10月19日发生过什么？

Battle of Zama

The Battle of Zama was fought in 202 BC in what is now Tunisia between a Roman army commanded by Scipio Africanus and a Carthaginian army commanded by Hannibal. The battle was part of the Second Punic War and resulted in such a severe defeat for the Carthaginians that they capitulated, while Hannibal was forced into exile.

Capture of Carthage (439)

The Battle of Carthage of 439 was when the city of Carthage was captured by the Vandals from the Western Roman Empire on 19 October 439. Under their leader Genseric, the Vandals crossed the Strait of Gibraltar into Africa and captured Hippo Regius in August 431, which they made the capital of their kingdom. Despite an uneasy peace with the Romans, Genseric made a surprise attack against Carthage in October 439.

Third siege of Pontevico

The third siege of Pontevico was fought between 16 and 19 October 1453 at Pontevico (Lombardy) between the armies of the Duchy of Milan and that of Republic of Venice, an episode of the Wars in Lombardy.

Lombardy, Italy

Siege of Bordeaux (1453)

The siege of Bordeaux by King Charles VII, between August and October 1453, is part of the third phase of the Hundred Years' War. It marks the attachment of the city to the crown of France and the end of the English presence in Guyenne as well as in France and of the Hundred Years' War.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Hundred Years' War, 1415–1453

The Lancastrian War was the third and final phase of the Hundred Years' War between England and France. It lasted from 1415, when Henry V of England invaded Normandy, to 1453, when the English were definitively defeated in Aquitaine. It followed a long period of peace from the end of the Caroline War in 1389.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

France

Second Peace of Thorn (1466)

The Peace of Thorn or Toruń of 1466, also known as the Second Peace of Thorn or Toruń (German: Zweiter Friede von Thorn; Polish: drugi pokój toruński), was a peace treaty signed in the Hanseatic city of Thorn (Toruń) on 19 October 1466 between the Polish king Casimir IV Jagiellon and the Teutonic Knights, which ended the Thirteen Years' War, the longest of the Polish–Teutonic Wars.

Siege of Metz (1552)

The siege of Metz during the Italian War of 1551–59 lasted from 19 October 1552 to 2 January 1553. The so-called Augsburg Interim came to an end when Protestant princes of the Schmalkaldic League approached Henry II of France and concluded the Treaty of Chambord, giving the free cities of Toul, Verdun, and Metz (the 'Three Bishoprics') to the Kingdom of France.

James VI of Scotland is celebrated as an adult ruler by a festival in Edinburgh

James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567, and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603, until his death in 1625.

Capture of Enschede (1597)

The Capture of Enschede took place during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War on the 18 and 19 October 1597. A Dutch and English army led by Maurice of Orange took the city after a very short siege during which they threatened to the Governor that they would destroy the city. The siege was part of Maurice's campaign of 1597, a successful offensive against the Spaniards during what the Dutch call the Ten Glory Years. After the siege and capture of Bredevoort a part of Maurice's army which included Scots and Frisians under Count Solms and Van Duivenvoorde went from Winterswijk to Gronau.

Enschede, Netherlands · Overijssel, Netherlands

Siege of Tiverton (1645)

The siege of Tiverton took place in October 1645 during the First English Civil War, when a Royalist garrison surrendered to a detachment of the New Model Army. Defeats at Naseby in June, and Langport in July destroyed the Royalist field armies, leaving them confined to parts of the West Country, and isolated strongpoints elsewhere. When Bristol surrendered on 10 September, their last significant position was the port of Exeter.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

United Kingdom

Raid on Santiago de Cuba (1662)

The Raid on Santiago de Cuba took place on 19 October 1662 during the Anglo-Spanish War on the Spanish colony of Cuba. In fear of a Spanish attack on Jamaica, the governor Thomas Hickman-Windsor gaver orders to Royal Navy captain Christopher Myngs to launch a preemptive attack. Myngs' force of fourteen vessels, carrying around 1,400 buccaneers sortied from Port Royal and assaulted Santiago de Cuba.

Siege of Barcelona (1705)

The Siege of Barcelona took place between 14 September and 19 October 1705 during the War of the Spanish Succession when a multinational Grand Alliance army led by Lord Peterborough, supporting the Habsburg pretender to the Spanish throne, captured the city of Barcelona from its Franco-Spanish Bourbonic defenders. An attempted landing had been repulsed the previous year at the Battle of Barcelona (1704). Following the city's capture by Peterborough, the French and Spanish launched a concerted attempt to recapture it the following year during the Siege of Barcelona (1706), which failed. The city and entire Catalonia remained in Allied hands until 1714.

Barcelona, Spain

Siege of Bouchain (1712)

The siege of Bouchain (1 October – 19 October 1712), was a siege of the War of the Spanish Succession, and a victory for the French troops of the Duc de Villars. A French army of 20,000 men besieged and captured the Allied-controlled fortifications after an 18-day siege, with the 2,000-strong Dutch-Imperial garrison under Major-General Frederik Sirtema van Grovestins capitulating on 19 October.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

France

Battle of the Windward Passage

The Battle of the Windward Passage was a small naval action between French and British fleets that occurred on 17 to 19 October 1760 during the Seven Years' War. The action took place in the Caribbean between Cap-Français and Eastern Cuba and resulted in a British victory.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Siege of Pondicherry (1778)

The siege of Pondicherry was the first military action on the Indian subcontinent following the declaration of war between Great Britain and France in the American Revolutionary War. A British force besieged the French Indian port of Pondicherry in August 1778, which capitulated after ten weeks of siege.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

India

Battle of Klock's Field

The Battle of Klock's Field was an engagement during the American Revolutionary War in the Mohawk Valley region of New York between British and Loyalist forces led by Lieutenant Colonel Sir John Johnson, and New York militia and levies led by Brigadier General Robert Van Rensselaer. The battle occurred on the north side of the Mohawk River in what is now St. Johnsville in Montgomery County.

