814. It took place when one of the 22-foot-tall (6.7 m) wooden vats of fermenting porter burst. The escaping liquid dislodged the valve of another vessel and destroyed several large barrels: between 128,000 and 323,000 imperial gallons (580,000–1,470,000 L; 154,000–388,000 US gal) of beer were released in total.

London, United Kingdom

Belzoni’s team discovers the entrance to Seti I’s tomb

On October 17, 1817, Giovanni Belzoni’s team identified the entrance to the tomb of Seti I in Egypt’s Valley of the Kings. Excavation reached the entrance the following day.

Belzoni’s account distinguishes excavation resuming on October 16, recognition of the cut entrance on October 17, and reaching it on October 18.

Egypt

1826 Portuguese legislative election

Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 8 and 17 October 1826.

Portugal

Battle of Letenye

The Battle of Letenye took place during the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848-1849 on 17 October 1848 between the Hungarian Revolutionary Army under the command of General Mór Perczel and the Croatian troops under Colonel Lazar Mamula defending the Muraköz/Međimurje region. Perczel, the leader of the Hungarian brigade which attacked Muraköz, split his troops in two, and his detachment defeated the Croatian troops defending the line of the Mura River.

Battle of Kotor

The Battle of Kotor took place during the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848-1849 on 17 October 1848 between the Hungarian Revolutionary Army under the command of Major András Gáspár and the Croatian troops under Colonel Captain Georg Bornemissza, defending the Muraköz/Međimurje region.

Massacre of Aleppo (1850)

The Massacre of Aleppo (Arabic: قومة حلب, romanized: Qawmat Ḥalab), often referred to simply as The Events (al-hawādith), was a riot perpetrated by Muslim residents of Aleppo, largely from the eastern quarters of the city, against Christian residents, largely located in the northern suburbs of Judayde (Jdeideh) and Salibeh. The riot began on the evening of October 17, 1850, and ended two days later on October 19, 1850.

Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855)

The Siege of Sevastopol (at the time called in English the Siege of Sebastopol) lasted from October 1854 until September 1855, during the Crimean War. The allies (French, Sardinian, Ottoman, and British) landed at Eupatoria on 14 September 1854, intending to make a triumphal march to Sevastopol, the capital of the Crimea, with 50,000 men.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Russia

Battle of Kinburn (1855)

The Battle of Kinburn was a combined land-naval engagement during the final stage of the Crimean War. It took place on the tip of the Kinburn Peninsula (on the south shore of the Dnieper River estuary in what is now Ukraine) on 17 October 1855. During the battle, a combined fleet of vessels from the French Navy and the British Royal Navy bombarded Russian coastal fortifications after it had been besieged by an Anglo-French ground force. Three French ironclad batteries bore the brunt of the attack, which saw the main Russian fortress destroyed in an action that lasted about three hours.

Ukraine

Pettorano massacre

The Pettorano massacre (Italian: Strage di Pettorano, Italian pronunciation: [ˈstraːdʒe di pettoˈraːno]) unfolded on 17 October 1860, during the period of the Italian Risorgimento. This event constituted an armed clash between the forces of Giuseppe Garibaldi and those loyal to the Bourbon dynasty, occurring within the broader context of the campaign against the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

The first Open Championship is played at Prestwick

On October 17, 1860, the first Open Championship was played at Prestwick Golf Club in Scotland. Willie Park Sr. won the golf tournament.

United Kingdom

Cullin-la-ringo massacre

The Cullin-la-ringo massacre, also known as the Wills tragedy, was a massacre of European settlers by Indigenous Australians that occurred on 17 October 1861, north of modern-day Springsure in Central Queensland, Australia. Nineteen men, women and children were killed in the attack, including Horatio Wills, the owner of Cullin-la-ringo station. It is the single largest massacre of European settlers by Aboriginal people in Australian history. In the weeks afterwards, police, native police and civilian posses carried out "one of the most lethal punitive expeditions in frontier history", hunting down and killing up to 370 members of the Gayiri Aboriginal people implicated in the massacre.

Australia

Thousand Days' War

The Thousand Days' War (Spanish: Guerra de los Mil Días) was a civil war fought in Colombia from 17 October 1899 to 21 November 1902, at first between the Liberal Party and the government led by the National Party, and later – after the Conservative Party had ousted the National Party – between the liberals and the conservative government.