Siege of Yorktown

The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown and the surrender at Yorktown, took place in 1781 and was the final major land engagement of the American Revolutionary War. It was won decisively by the Continental Army, led by George Washington, with support from the Marquis de Lafayette and French Army troops, led by Comte de Rochambeau, and a French Navy force commanded by the Comte de Grasse, defeating the British Army commanded by British Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

United States

Treaty of Drottningholm

Treaty of Drottningholm (1791) was a treaty signed between Sweden and Russia on the 19th of October 1791, which aimed to establish a long lasting peace and also acting as an alliance between them against Revolutionary France.

Treaty of Drottningholm, between Sweden and Russia

Battle of Puiflijk

The Battle of Puiflijk occurred on 19 October 1794 in the Land van Maas en Waal region of the Netherlands during the Flanders campaign of the War of the First Coalition against Revolutionary France. The battle took place in three different locations between French troops under the command of general Jean-Charles Pichegru and Coalition forces.

Battle of Emmendingen

At the Battle of Emmendingen, on 19 October 1796, the French Army of Rhin-et-Moselle under Jean Victor Marie Moreau fought the First Coalition Army of the Upper Rhine commanded by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen. Emmendingen is located on the Elz River in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, 9 miles (14 km) north of Freiburg im Breisgau. The action occurred during the War of the First Coalition, the first phase of the larger French Revolutionary Wars.

Siege of Delhi (1804)

The siege of Delhi (8–19 October 1804) was conducted by the Maratha leader Maharaja Yashwantrao Holkar against the forces of the British East India Company, who were assisting the Mughals in defending Delhi during the Second Anglo-Maratha War. Holkar's main political objective was to bring the Mughal emperor under his control and thus with force of 60,000 cavalry and 15,000 infantry, Holkar confronted the British commanders Lt. Col.s Ochterlony and Burn who were in charge at Delhi.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

India

French occupation of Moscow

French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte's Grande Armée occupied Moscow from 14 September to 19 October 1812 during the Napoleonic Wars. It marked the summit of the French invasion of Russia. During the occupation, which lasted 36 days, the city was devastated by fire and looted by both Russian peasants and the French. Napoleon's invasion of Russia began on the 24th of June in 1812, and he had made considerable progress by autumn.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Russia

Battle of Leipzig

The Battle of Leipzig, also known as the Battle of the Nations, was fought from 16 to 19 October 1813 at Leipzig, Saxony. The Coalition armies of Austria, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia, led by Tsar Alexander I, Karl von Schwarzenberg, Gebhard von Blücher and Swedish Crown Prince Charles John, decisively defeated the Grande Armée of French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Battle of Cook's Mills

The Battle of Cook's Mills was the last engagement between U.S. and British armies in the Niagara, and the penultimate engagement (followed by the Battle of Malcolm's Mills) on Canadian soil during the War of 1812. After a battle lasting less than an hour, American forces out-maneuvered the British column, and later destroyed all grain found in the mill.

Battle of Ibiraocaí

The Battle of Ibiraocaí (Portuguese: Batalha de Ibiraocaí), (Spanish: Batalla de Ibirocay) was fought between an army of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves and the forces of José Gervasio Artigas commanded by José Antonio Berdún. The Luso-Brazilians were victorious.

Brazil

Action of Atlixco

The action of Atlixco, also known as the Atlixco affair, on October 19, 1847, was a U.S. victory late in the Mexican–American War by an American force under General Joseph Lane that defeated the Light Corps of the Mexican Army under General Joaquín Rea and captured their base at Atlixco a week after Lane had driven Rea from his lines and relieved the Siege of Puebla.

Atlixco, Mexico · Puebla, Mexico

Battle of Buckland Mills

The Battle of Buckland Mills, also known as The Buckland Races or Chestnut Hill, was fought on October 19, 1863, between Union and Confederate forces in the American Civil War. Union cavalry led by Brig. Gen. Judson Kilpatrick were caught in a Confederate ambush and defeated. Near Buckland Mills, on Broad Run, Confederate cavalry commander Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart, with Maj. Gen. Wade Hampton's cavalry division, were covering Gen. Robert E. Lee's retirement from his defeat at Bristoe to the Rappahannock River. On October 19, they turned on Kilpatrick's pursuing Federal cavalry, while Maj. Gen. Fitzhugh Lee's division charged the Federal flank.

Fauquier County, Virginia, United States

Battle of Cedar Creek

The Battle of Cedar Creek, or Battle of Belle Grove, fought October 19, 1864, was the culminating battle of the Valley Campaigns of 1864 during the American Civil War. Confederate Lt. Gen. Jubal Early launched a surprise attack against the encamped army of Union Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan, across Cedar Creek, northeast of Strasburg, Virginia. During the morning fighting, seven Union infantry divisions were forced to fall back and lost numerous prisoners and cannons. Early failed to continue his attack north of Middletown, and Sheridan, dramatically riding to the battlefield from Winchester, was able to rally his troops to hold a new defensive line.

Frederick County, Virginia, United States · Shenandoah County, Virginia, United States · Warren County, Virginia, United States

Second Battle of Lexington

The Second Battle of Lexington was a minor skirmish during the American Civil War, taking place on October 19, 1864, in Lexington, the county seat of Lafayette County, Missouri. It formed a part of Confederate Maj. Gen. Sterling Price's Missouri Expedition of that year, and led in turn to the Battle of Little Blue River two days later.Like the first Battle of Lexington, fought in September 1861, this engagement resulted in a Confederate victory. Its overall importance, however, was not nearly so marked as the first battle, which had cemented Southern control of the Missouri Valley and significantly raised Confederate morale in the region.

Missouri, United States

St. Albans Raid

The St. Albans Raid was the northernmost land action of the American Civil War. It was a controversial raid from Canada by Confederate soldiers meant to rob banks to raise money and to trick the Union Army to divert troops to defend their northern border against further raids. It took place in St. Albans, Vermont, on October 19, 1864.

Vermont, United States · Canada

1870 South Carolina gubernatorial election

The 1870 South Carolina gubernatorial election was held on October 19, 1870, to select the governor of the state of South Carolina. Governor Robert Kingston Scott easily won reelection based entirely on the strength of the black vote in the state.

South Carolina, United States

Portuguese legislative election, 1879

Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 19 October 1879. The result was a landslide victory for the Progressive Party, which won 106 seats.

Portugal

Naulila Incident

The Naulila Incident was a violent confrontation between Portuguese forces and a German delegation on October 19, 1914, near Naulila in southern Portuguese Angola. This incident later led to the German attack on Naulila, on December 18.

First Battle of Ypres

The First Battle of Ypres (French: Première Bataille des Flandres, German: Erste Flandernschlacht, 19 October – 22 November 1914) was a battle of the First World War, fought on the Western Front around Ypres, in West Flanders, Belgium. The battle was part of the First Battle of Flanders, in which German, French, Belgian armies and the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) fought from Arras in France to Nieuwpoort (Nieuport) on the Belgian coast, from 10 October to mid-November.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Belgium

Race to the Sea

The Race to the Sea (French: Course à la mer; German: Wettlauf zum Meer, Dutch: Race naar de Zee) took place from 17 September to 19 October 1914 during the First World War, after the Battle of the Frontiers (7 August – 13 September) and the German advance into France. The invasion had been stopped at the First Battle of the Marne (5–12 September) and was followed by the First Battle of the Aisne (13–28 September), a Franco-British counter-offensive.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

France · Belgium

Actions of the Hohenzollern Redoubt

The Actions of the Hohenzollern Redoubt took place on the Western Front in World War I from 13 to 19 October 1915, at the Hohenzollern Redoubt (Hohenzollernwerk) near Auchy-les-Mines in France. In the aftermath of the Battle of Loos (25 September – 8 October 1915), the 9th (Scottish) Division captured the strongpoint and then lost it to a German counter-attack.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

France

Battle of Courtrai (1918)

The Battle of Courtrai (also known as the Second Battle of Belgium (French: 2ème Bataille de Belgique) and the Battle of Roulers (French: Bataille de Roulers)) was one of a series of offensives in northern France and southern Belgium that took place in late September and October 1918.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Belgium

Charge of Burkel

The cavalry charge of Burkel (French: Charge de Burkel, Dutch: Slag bij Burkel) was a skirmish between Belgian and German forces on 19 October 1918, during the closing stages of World War I. It is notable as the last cavalry charge in Western Europe.

Belgium

1919 Svenska Mästerskapet final

The 1919 Svenska Mästerskapet final was played on 19 October 1919 between the first-time finalists GAIS and the tenth-time finalists Djurgårdens IF. The match decided the winner of 1919 Svenska Mästerskapet, the football cup to determine the Swedish champions. GAIS won their first title with a 4–1 victory at Stockholm Olympic Stadium in Stockholm.

Battle of Bogdat

The Battle of Bogdat or The Bogdat Operation (Russian: Богдатское сражение) was the largest battle between the Soviet partisans and the Whites (together with the 5th Japanese Expeditionary Division) during the Russian Civil War in Transbaikal. In the summer of 1919 the local Resistance movement threatened the regime of the White Cossacks and the Japanese and it was decided to launch a massive offensive on partisan positions in Eastern Transbaikal.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

1933 Greek presidential election

Indirect presidential elections were held in Greece on October 19, 1933. The president was elected by the Greek Parliament and Senate. Incumbent president Alexandros Zaimis was re-elected and sworn in for his second term the same day. It marked the first time a sitting president had been re-elected and would become the last presidential election of the Second Hellenic Republic before the restoration of the Greek monarchy in 1935.

Greece

Revolution of 1934

The Revolution of 1934, also known as the Revolution of October 1934, or the Revolutionary General Strike of 1934 was a revolutionary strike movement that took place between October 5 and October 19, 1934, during the black biennium of the Second Spanish Republic. The movement was supported by many PSOE and UGT members, notably Largo Caballero and Indalecio Prieto. Most of the events occurred in Catalonia and Asturias. The Revolution began with the Asturian miners' strike of 1934. In Catalonia the revolt was led by the Catalan government, and ended on the 6th of October, after a street battle in Barcelona.

Spain

Norwegian parliamentary election, 1936

Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 19 October 1936, the last before World War II and the German invasion of Norway. The result was a victory for the Labour Party, which won 70 of the 150 seats in the Storting.

Norway

New York World-Telegram reporter Herbert Ekins won a race against two other New York newspaper journalists to travel around the world on commercial airline flights. He accomplished the feat in 18 ½ days. His opponents were New York Evening Journal reporter Dorothy Kilgallen, who finished in second place, and New York Times reporter Leo Kieran

The New York World-Telegram, later known as the New York World-Telegram and The Sun, was a New York City newspaper from 1931 to 1966.

Death of Lu Xun

Lu Xun, the pen name of Chinese writer Zhou Shuren, died in Shanghai on 19 October 1936, aged 55. A leading figure in modern Chinese literature, he worked as a novelist, essayist, critic, poet and translator.