Colombia

Battle of Shaho

The Battle of Shaho (Japanese: 沙河会戦 (Saka no kaisen), Russian: Сражение на реке Шахе) was the second large-scale land battle of the Russo-Japanese War fought along a 37-mile (60 km) front centered at the Shaho River along the Mukden–Port Arthur spur of the China Far East Railway north of Liaoyang, Manchuria.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

1909 Svenska Mästerskapet final

The 1909 Svenska Mästerskapet final was played on 17 October 1909 between the eleventh-time finalists Örgryte IS and the third-time finalists Djurgårdens IF. The match decided the winner of 1909 Svenska Mästerskapet, the football cup to determine the Swedish champions. Örgryte IS won their tenth title with a 8–2 victory at Walhalla IP in Gothenburg.

1909 Copa de Honor Cousenier

The 1909 Copa de Honor Cousenier was the final match to decide the winner of the Copa de Honor Cousenier, the 5th. edition of the international competition organised by the Argentine and Uruguayan Associations together. The final was contested by Uruguayan side CURCC and Argentine club San Isidro. The match was held in the Estadio Gran Parque Central in Montevideo, on October 17, 1909.

Uruguay

Battle off Texel

The Battle off Texel, also known as the Action off Texel or the Action of 17 October 1914, was a naval battle off the coast of the Dutch island of Texel during the First World War. A British squadron consisting of one light cruiser and four destroyers on a routine patrol, encountered the remnants of the German 7th Half Flotilla of torpedo boats, which was en route to the British coast, to lay mines. The British forces attacked and sank the German flotilla of four torpedo boats. Outgunned, the German force attempted to flee and then fought a desperate and ineffective action against the British force.

Texel, Netherlands

1915 Svenska Mästerskapet final

The 1915 Svenska Mästerskapet Final was played on 17 October 1915 between the seventh-time finalists Djurgårdens IF and the fourteenth-time finalists Örgryte IS. The match decided the winner of 1915 Svenska Mästerskapet, the football cup to determine the Swedish champions. Djurgårdens IF won their second title with a 4–1 victory at Stockholm Olympic Stadium in Stockholm.

Action off Lerwick

The action off Lerwick (, "Lerrick") was a naval engagement on 17 October 1917 fought in the North Sea during the First World War. The German light, minelaying cruisers SMS Brummer and Bremse attacked a westbound convoy of twelve colliers and other merchant ships and their escorts, part of the regular Scandinavian convoy. The two escorting destroyers and nine neutral Scandinavian ships were sunk off Shetland, Scotland.

Leeds United is formed

On October 17, 1919, supporters formed Leeds United after Leeds City was disbanded.

United Kingdom

Austrian legislative election, 1920

Parliamentary elections were held in Austria on 17 October 1920, although they were not held in Carinthia until 19 June 1921 and in Burgenland until 18 June 1922. The result was a victory for the Christian Social Party, which won 85 of the 183 seats. Voter turnout was 80.3%.

Austria

Establishment of Taiwanese Cultural Association

The Taiwanese Cultural Association (TCA; Chinese: 台灣文化協會; Tongyong Pinyin: Tâi-uân bûn-huà hia̍p-huē) was an important organization during the Japanese rule of Taiwan. It was founded by Chiang Wei-shui on 17 October 1921, in Daitōtei, a district in modern-day Taipei. It gathered Taiwanese intellectuals and aimed to deliver progressive ideas and values. It also functioned as a political group advocating for Taiwanese collective consciousness and thought.

1926 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final (replay)

The 1926 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final was the 39th All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1926 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.

This entry records the replay date, as explicitly given in the source infobox.

Norwegian parliamentary election, 1927

Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 17 October 1927. The result was a victory for the Labour Party, which won 59 of the 150 seats in the Storting.

Norway

1937 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final (replay)

The 1937 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final was the fiftieth All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1937 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.

This entry records the replay date, as explicitly given in the source infobox.

Battle of Dolnij Poloj

The Battle of Dolnij Poloj, more commonly known as the Charge of Poloj (in Italian: Carica di Poloj) is a war episode that took place during World War II in the Yugoslav Front on October 17, 1942, which went down in history as the last charge carried out by regular Italian military troops. It takes its name from a locality in Croatia, Gornji Poloj, now a settlement in the municipality of Slunj.

Slunj, Croatia

Operation Robinson

The RAF bombing raid against the Schneider Works at Le Creusot, known as Operation Robinson, was undertaken during the daylight hours of 17 October 1942. The mission was assigned to No. 5 Group, which had converted to the new Avro Lancaster. The Lancaster's large lift capacity and high speed gave reason for optimism that the raid might succeed.

France

1943 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship final

The 1943 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship Final was the twelfth All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1943 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship, an inter-county camogie tournament for the top teams in Ireland. Dublin dominated the game and won with 8 goals, including three by Doreen Rogers and two by E. Mulcahy.

Ireland

Berwick-upon-Tweed by-election, 1944

The Berwick-upon-Tweed by-election, 1944 was a parliamentary by-election held on 17 October 1944 for the British House of Commons constituency of Berwick-upon-Tweed.

United Kingdom

Battle of Sariwon

The Battle of Sariwon took place on 17 October 1950 during the United Nations (UN) counter-offensive against the North Korean forces which had invaded South Korea. With many North Korean units falling back under pressure from UN forces the 27th British Commonwealth Brigade under Brigadier Basil Coad—–comprising the 1st Battalion, the Argyll and Sutherland Highland Regiment, the 1st Battalion, the Middlesex Regiment and 3rd Battalion, the Royal Australian Regiment—–captured the town of Sariwon during a confused and largely one-sided action. Elements of the 7th US Cavalry Regiment were also involved.

Sariwon, North Korea

17 October affair

The 17 October affair (Indonesian: Peristiwa 17 Oktober, lit. '17 October event') was an event during which Indonesian soldiers pressured the president to disband the Provisional People's Representative Council, at the behest of the administration's chief of staff, along with the commander of the armed forces. The demand was made of President Sukarno while the Merdeka Palace was surrounded.

Indonesia

1954 East German general election

General elections were held in East Germany on 17 October 1954. It was the second election to the Volkskammer, which had 466 deputies; due to the four-power status of the city of Berlin, the 66 deputies from East Berlin were indirectly appointed by the East Berlin magistrate.

1958 Aeroflot Tu-104 Kanash crash

The 1958 Aeroflot Tu-104 Kanash crash occurred on 17 October 1958 when a Tupolev Tu-104A operated by Aeroflot flying an international route from Beijing to Moscow crashed in bad weather near the town of Kanash, Chuvashia, Soviet Union, four hundred miles east of Moscow, killing all 80 people on board. The flight was carrying high-level diplomatic delegations from numerous Soviet aligned countries such as China, East Germany, and Czechoslovakia.

The Chinese University of Hong Kong is inaugurated

On October 17, 1963, the Chinese University of Hong Kong was inaugurated at Hong Kong City Hall.

Hong Kong

23rd Street Fire

The 23rd Street Fire was an incident that took place in the Flatiron District neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, on October 17, 1966. A group of firefighters from the New York City Fire Department responding to a fire at 7 East 22nd Street entered a building at 6 East 23rd Street as part of an effort to fight the fire.

New York City, United States

Battle of Ong Thanh

The Battle of Ong Thanh was fought at the stream of that name on the morning of October 17, 1967, in Chơn Thành District, at the time part of the old Bình Dương Province, South Vietnam, today in Bình Phước Province. During the first few months of 1967, the Viet Cong absorbed heavy losses as a result of large-scale search and destroy missions conducted by the United States Army, and it prompted North Vietnamese leaders to review their war strategy in South Vietnam.

Chơn Thành, Vietnam

1967 Ontario general election

The 1967 Ontario general election was held on October 17, 1967, to elect the 117 members of the 28th Legislative Assembly of Ontario (Members of Provincial Parliament, or "MPPs") of the Province of Ontario, Canada. The Ontario Progressive Conservative Party, led by John Robarts, won an eighth consecutive term in office, and maintained its majority in the legislature despite losing eight seats from its result in the previous election.

Egyptian 25th Brigade ambush

Egyptian 25th Brigade ambush was a battle that occurred on October 17, 1973, the eleventh day of the Yom Kippur War, east of the Great Bitter Lake, in the Sinai Peninsula. The ambush was conducted by the Israel Defense Forces' 162nd Division, against the 25th Brigade of the Egyptian army. The Israelis' goal was the destruction of the brigade, which attempted to disrupt the Israeli crossing of the Suez Canal.