People's Republic of China

1937 United States Senate special election in Arkansas

The 1937 Arkansas special senatorial election was held on October 19, 1937, following the death of longtime Democratic senator Joe T. Robinson. Robinson was a powerful senator, staunch Democrat, and strong supporter of United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and was instrumental in passing many New Deal programs through the Senate. Arkansas was essentially a one-party state during the Solid South period; the Democratic Party controlled all aspects of state and local office.

Arkansas, United States

1938 Invercargill mayoral by-election

The 1938 Invercargill mayoral by-election was held on 19 October 1938 to elect the Mayor of Invercargill after the death of John Miller on 20 September. Miller had been elected to a fourth consecutive term in May.

New Zealand

Bombing of Bahrain in World War II

The bombing of Bahrain in World War II was part of an effort by the Italian Royal Air Force (Regia Aeronautica) to strike at the British interests wherever possible in the Middle East. It was successful in forcing the diversion of already-limited Allied resources to an obscure theater originally thought to be safe.

Bahrain · Saudi Arabia

Convoy SC 7

Convoy SC 7 was the name of a large Allied convoy in the Second World War comprising 35 merchant ships and six escorts. The convoy sailed eastwards from Sydney, Nova Scotia, for Liverpool and other British ports on 5 October 1940. While crossing the Atlantic, the convoy was attacked by one of the first U-boat wolfpacks.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Convoy QP 1

Convoy QP 1 (28 September – 19 October 1941) was the first Arctic Convoy of the Second World War by which the Allies brought back the ships of Operation Dervish that had carried supplies to the Soviet Union after Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of 22 June 1941. The convoy sailed from Murmansk on 28 September 1941 and arrived safely at Scapa Flow in Orkney on 19 October.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Kali Bekasi incident

On 19 October 1945, in the aftermath of Indonesia's declaration of independence, a clash broke out near the Bekasi River in West Java between Indonesian fighters and Japanese troops who were returning to mainland Japan following Japan's surrender at the end of World War II. Over 90 Japanese soldiers were captured and later executed.

Siege of Changchun

The siege of Changchun was a military blockade undertaken by the People's Liberation Army against Changchun between May and October 1948, the largest city in Manchuria at the time, and one of the headquarters of the Republic of China Army in Northeast China. It was one of the longest campaigns in the Liaoshen Campaign of the Chinese Civil War.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

People's Republic of China

Israeli naval campaign in Operation Yoav

The Israeli naval campaign in Operation Yoav refers to the operations of the Israeli naval service (later Israel Navy) during Operation Yoav (October 15–22, 1948) in the final stage of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The main objective of the naval service was to disrupt the supply lines from Egypt to Palestine, completing the Egyptian expeditionary force's encirclement, and force Egypt to allocate large forces to fight against targets at sea instead of on the ground, where Operation Yoav was conducted.

Israel · Palestine

1949 FA Charity Shield

The 1949 FA Charity Shield was the 27th FA Charity Shield, a pre-season exhibition football match between the winners of the previous season's First Division and FA Cup titles. The match took place at Highbury, London, between the league champions Portsmouth and FA Cup winners Wolverhampton Wanderers. The score finished at 1–1, marking the first draw in the Charity Shield and meaning the Shield was shared.

United Kingdom

Battle of Pyongyang (1950)

The Battle of Pyongyang (17–19 October 1950) was one of the major battles of the United Nations' offensive during the Korean War. Following the Battle of Inchon, the UN forces re-captured Seoul, the capital of South Korea, and proceeded to advance into North Korea. Shortly after advancing, the American and South Korean forces faced the North Korean defenses near Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea, on 17 October.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

North Korea

Chinese People's Volunteers enter North Korea

The Chinese People's Volunteers entered North Korea on 19 October 1950 during the Korean War. This entry records their entry into Korea, rather than the outbreak of the war in June or the Chinese offensives that followed.

North Korea

Chinese forces capture Chamdo during the Battle of Chamdo

Chinese forces captured the town of Chamdo in eastern Tibet on October 19, 1950, during the Battle of Chamdo. The fall of the town dealt a decisive blow to Tibetan defenses. Fighting in the wider campaign continued until October 24, so this date records the capture of Chamdo rather than the end of the battle.

October 19 marks the town’s capture; the wider battle ended on October 24.

China

Operation Polecharge

Operation Polecharge was an offensive undertaken by United Nations Command (UN) forces during the Korean War between 15–19 October 1951, following on from the successful Operation Commando which established the Jamestown Line.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Soviet–Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956

The Soviet Union did not sign the 1951 Treaty of Peace with Japan, which had re‑established peaceful relations between most other Allied Powers and Japan. On 19 October 1956, Japan and the Soviet Union signed a Joint Declaration providing for the end of the state of war and for the restoration of diplomatic relations between both countries. They also agreed to continue negotiations for a peace treaty.

1957 Scottish League Cup final

The 1957 Scottish League Cup final was the final match of the 1957–58 Scottish League Cup. The football match was played on 19 October 1957 at Hampden Park, in which Celtic beat rivals Rangers in a record 7–1 victory. The final was nicknamed "Hampden in the Sun", a phrase coined by Celtic supporters as the title of a terrace song.

Operation Vantage

Operation Vantage was a British military operation in 1961 to support the newly independent state of Kuwait against territorial claims by its neighbour, Iraq. The UK reacted to a call for protection from Sheikh Abdullah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah of Kuwait, and air, sea and land forces were in place within days. Iraq did not attack and the British forces were replaced by the Arab League.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Kuwait

Operation Maui Peak

Operation Maui Peak was a US Marine Corps operation that took place near the Thường Ðức Camp southwest of Danang, during the Vietnam War. It lasted from 1 to 19 October 1968.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Vietnam

First Yemenite War

The First Yemenite War was a short military conflict between the Yemen Arab Republic (YAR; North Yemen) and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY; South Yemen).