Egypt

1976 East German general election

General elections were held in East Germany on 17 October 1976. Out of 591 candidates of the single-list National Front for the 500-seat Volkskammer, 500 were elected from the highest number of votes received in each of the allocated lists, and 91 who lost their elections became substitute deputies.

Lufthansa Flight 181

Lufthansa Flight 181, a Boeing 737-200 jet airliner (reg. D-ABCE) named Landshut, was hijacked on 13 October 1977 by four militants of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine while en route from Palma de Mallorca, Spain, to Frankfurt am Main, West Germany. The hijacking aimed to secure the release of eleven notorious Red Army Faction leaders held in West German prisons and two Palestinians held in Turkey.

The hijacked Lufthansa Flight 181 lands in Mogadishu. The remaining hostages are later rescued.

Department of Education Organization Act

The Department of Education Organization Act is a United States federal law enacted in 1979, which created the Department of Education. The new department was split off from the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, which the Act also renamed the Department of Health and Human Services.

This entry records the signing, as dated in the source infobox.

Hong Kong introduces its linked exchange-rate system

On October 17, 1983, Hong Kong introduced its linked exchange-rate system, tying the Hong Kong dollar to the U.S. dollar.

Hong Kong

Battle of Burco-Duuray

The Burco-Duuray offensive (Somali: Gudogalkii Burco Duuray}) was a confrontation during the Somaliland War of Independence, fought on 17 October 1984 between the Somali National Movement and the Somali National Army near Burco-duuray in the Jarar Zone of Ethiopia. The SNM, led by Mohamed Hashi Lihle, launched an offensive with around 600 fighters against armed SNA garrison. In this offensive Hashi Lihle was killed in the action and the SNM were defeated.

Ethiopia

Operation Ashura (Iran)

Operation Ashura (Persian: عملیات عاشورا) is a military operation during Iran–Iraq War which was launched on 17 October 1984 by Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and Islamic Republic of Iran Army against the army of Iraq. The military code of this operation was "Ya Aba Abdullah Al-Hussein (A.S.)" [Persian: (یااباعبدالله‌الحسین(ع], and ultimately the operation led to the recapture of more than 50 square kilometers of occupied areas in Ilam province, Iran.

1985 United Nations Security Council election

The 1985 United Nations Security Council election was held on 17 October 1985 during the Fortieth session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The General Assembly elected Bulgaria, Congo, Ghana, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela, as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1986. 1985 marks the first election of Congo and the United Arab Emirates to the Council.

New York City, United States

Rangers F.C. 2–2 Celtic F.C. (1987)

On 17 October 1987, Rangers faced Celtic in a Scottish Premier Division fixture at Ibrox Stadium, during the 1987–88 season. The match finished 2–2, but is best remembered for the sending off of three players and the subsequent court case that took place as a result. An altercation after 17 minutes between Celtic's Frank McAvennie and Rangers goalkeeper Chris Woods resulted in both being red carded.

United Kingdom

Uganda Airlines Flight 775

Uganda Airlines Flight 775 was a Boeing 707, registration 5X-UBC, that crashed while attempting to land at Rome-Fiumicino Airport in Rome, Italy on 17 October 1988. Out of the 52 occupants onboard, 33 were killed.

Italy

1989 Loma Prieta earthquake

On October 17, 1989, at 5:04 p.m. PDT, the Loma Prieta earthquake occurred on the Central Coast of California. The shock was centered in The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park in Santa Cruz County, approximately 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Santa Cruz on a section of the San Andreas Fault System and was named for the nearby Loma Prieta Peak in the Santa Cruz Mountains.

1990 Croatia–United States football match

On 17 October 1990, Croatia hosted the United States in capital city of Zagreb to play their first international football match. The match was an unofficial exhibition game ("friendly") played in Maksimir Stadium, the largest football stadium in Croatia. The match is considered historically significant for the national team as it was held on the eve of the nation's independence from Yugoslavia.

Zagreb, Croatia

1990 Jersey general election

The 1990 Jersey general election was held in two rounds in 1990, with six of the twelve senatorial seats in the States Assembly elected on 17 October and all of the 28 deputy seats elected on 29 November. As in previous elections, all candidates ran as independents.