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Northern Territory general election, 1974

The first general election for the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly was held in the Northern Territory on Saturday 19 October 1974, and was won by the Country Liberal Party (CLP), formed a few months earlier from the merger of the territorial Country and Liberal parties. The CLP won 49.01% of the vote, the Australian Labor Party won 30.46% and independent candidates won 20.54%. The Country Liberals took 17 of the 19 assembly seats. The other two were held by independents; Dawn Lawrie won the seat of Nightcliff, and Ron Withnall won the seat of Port Darwin.

Australia

1982 United Nations Security Council election

The 1982 United Nations Security Council election was held on 19 October 1982 during the Thirty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City. The General Assembly elected Malta, the Netherlands, Nicaragua, Pakistan, and Zimbabwe, as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1983.

New York City, United States

1986 Mozambican Tupolev Tu-134 crash

On 19 October 1986, the governmental Tupolev Tu-134 jetliner carrying Mozambican president Samora Machel was on a flight from Mbala, Zambia to the Mozambican capital Maputo, when it crashed 35 nautical miles (65 km) west of its destination, at Mbuzini, South Africa. On board were also 43 other occupants; nine passengers and one crew member survived the crash, but President Machel and 33 others died, including ministers and officials of the Mozambican government. A board of enquiry blamed the captain for failing to react to the Ground Proximity Warning System.

South Africa

Operation Nimble Archer

Operation Nimble Archer was the 19 October 1987 attack on two Iranian oil platforms in the Persian Gulf by United States Navy forces. The attack was a response to Iran's missile attack on MV Sea Isle City, a reflagged Kuwaiti oil tanker at anchor off Kuwait, which had occurred three days earlier. The action occurred during Operation Earnest Will, the effort to protect Kuwaiti shipping amid the Iran–Iraq War.

1988–1994 British broadcasting voice restrictions

From October 1988 to September 1994 the British government banned broadcasts of the voices of representatives from Sinn Féin and ten other Irish republican and loyalist groups on television and radio in the United Kingdom. The restrictions, announced by the Home Secretary, Douglas Hurd, on 19 October 1988, followed a heightened period of violence in the course of the Troubles, and reflected the UK government's belief in a need to prevent these groups from using the media for political advantage.

This entry records the enactment, as dated in the source infobox.

1991 Shepparton state by-election

The 1991 Shepparton state by-election was held on 19 October 1991 to elect the member for Shepparton in the Victorian Legislative Assembly, following the resignation of Nationals MP Peter Ross-Edwards. Ross-Edwards had represented Shepparton since the seat was re-established in 1967, and served as the leader of the Victorian National Party (previously known as the Country Party) from 1970 until 1988.

1991 Louisiana lieutenant gubernatorial election

The 1991 Louisiana lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 16, 1991, in order to elect the lieutenant governor of Louisiana. Democratic candidate Melinda Schwegmann defeated incumbent Republican lieutenant governor Paul Hardy in the Runoff election, thereby becoming the first woman to have been elected lieutenant governor of the U.S. state of Louisiana.

This entry records the first round, as dated in the source infobox.

United States

1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election

The 1991 Louisiana gubernatorial election resulted in the election of Democrat Edwin Edwards to his fourth non-consecutive term as governor of Louisiana. The election received national and international attention due to the unexpectedly strong showing of David Duke, a former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, who had ties to other white supremacist and neo-Nazi groups.

This entry records the first round, as dated in the source infobox.

United States

1992 Yukon general election

The 1992 Yukon general election was held on October 19, 1992 to elect members of the 28th Legislative Assembly of the territory of Yukon, Canada. It was won by the Yukon Party.

1992 United States presidential debates

The 1992 United States presidential debates were a series of debates held during the 1992 presidential election. The Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD), a bipartisan organization formed in 1987, organized four debates among the major party candidates, sponsoring three presidential debates and one vice presidential debate. Republican nominee George H. W. Bush, Democratic nominee Bill Clinton, and Independent candidate Ross Perot met the criteria for inclusion in the debates.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

United States

FC Bayern Munich 1–2 Norwich City F.C.

The football match between Bayern Munich and Norwich City was played at the Olympiastadion, Munich, on 19 October 1993 as part of the second round of the 1993–94 UEFA Cup and finished in a 2–1 victory for the English side. Jeremy Goss and Mark Bowen scored for Norwich and Christian Nerlinger replied for Bayern; all three goals were scored in the first half.

Germany

Accession of Benazir Bhutto

Benazir Bhutto (21 June 1953 – 27 December 2007) was a Pakistani stateswoman who twice served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 and again from 1993 to 1996. She was the first woman elected to head a democratic government in a Muslim-majority country. Ideologically a liberal and a secularist, she chaired the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) from 1982 until her assassination in 2007.

1996 Lindsay by-election

The 1996 Lindsay by-election was held in the Australian electorate of Lindsay in New South Wales on 19 October 1996. The by-election was triggered by a ruling of the Court of Disputed Returns that the election of the Liberal Party candidate Jackie Kelly was invalid, due to her citizenship status and employment by the Royal Australian Air Force. The writ for the by-election was issued on 16 September 1996.

1997 Galician regional election

A regional election was held in Galicia on 19 October 1997 to elect the 5th Parliament of the autonomous community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.

Galicia (Spain), Spain

1997 Montenegrin presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Montenegro, then a constituent republic of Yugoslavia, on 5 October 1997. A second round run-off was held on 19 October 1997. Although incumbent President Momir Bulatović, who was supportive of Yugoslavian President Slobodan Milošević, received a plurality of the vote in the first round, he was defeated in the second round by Prime Minister Milo Đukanović.

This entry records the second round, as dated in the source infobox.

Montenegro

Alberta Senate nominee election, 1998

The 2nd Alberta Senate nominee election was held in Alberta, Canada, on October 19, 1998, in conjunction with the Alberta Municipal Elections. It was held to elect Alberta's candidates for appointment to the Canadian Senate. In the first senate election held in 1989, Prime Minister Brian Mulroney had promised to advise the Governor General to appoint the winner of the election. In 1998, Prime Minister Jean Chrétien advised Governor General Roméo LeBlanc to appoint two senators for Alberta shortly before the vote. Despite these appointments, two senator nominees were selected in a block vote, that was broken down along municipal electoral districts instead of provincial electoral districts.

Canada

1998 Calgary municipal election

The 1998 Calgary municipal election was held on October 19, 1998, to elect a Mayor and 14 Aldermen to Calgary City Council. In addition to the city council election, trustees to the Calgary Board of Education, Calgary Catholic School District, two plebiscites and the Alberta Senate nominee election. Incumbent Mayor Al Duerr was re-elected defeating Alderman Ray Clark, and each incumbent Alderman was re-elected.

Calgary, Canada

1998 Georgian attempted mutiny

The Georgian Armed Forces mutiny of October 1998 was an abortive attempt of a rebellion organized by a group of officers led by Colonel Akaki Eliava in western Georgia against the government of President Eduard Shevardnadze. The mutiny had its roots in the Georgian civil war of 1991–1993.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Georgia

Leyenda de Plata (2001)

The Leyenda de Plata (2001) was professional wrestling tournament produced by the Mexican wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLLl; Spanish "World Wrestling Council") that ran from October 5, 2001, over the course of three of CMLL's Friday night shows in Arena México with the finals on October 19, 2001. The annual Leyenda de Plata tournament is held in honor of lucha libre legend El Santo and is one of CMLL's most important annual tournaments.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

Mexico

2002 Cunningham by-election

The 2002 Cunningham by-election was held on 19 October 2002 to elect the member for Cunningham in the Australian House of Representatives, following the resignation of Labor Party MP Stephen Martin. The by-election was notable as it was won by Michael Organ, the candidate for the Australian Greens, making Cunningham the first seat in the House of Representatives to be won by a minor party since Jack Lang won Reid for his Lang Labor party in 1946, and the first seat in the House won by the Greens.

No Mercy (2003)

No Mercy (2003) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and presented by Subway, which took place on October 19, 2003, at the 1st Mariner Arena in Baltimore, Maryland. It was the sixth event under the No Mercy chronology and starred wrestlers from the SmackDown! brand. Nine professional wrestling matches were scheduled on the event's card. The main event saw WWE Champion Brock Lesnar defeat The Undertaker to retain his championship in a match where a chain was hung from a pole and the first man to reach it could use it as a legal weapon in what was called a Biker Chain match.

Maryland, United States

Taboo Tuesday (2004)

Taboo Tuesday (2004) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and presented by AT&T which took place on October 19, 2004 at the Bradley Center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was the first annual Taboo Tuesday event, marking the first time in which the fans were given the chance to vote on stipulations for the matches. The voting for the event started on October 18, 2004 and ended during the event. Eight professional wrestling matches were featured on the event's card. The buildup to the matches and the scenarios that took place before, during, and after the event were planned by WWE's script writers.

Milwaukee, United States · Wisconsin, United States

Corporate Airlines Flight 5966

Corporate Airlines Flight 5966 was a scheduled passenger flight from St. Louis to Kirksville, Missouri, United States. On October 19, 2004, the British Aerospace Jetstream 32 aircraft operating the flight crashed on approach to Kirksville Regional Airport as a result of pilot error, killing 13 of the 15 people aboard.

Missouri, United States

Hurricane Wilma (pictured) became the most intense Atlantic hurricane on record with a minimum atmospheric pressure of 882 mbar (26.05 inHg)

Hurricane Wilma was the most intense tropical cyclone in the Atlantic basin and the second-most intense tropical cyclone in the Western Hemisphere, both based on barometric pressure, after Hurricane Patricia in 2015. Wilma's rapid intensification led to a 24-hour pressure drop of 97 mbar (2.9 inHg), setting a new basin record. At its peak, Hurricane Wilma's eye contracted to a record minimum diameter of 2.3 mi (3.7 km).

Trial of Saddam Hussein

The deposed president of Iraq, Saddam Hussein was tried by the Iraqi Interim Government for crimes against humanity committed during his time in office. The Coalition Provisional Authority voted to create the Iraqi Special Tribunal (IST), consisting of five Iraqi judges, on 9 December 2003, to try Saddam and his aides for charges of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide dating back to the early 1980s.

The first trial opened on this date; this is not the verdict date.

WrestleFanFest Malice in the Palace

Malice in the Palace was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event that was filmed on October 19, 2007 at the Cow Palace in Daly City, California. The event was filmed for broadcast and DVD release by Big Vision Entertainment. The event was free to attendees of the weekend-long WrestleFanFest convention. The convention was also slated to host a Mixed Martial Arts event the following night, but it was canceled by the California State Athletic Commission due to the caged enclosure missing two required support beams The originally announced card featured wrestlers that did not end up appearing, including Goldberg, The Outsiders, Sid Vicious, Andrew Martin, Mil Máscaras, Kevin Sullivan, Dan Severn and Marty Jannetty.

California, United States

2008 Azorean regional election

The 2008 Azorean regional election (Portuguese: Eleições Regionais dos Açores de 2008) was an election held on 19 October 2008 to elect the 57 members of the regional legislative assembly for the Portuguese autonomous region of the Azores. in which the Socialist Party, under the leadership of Carlos César won a fourth mandate with 46.7 percent of the turnout, while their rivals, under the Social Democratic Party leader Carlos Costa Neves, received 30.27 percent of the vote: this result would lead to Neves' resignation in the following days.