Jersey

Armenian presidential election, 1991

Presidential elections were held for the first time in Armenia on 17 October 1991. The result was a victory for Levon Ter-Petrossian, who won 83% of the vote. Turnout was 70%.

Armenia

1991 Rudrapur bombings

1991 Rudrapur bombings were bombings by the suspected terrorists in 1991 in Rudrapur town in Indian state of Uttarakhand. Two bombs were exploded on 17 October 1991. The first bomb exploded when people were watching Ramlila in the public ground. After 15 minutes the second bomb went off near the hospital where injured were being taken. The bombings killed more than 40 people and injuring 140 people.

India

1991 British Columbia general election

The 1991 British Columbia general election was the 35th provincial election in the Province of British Columbia, Canada. It was held to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. The election was called on September 19, 1991, and held on October 17, 1991. The New Democratic Party of Mike Harcourt defeated the incumbent Social Credit Party of British Columbia, which had been beset by scandals during Bill Vander Zalm's only term as premier.

1992 Ms. Olympia

The 1992 Ms. Olympia contest was an IFBB professional bodybuilding competition was held on October 17, 1992, at the Arie Crown Theater in Chicago, Illinois. It was the 13th Ms. Olympia competition held.

1993 NSL Cup final (October)

The 1993 NSL Cup final (October) was the final match of the 1993–94 NSL Cup, the 18th season of the National Soccer League Cup. It was played at Marconi Stadium in Sydney on 17 October 1993 between Parramatta Eagles and Sydney United. Parramatta Eagles won the match 2–0 for their second NSL Cup title.

Sydney, Australia

1993 Galician regional election

A regional election was held in Galicia on 17 October 1993 to elect the 4th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. The People's Party (PP) won with an increased absolute majority over 1989, resulting in Manuel Fraga being re-elected for a second term in office as President of Galicia.

Galicia (Spain), Spain

Journalist Dmitry Kholodov is killed by an explosive device

On October 17, 1994, Russian journalist Dmitry Kholodov was killed when he opened a booby-trapped briefcase in his newspaper’s Moscow office.

Russia

UFC 15

UFC 15: Collision Course was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on October 17, 1997, in Bay St. Louis, Mississippi. The event was seen live on pay-per-view in the United States, and later released on home video.

Mississippi, United States

No Mercy (1999)

No Mercy (1999) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) and presented by Eidos Interactive's Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver, which took place on October 17, 1999, at the Gund Arena in Cleveland, Ohio. Nine matches, including three championship matches, took place at the event. In the first, The Fabulous Moolah won the WWF Women's Championship from Ivory to become the oldest champion in professional wrestling history. In the second, Chyna defeated Jeff Jarrett to win the WWF Intercontinental Championship, becoming the first female Intercontinental Champion in WWF history.

Ohio, United States

1999 Catalan regional election

A regional election was held in Catalonia on 17 October 1999 to elect the 6th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 135 seats in the Parliament were up for election. Following the ruling Convergence and Union (CiU)'s loss of its absolute majority in the 1995 election, Catalan president Jordi Pujol was forced to form a minority government and seek support from other parties.

Hatfield rail crash

The Hatfield rail crash was a railway accident on 17 October 2000, at Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England. It was caused by a rolling contact fatigue-induced derailment, killing four people and injuring more than 70. The accident exposed major stewardship shortcomings of the privatised national railway infrastructure company Railtrack. Reports found there was a lack of communication and some staff were not aware of maintenance procedures. Railtrack subsequently went into administration and was replaced by Network Rail in 2002. The aftermath of the accident saw widespread speed limit reductions throughout the rail network and a tightening of health and safety procedures, the repercussions of which were still felt years later.

England, United Kingdom

Al Gore and George W. Bush hold their final presidential debate

On October 17, 2000, Al Gore and George W. Bush held their third and final presidential debate at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri.

United States

Assassination of Rehavam Ze'evi

Israel's tourism minister Rehavam Ze'evi was assassinated shortly before 7 am (GMT+2) on Wednesday, 17 October 2001 at the former Hyatt Regency Hotel in Jerusalem by a squad of Palestinians acting on behalf of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine militant organization. Ze'evi was the first Israeli minister to be assassinated since the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin and the most senior Israeli person to be killed by Palestinian militants during the entire Arab–Israeli conflict.