Jersey general election, 2011

General elections for the States of Jersey were held in Jersey on 19 October 2011, and for the first time Senators, Deputies and Constables were elected on a single day in Jersey. The number of members of the States of Jersey was reduced from 53 to 51. Six Senators who had been elected in 2008 for a period of six years did not face election in 2011.

Jersey

2011 Hakkâri attack

The October 2011 Çukurca attacks are the PKK's attacks targeting Turkish Armed Forces units in Hakkâri's Çukurca district on October 19, 2011. After midnight, 200 PKK members opened fire on police and gendarmerie buildings and security points in the district center with heavy weapons, resulting in 24 Turkish soldiers killed and 18 wounded.

Turkey

October 2012 Beirut bombing

On 19 October 2012, Wissam al-Hassan, a brigadier general of the Lebanese Internal Security Forces (ISF) and the head of its intelligence-oriented information branch, died along with several others killed by a car bomb in the Achrafieh district of Beirut. The killing of a senior figure closely linked with the anti-Assad camp in Lebanon led to immediate speculation that Syria, or its allies, were behind the attack in Beirut. Al-Hassan had also led the investigation that implicated Syria and its ally Hezbollah in the killing of the former prime minister Rafik Hariri.

Lebanon

2013 Buenos Aires train crash

The Buenos Aires train crash occurred on October 19, 2013 when a passenger train failed to stop at a terminal station in Buenos Aires, Argentina, injuring 105 people. As of October 2013, the causes of the accident were under investigation.

Argentina

UFC 166

UFC 166: Velasquez vs. Dos Santos III was a mixed martial arts event held on October 19, 2013, at the Toyota Center in Houston, Texas.

Houston, United States · Texas, United States

2013 Miranda state by-election

A by-election for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Miranda occurred on 19 October 2013. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Graham Annesley (Liberal), which was announced on 28 August 2013. Barry Collier (Labor) won the seat with a 55 percent two-party vote from a 26-point two-party swing, the largest swing in New South Wales history.

Battle of Touayel

The Battle of Touayel is a confrontation between Tunisian law enforcement forces and jihadists that took place in Tunisia in October 2013.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Tunisia

Canadian federal election, 2015

The Canadian federal election, 2015 (formally the 42nd general election) was held on October 19, 2015, to elect members to the House of Commons of the 42nd Canadian Parliament. The writs of election for the 2015 election were issued by Governor General David Johnston on August 2. The ensuing campaign was one of the longest in Canadian history. It was also the first time since the 1979 election that a Prime Minister strove to remain in office into a fourth consecutive parliament. The Liberal Party, led by Justin Trudeau, won 184 seats, allowing it to form a majority government with Trudeau becoming the next Prime Minister.

Canada

2015 Canadian federal election in Quebec

In the 2015 Canadian federal election, there were 78 members of Parliament elected to the House of Commons from the province of Quebec, making up 23.1% of all members of the House. The Liberal party became the biggest party in Quebec, a position they have held as of 2025.

2016 Vale by-election

The 2016 Vale by-election was held in the States of Guernsey district of Vale on 19 October 2016 following the death of deputy Dave Jones in July 2016. Nominations closed on 23 September. Neil Inder was elected as the new deputy.

Guernsey

2016 United States presidential debates

The 2016 United States presidential debates were a series of debates held during the 2016 presidential election. The Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD), a bipartisan organization formed in 1987, organized four debates among the major party candidates, sponsored three presidential debates and one vice presidential debate. Only Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton and Republican nominee Donald Trump met the criteria for inclusion in the debates, and thus were the only two to appear in the debates sponsored by the Commission on Presidential Debates.

This entry records the listed event date, as dated in the source infobox.

United States

Blue Panther 40th Anniversary Show

The Blue Panther 40th Anniversary Show, or more properly Funcion Homenaje Festejano los 40 Años de Blue Panther (Spanish for "Tribute and celebration of 40 years of Blue Panther") was a professional wrestling super card held on October 19, 2018. The show was produced and scripted by the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL: Spanish for "World Wrestling Council") and took place at Arena México in Mexico City, Mexico.

Mexico City, Mexico

Héroes Inmortales XIII

Héroes Inmortales XIII (Spanish for "Immortal Heroes thirteen") was a professional wrestling event produced and scripted by the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Lucha Libre AAA World Wide (AAA). The event took place on October 19, 2019, in Coliseo "La Concordia" in Orizaba, Veracruz, Mexico. It was the thirteenth annual AAA show held in honor of deceased founder Antonio Peña, and featured the Copa Antonio Peña tournament named in his honor.

Veracruz, Mexico · Orizaba, Mexico

House of Lords holds a Saturday debate on Brexit

The House of Lords debated the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union at a Saturday sitting on 19 October 2019. The House of Commons also met that day to consider the Prime Minister’s revised Brexit agreement. The Commons sitting was its first Saturday sitting since the Falklands conflict.

Northern Aleppo clashes (October 2022)

Clashes occurred between the Levant Front and the Hamza Division, two factions of the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army, across the Turkish-occupied areas of the Aleppo Governorate on 10 October 2022, as part of the civil war in Syria. On 12 October, the Sunni Islamist group Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) joined the fighting on the side of the Hamza Division, entering the Afrin region.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Syria

2023 Mid Bedfordshire by-election

A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Mid Bedfordshire was held on 19 October 2023, triggered by the resignation of incumbent Conservative MP Nadine Dorries. Alistair Strathern of the Labour Party won the by-election, marking the first Labour victory in the seat since its creation in 1918. On 9 June 2023, Dorries announced that she was standing down from the seat "with immediate effect".