Jerusalem, Israel

WEC 8

WEC 8: Halloween Fury 2 was a mixed martial arts event promoted by World Extreme Cagefighting on October 17, 2003 at the Palace Indian Gaming Center in Lemoore, California. The main event saw Cole Escovedo defend the WEC Featherweight title against Anthony Hamlett.

California, United States

2003 Maldivian presidential election

Presidential elections were held in the Maldives on 17 October 2003. The election took the form of a referendum on a single candidate nominated by the People's Majlis. Incumbent President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom was nominated for a sixth term, and was approved by 90% of voters.

Parque Central Complex fire

The Parque Central Complex fire was a fire on 17 October 2004, that destroyed almost one-third of the East Tower of the Parque Central Urban Complex in Caracas, Venezuela. At least 20 floors were completely destroyed by the fire, although the building was able to withstand more than 15 hours of fire without collapsing due to its strong structure.

Venezuela

2004 Azorean regional election

The Azores Regional Election, 2004 (Portuguese: Eleições Regionais dos Açores, 2004) was an election held on 17 October 2004 to elect the 52 members of the regional legislative assembly for the Portuguese autonomous region of the Azores. The Socialist Party, under the leadership of Carlos César won 57 percent of the votes, and renewed their absolute majority, for the 2nd consecutive time.

2004 Madeiran regional election

A regional election was held in Madeira on 17 October 2004, to determine the composition of the Legislative Assembly of the Autonomous Region of Madeira. All 68 members of the regional parliament were up for an election, an increase of 6 compared with 2000. The winner of the election in Madeira was, once more, the Social Democratic Party, and Alberto João Jardim was elected president of the Regional Government with an absolute majority for an 8th consecutive time.

Niigata holds its 2004 gubernatorial election

On October 17, 2004, Niigata Prefecture in Japan held a gubernatorial election. Hirohiko Izumida won the election.

Japan

Kiribati presidential election, 2007

A presidential election was held in Kiribati on 17 October 2007, following the 2007 parliamentary election. President Anote Tong, who was re-elected to parliament in the first round of the parliamentary election, sought another term as president. At the first parliamentary session, four candidates were chosen to appear on the ballot: Anote Tong, Patrick Tatireta, Timon Aneri, and Nabuti Mwemwenikarawa. Opposition nominees Harry Tong (Anote Tong's brother) and Tetaua Taitai were excluded from the ballot, upon which the opposition called for a boycott of the election. Consequently, voter turnout was just above 50%.

Kiribati

Japan defeats Egypt in the AFC Asia/Africa Challenge Cup

On October 17, 2007, Japan defeated Egypt 4–1 in the AFC Asia/Africa Challenge Cup at Nagai Stadium in Osaka.

Japan

46th International Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival

The 46th International Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival (Turkish: 46. Uluslararası Antalya Altın Portakal Film Festivali) was a film festival held in Antalya, Turkey which ran from 19 to 17 October 2009. This edition of the International Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival was the first to be organised solely by the Antalya Foundation for Culture and Arts (AKSAV), a cultural body affiliated with the Antalya Greater Municipality, and the first to have an international section within the main body of the festival.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Turkey

2010 Plzeň municipal election

Plzeň municipal election in 2010 was held as part of Czech municipal elections, 2010. It was held on 16 and 17 October 2010. The Civic Democratic Party has won the election ahead of the Czech Social Democratic Party. Both parties received 14 seats in 47-seat assembly and formed grand coalition. Martin Baxa became the new Mayor. The incumbent Mayor Pavel Rödl was a former member of ODS.

2011 Molise regional election

The Molise regional election of 2011 took place on 16–17 October 2011. Michele Iorio (PdL) narrowly defeated Paolo Di Laura Frattura (PD) and secured a third consecutive term as President of Molise. In May 2012 a tribunal declared the election invalid due to irregularities committed by Iorio and his centre-right coalition. Finally, the Italian Council of State confirmed this election as invalid on 29 October 2012 and the new elections were held in February 2013.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

World Series of Fighting 24: Fitch vs. Okami

World Series of Fighting 24: Fitch vs. Okami was a mixed martial arts event held October 17, 2015 in Mashantucket, Connecticut, United States. This event aired live on NBCSN in the U.S and on Fight Network in Canada.

United States

2015 Uzbekistan Cup final

2015 Uzbekistan Cup final was the 23rd final of Uzbekistan Cup, held on October 17, 2015, at the Sogdiana Stadium in Jizzakh, where Bunyodkor and Nasaf competed for the title. The match was officiated by Ravshan Irmatov, who has been named Referee of the Year five times in Asia, ten times in Uzbekistan, and once globally in 2011.

Screen Stockport Film Festival

The Screen Stockport Film Festival was a film festival held annually at the Plaza Cinema in Stockport, Greater Manchester, England, in which short and feature films made locally, nationally and internationally were entered. It was considered the main film festival for North West England. It was founded in 2011. There were six categories of films and several awards for roles in films, as well as the type of film.

United Kingdom

2017 Lethbridge municipal election

The 2017 Lethbridge municipal election was held Monday, October 17, 2017 to elect a mayor and eight councillors (at-large), the seven Lethbridge School District No. 51 trustees, and five of the Holy Spirit Roman Catholic Separate Regional Division No. 4’s nine trustees (as Ward 2). From 1968 to 2013, provincial legislation has required every municipality to hold elections every three years.

Battle of Raqqa (2017)

The battle of Raqqa (2017), also known as the second battle of Raqqa, was the fifth and final phase of the Raqqa campaign (2016–2017) launched by the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) against the Islamic State (IS) with an aim to seize the city of Raqqa, the de facto capital of ISIL since 2014. The battle began on 6 June 2017, and was supported by airstrikes and ground troops from the US-led coalition.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

2017 Mayadin offensive

The 2017 Mayadin offensive was a military offensive launched by the Syrian Arab Army against members of the Islamic State (IS) in the Deir ez-Zor Governorate, following the breaking of the three-year siege of the city of Deir ez-Zor. The Mayadin offensive, conducted by Syrian Army troops, was conducted with the aim of capturing IS's new de facto capital of Mayadin, and securing the villages and towns around it.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

Kerch Polytechnic College massacre

On 17 October 2018, a school shooting and bombing attack occurred at the Kerch Polytechnic College in Kerch, Crimea. The perpetrator, Vladislav Roslyakov, who was an 18-year-old student at the college, killed 20 people and wounded 73 others before killing himself. It was the deadliest school shooting in Russia or Ukraine since the 2004 Beslan school siege.

Ukraine

Cannabis Act (Canada)

The Cannabis Act (French: Loi sur le cannabis, also known as Bill C-45) is a law which legalized recreational cannabis use in Canada in combination with its companion legislation Bill C-46, An Act to Amend the Criminal Code. The law is a milestone in the legal history of cannabis in Canada, alongside the 1923 prohibition.

This entry records the entry into force, as dated in the source infobox.

2019 Gibraltar general election

General elections were held in Gibraltar on 17 October 2019 to elect all 17 members to the fourth Gibraltar Parliament. Chief Minister Fabian Picardo announced the date of the election on Monday 16 September 2019. In September 2019, it was announced that Libs MP and GSLP/Libs Minister, Neil Costa, would not seek re-election and had his candidacy and seat replaced by Vijay Daryanani of the same party.

Gibraltar

PFL 8 (2019)

The PFL 8 mixed martial arts event for the 2019 season of the Professional Fighters League was held on October 17, 2019, at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Las Vegas, United States

Battle of Culiacán

The Battle of Culiacán, also known locally as the Culiacanazo and Black Thursday, was a failed attempt to capture Ovidio Guzmán López, son of Sinaloa Cartel kingpin Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, who was wanted in the United States for drug trafficking.

Mexico

MAMI 21st Mumbai Film Festival

The MAMI 21st Mumbai Film Festival (full title: "Jio MAMI 21st Mumbai Film Festival with Star") took place between 17 and 24 October 2019 in Mumbai, India. It was the only edition of the festival during which actor Deepika Padukone served as the chairperson of the Mumbai Academy of the Moving Image (MAMI).

This entry records the opening, as dated in the source infobox.

India

2020 New Zealand general election

The 2020 New Zealand general election was held on Saturday 17 October 2020 to determine the composition of the 53rd New Zealand Parliament. Voters elected 120 members to the House of Representatives, 72 from single-member electorates and 48 from closed party lists. Two referendums, one on the personal use of cannabis and one on euthanasia, were also held on the same day.