United Kingdom

2023 Tamworth by-election

A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Tamworth was held on 19 October 2023, due to the resignation of incumbent Conservative MP Chris Pincher following a sexual misconduct scandal. Sarah Edwards, the Labour candidate, won the seat with a 23.9% swing, the second-biggest from Conservative to Labour since 1945. The by-election was held on the same day as the 2023 Mid Bedfordshire by-election, which was also a Labour gain from the Conservatives.

United Kingdom

Red Sea crisis

The Red Sea crisis is an ongoing armed conflict and maritime crisis instigated by the Houthis, an armed group in Yemen. The Houthis began launching missiles and armed drones at Israel in response to the Gaza war, and have seized or attacked dozens of merchant and naval vessels travelling through the Red Sea which they claimed are linked to Israel.

This entry records the event's start date, as given in the source infobox.

Israel · Saudi Arabia · Egypt · Yemen

PFL Super Fights: Battle of the Giants

PFL Super Fights: Battle of the Giants was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Professional Fighters League that took place on October 19, 2024, at The Mayadeen in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Arabia

UFC Fight Night: Hernandez vs. Pereira

UFC Fight Night: Hernandez vs. Pereira (also known as UFC Fight Night 245, UFC on ESPN+ 103 and UFC Vegas 99) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on October 19, 2024, at the UFC Apex facility in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States.

Las Vegas, United States · Nevada, United States

2024 British Columbia general election

The 2024 British Columbia general election was held on October 19, 2024, to elect 93 members (MLAs) of the Legislative Assembly to serve in the 43rd parliament of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The election was the first to be held since a significant redistribution of electoral boundaries was finalised in 2023. The Legislative Assembly also expanded in size from 87 seats to 93 seats.

2024 Nova Scotia municipal elections

Municipal elections in Nova Scotia were held on October 19, 2024. Voters in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia elected mayors, councillors, and all other elected officials in all of the province's municipalities. Municipal elections in Nova Scotia are non-partisan.

2024 Epping state by-election

A by-election for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Epping was held on 19 October 2024, following the resignation of Liberal Party MP and former premier Dominic Perrottet.

2024 Hornsby state by-election

A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Hornsby on 19 October 2024, following the resignation of Liberal Party MP Matt Kean.

2024 Pittwater state by-election

A by-election for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Pittwater was held on 19 October 2024, following the resignation of Liberal MP Rory Amon. Amon resigned from parliament on 30 August 2024 after he was charged with child sex offences. Several hours prior to resigning from parliament, Amon also resigned as a member of the Liberal Party. Independent Jacqui Scruby was elected.

2024 Australian Capital Territory election

The 2024 Australian Capital Territory election was held on 19 October 2024 to elect all 25 members of the unicameral ACT Legislative Assembly. The centre-left Labor Party, led by Chief Minister Andrew Barr, which had been in government in the territory since the 2001 election, and in coalition with the progressive Greens since 2012, sought to win a seventh consecutive term in office.

2024 African Table Tennis Championships

The 2024 African Table Tennis Championships was a table tennis tournament that was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 12 to 19 October 2024.

2024 Six Kings Slam

The 2024 Six Kings Slam was the inaugural edition of the tennis exhibition tournament held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the Riyadh Season. The exhibition took place on 16, 17 and 19 October 2024. 18 October was a rest day in order to follow an ATP rule that players cannot compete on three consecutive days in an exhibition.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

Saudi Arabia

MAMI Mumbai Film Festival 2024

The MAMI Mumbai Film Festival 2024 took place between 19 and 24 October 2024 in Mumbai, India. It was the first edition of the festival under interim festival director Shivendra Singh Dungarpur, following the departure of Anupama Chopra from the festival director position. It was also the first edition of the festival since 2014 to not have a title sponsor.

This entry records the opening, as dated in the source infobox.

India

2025 Northern Cypriot presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Northern Cyprus on 19 October 2025. Incumbent president Ersin Tatar was defeated by Tufan Erhürman of the Republican Turkish Party (CTP), who received 63% of the vote.

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

2025 European Table Tennis Championships

The 2025 European Table Tennis Championships were held in Zadar, Croatia from 12 to 19 October 2025. The venue for the competition was the Dvorana Krešimira Ćosića. The competition featured team events for men and women.

2025 BFI London Film Festival

The 69th BFI London Film Festival took place from 8 to 19 October 2025. The competition films were announced on 21 August 2025 while the films for the galas and the strands were revealed on 3 September 2025. The festival showcased 247 films from 79 countries and opened with the 2025 American mystery film Wake Up Dead Man: A Knives Out Mystery, written and directed by Rian Johnson, and closed with the 2025 historical fantasy film 100 Nights of Hero written and directed by Julia Jackman.

This entry records the event's end date, as given in the source infobox.

United Kingdom

Warsaw Film Festival

Warsaw Film Festival (Polish: Warszawski Festiwal Filmowy; WFF), also known as Warsaw International Film Festival, is an annual international film festival held every October in Warsaw, Poland. The 40th edition of the festival took place from 11 to 20 October 2024. The 41st edition of the festival took place from 10 to 19 October 2025, and showcases 112 features and 56 shorts.

This entry records the closing, as dated in the source infobox.

Poland

58th Sitges Film Festival

The 58th Sitges International Fantastic Film Festival of Catalonia took place from 9 to 19 October 2025, in Sitges, Catalonia, Spain. It opened on 9 October with Julia Ducournau's body horror drama film Alpha. This edition of the festival honoured American film director, producer, and writer Sean S. Cunningham, the creator of Friday the 13th horror franchise.

This entry records the closing, as dated in the source infobox.

Spain