New Zealand

2020 Nova Scotia municipal elections

Municipal elections were held in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia on October 17, 2020. Here is a summary of the mayoral results in the largest municipalities in the province and the council results for Cape Breton and Kings County (for Halifax, see 2020 Halifax municipal election). Elections were also held for the Conseil scolaire acadien provincial school board.

2020 Perth City Council election

The 2020 Perth City Council election was held on 17 October 2020 to elect a lord mayor and eight councillors to the City of Perth, a local government area of Western Australia. These were the first elections for the council in over two years, after it was suspended in March 2018 due to issues arising from the behaviour of councillors.

2020 Halifax municipal election

The 2020 Halifax municipal election was held on October 17, 2020 to elect councillors and a mayor to a four-year term on the Halifax Regional Council, the governing body of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Members of the Conseil scolaire acadien provincial were also elected. The election was held in conjunction with municipal elections across the province. Of the 16 incumbent councillors, 11 ran for re-election.

2020 Australian Capital Territory election

The 2020 Australian Capital Territory election was held on 17 October 2020 to elect all 25 members of the unicameral ACT Legislative Assembly. The incumbent Labor-Greens coalition government, led by Chief Minister Andrew Barr, defeated the opposition Liberal Party. On the night of the election Barr claimed victory and confirmed Labor would again seek to enter into an arrangement with the Greens to form government, whilst Liberal leader Alistair Coe conceded the election and acknowledged the party would retain opposition status in the Assembly.

2020 European Rugby Champions Cup final

The 2020 European Rugby Champions Cup Final was the final match in the 2019–20 European Rugby Champions Cup, and the twenty-fifth European club rugby final in general. The final was held between first-time finalists Exeter Chiefs, and two-time runners-up Racing 92. Originally due to take place at the Stade Vélodrome in Marseille on 23 May, it was rescheduled to Ashton Gate in Bristol on 17 October due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

2020 storming of the Kurdistan Democratic Party headquarters

The Kurdistan Democratic Party was attacked on Saturday, October 17, 2020. The angry Popular Mobilization Forces supporters stormed the KDP offices in Karrada district in central Baghdad after the former Iraqi Foreign Minister Hoshyar Zebari said in an interview with Alhurra that "the Iraqi Government needs to clean up the Green Zone from the presence of the Popular Mobilization Forces" to protect the major road connected to Baghdad International Airport.

Iraq

2021 Cape Verdean presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Cape Verde on 17 October 2021. The result was a victory for José Maria Neves of the opposition African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV), who received 51.8% of the vote.

Cape Verde

2021 Rancho Santa Fe Open

The 2021 Rancho Santa Fe Open was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the eleventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Rancho Santa Fe, California, United States between 11 and 17 October 2021.

California, United States

2021 Serbian local elections

Local elections in Serbia were held on 28 March 2021 in the municipalities of Zaječar, Kosjerić and Preševo, and on 17 October in Mionica and Negotin. The ruling Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) won a majority of seats in the city assemblies of Zaječar and Kosjerić, while the Alternative for Changes, led by Shqiprim Arifi, won a majority of seats in Preševo.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

Serbia

2022 Indian National Congress leadership election

The 2022 Indian National Congress leadership election was an internal party election that was held to elect the next president of the Indian National Congress. A formal notification for the election was issued on 22 September 2022. The election was held on 17 October 2022 and counting of votes took place on 19 October 2022. Mallikarjun Kharge won the election amassing 7,897 votes compared to 1,072 of Shashi Tharoor.

India

Attacks on US bases during the Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present)

Starting on 17 October 2023, and in response to United States support for Israel in the Gaza war, Iran-backed militias initiated a coordinated series of more than 170 attacks on US military bases and assets in Syria, Iraq, and Jordan. These attacks resulted in injuries to dozens of US service members. In retaliation, the US has launched multiple counterattacks, resulting in the death of about 65 militants including a senior commander of the Nujaba Movement, Mushtaq Talib al-Saidi.

Iraq · Jordan · Syria

Al-Ahli Arab Hospital explosion

On 17 October 2023, an explosion took place in a courtyard of al-Ahli Arab Hospital in Gaza City during the Gaza war, resulting in a large number of displaced Palestinians seeking shelter there being killed or injured. International media initially reported that over 500 Palestinians were killed according to the Gaza Health Ministry (GHM), but this was a mistranslation of a report that had mentioned over 500 total victims, including injured.

Gaza City, Israel